scholarly journals Liquid Fermentation of Ganoderma applanatum and Antioxidant Activity of Exopolysaccharides

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
LIU Zhong-hua ◽  
HOU Xiao-ge ◽  
Zhao Jin-hui ◽  
HE Le
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Liquid Fermentation ◽  
Ganoderma Applanatum ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Soy Powder

The medium composition and fermentation conditions of Ganoderma applanatum(GA) strain were optimized by the liquid shake flask fermentation, and the antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides was investigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions of the liquid fermentation of GA strain were as follows: Carbon source was corn powder, nitrogen source was soy powder, the initial pH was 6.0, the inoculum size was 8％, the fermentation temperature was 32oC, the fermentation time was 7 d. The exopolysaccharides of GA strain could scavenge hydroxyl radicals(HR) and superoxide anion radicals(SAR), and the concentration of exopolysaccharides was positively related to the antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Liquid Fermentation of Ganoderma applanatum and Antioxidant Activity of Exopolysaccharides

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIU Zhong-hua ◽  
HOU Xiao-ge ◽  
Zhao Jin-hui ◽  
HE Le
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Liquid Fermentation ◽  
Ganoderma Applanatum ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Soy Powder

The medium composition and fermentation conditions of Ganoderma applanatum(GA) strain were optimized by the liquid shake flask fermentation, and the antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides was investigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions of the liquid fermentation of GA strain were as follows: Carbon source was corn powder, nitrogen source was soy powder, the initial pH was 6.0, the inoculum size was 8％, the fermentation temperature was 32oC, the fermentation time was 7 d. The exopolysaccharides of GA strain could scavenge hydroxyl radicals(HR) and superoxide anion radicals(SAR), and the concentration of exopolysaccharides was positively related to the antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Milk-clotting proteases from Pleurotus albidus: an innovative alternative for the production of Minas frescal cheese

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e57275
Author(s):  
Salomão Rocha Martim ◽  
Larissa Svetlana Cavalcante Silva ◽  
Mircella Marialva Alecrim ◽  
Lorisa Simas Teixeira ◽  
Maria Francisca Simas Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Iodoacetic Acid ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Cultivation Medium ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Milk Clotting ◽  
Inoculum Age ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Stability Effect

Pleurotus albidus, a naturally growing species in the Amazon region, has been considered a promising source of milk-clotting proteases. The production of such enzymes using lignocellulosic residues is a sustainable alternative to replace mammalian rennet. The application of P. albidus milk-clotting proteases in cheese making has not yet been reported in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to characterize the milk-clotting proteases of P. albidus and use these enzymes in the production of Minas frescal cheese. For the production of coagulating proteases, the mushroom was grown in açaí seeds supplemented with rice bran (10%, w/w). The parameters affecting the production of coagulant, such as inoculum size, fermentation time, initial pH of cultivation medium and age of the inoculum were evaluated. The coagulant extract obtained under optimal production conditions was evaluated for optimal pH and temperature, pH and temperature stability, effect of ions and inhibitors. Significant production of coagulating proteases was obtained under the following conditions: inoculum size (2.5%), fermentation time (10 days), initial pH of the cultivation medium (6), and inoculum age (10 days). The coagulant exhibited significant catalytic activity in pH 5.0 at 55°C, with stability at 45°C and was completely inhibited by iodoacetic acid. The milk-clotting proteases of P. albidus were efficient for making Minas frescal cheese that presented 55.0% of moisture, 20.0% of lipids and 17.20% of protein. Pleurotus albidus is a potential source of milk-clotting proteases that can be applied in dairy industry for production of fresh Minas frescal cheese.

Fermentation of Brewers’ Spent Grain by Effective Microorganisms to Produce Proteins Feed

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1980-1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Ding ◽  
Zhao Xia Li ◽  
Bo Fang ◽  
Jin Long Yan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Protein Feed

Deep fermentation of brewer's spent grain (BSG) can improve its feeding effectiveness, and it is also an effective way to solve the problem of shortage of proteins source. The interrelated factors affecting the productivity of proteins in fermentation process by effective microorganisms (EM), such as inoculum size, temperature, initial pH and time, were studied and the technique to produce protein feed was also optimized by a serial of single factors and orthogonal design tests. Results showed that the optimal conditions were 4 % of inoculum size, 28 °C of fermentation temperature, 4.0 of initial pH and 3 d of the fermentation time. Under the obtained optimum fermentation conditions, the content of crude proteins increased by 24.48 % and the content of crude fiber decreased by 17.45 % compared with the control experiment. The increased content of proteins indicated the added-value products in animal feed and the significance in its disposal as an environmental problem.

Optimization of Removal Conditions of Soluble Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions by Bacillus sp. Biomass

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Gai Xia Fang ◽  
Li Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency ◽  
Initial Ph

The optimal conditions of by the culture of Bacillus sp.were examined, using beer wastewater to replace glucose as carbon source and energy source in the culture medium. Results showed that the COD concentration in beer wastewater favorable for the growth of the Bacillus sp.was 5000 mg•L-1, and inoculum size of 5%(v/v), 30◦C, initial pH 7.0 and shaking speed of 150 r•min-1, under the optimal culture conditions, the Bacillus sp. biomass was effective in flocculating some soluble reactive dyes in aqueous solution, reactive Light-Yellow K-4G and reactive Turquoise Blue KN-G with a decolorization efficiency of 93.8 and 95.5%, respectively, using 20 mL of the culture medium in 500 mL of 100 mg•L-1 dye solution.

scholarly journals Biotechnological process of chitin recovery from shrimp waste using Lactobacillus plantarum NCDN4

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Thanh Ha Le ◽  
Thi Ha Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Initial Ph

Chitin in shrimp waste is tightly associated with proteins, lipids, pigments and mineral deposits. Therefore, these source materials have to be pretreated to remove these components. For a long time, chemical process has been used widely for extraction of chitin from shrimp waste. The chemical process however led to severe environmental damage and low chitin quality. The biological process has been shown promising to replace the harsh chemical process to reduce the environment impact. In our previous study chitin recovery from sterilized shrimp waste by Lactobacillus plantarum NCDN4 was investigated. However in large scale it is uneconomical to sterilize the shrimp waste. For that reason, in this study the microbial process using Lactobacillus plantarum NCDN4 for chitin recovery from unsterilezed shrimp waste has been investigated. Factors affecting the demineralization by this strain such as inoculum size, glucose concentration, initial pH, NaCl concentration and fermentation time were investigated. It was found that when unsterilized shrimp waste fermented with 20% L. plantarum inoculum, 12,5% glucose, and pH 6 for 4 days at 30°C, 99. 28% demineralization and 48.65% deproteination could be achieved. The ash and protein content of fermented residues were 1.33% and 22.46% respectively. Compared to sterilized condition the efficiency of demineralization and deproteination was similar. Chitin trong phế liệu tôm liên kết chặt chẽ với protein, sắc tố và khoáng. Do vậy để thu được chitin cần có các bước tiền xử lí để loại các thành phần không phải chitin ra. Phương pháp hóa học được sử dụng rộng rãi từ lâu để tiền xử lí chitin. Tuy nhiên do phương pháp hóa học gây hại cho môi trường và tạo ra chitin chất lượng thấp, các nhà khoa học nỗ lực nghiên cứu tìm ra các phương pháp thay thế. Phương pháp sinh học được xem là rất khả quan để thay thế phương pháp hóa học. Trong nghiên cứu trước của chúng tôi, quá trình lên men phế liệu tôm thanh trùng bằng Lactobacillus plantarum NCDN4 đã được nghiên cứu. Tuy nhiên việc thanh trùng phế liệu tôm không kinh tế. Trong nghiên cứu này quá trình lên men phế liệu tôm không thanh trùng bằng Lactobacillus plantarum NCDN4 đã được khảo sát. Các yếu tố như tỷ lệ giống, nồng độ đường glucose, nồng độ NaCl, pH ban đầu của môi trường lên men và thời gian lên men đã được nghiên cứu. Kết quả cho thấy ở điều kiện 20% giống theo thể tích, 12,5% dịch đường glucose, 2% muối theo khối lượng, pH ban đầu 6, sau 5 ngày lên men lượng khoáng và protein trong nguyên liệu giảm tương ứng 99.28% và 48.65%. Lượng khoáng và protein còn lại tương ứng 1.33% và 22.46% (tính theo trọng lượng khô). So với phế liệu tôm không thanh trùng, hiệu quả loại khoáng và protein là tương đương.

scholarly journals Preparation and Antioxidant Activity of Purple Potato Wine

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Zhong-hua ◽  
Guo Jie
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Yeast Inoculum

Purple potatoes were used as raw material to study the purple potato wine production process and antioxidant activity. This paper analyzed different fermentation time, fermentation temperature, yeast inoculum, initial pH, the initial sugar content on alcohol and anthocyanin contents of purple potato wine by single factor experiments and response surface methodology(RSM). The results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions of purple potato wine were as follows: fermentation temperature was 26oC, yeast inoculum was 0.15%, fermentation time was 7 d, initial pH was 3.0 and initial sugar content was 11 %. Under these conditions the alcohol and anthocyanin contents of purple potato wine could reach 10.55%/Vol and 6.42 μg/mL, respectively. The purple potato wine was purple, bright in colour, pleasant fragrance and pure taste. Prepared purple potato wine had the ability of reducing Fe3+ and scavenging superoxide anion radicals, which meant that purple potato wine had certain antioxidant activity.

Biosorption Applications of Flavobacterium sp. Biomass for Decolorization of Soluble Reactive Light-Yellow K-4G Solutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 440-443
Author(s):  
Kui Zhang ◽  
Hong Qiao Xing ◽  
Yao Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Molasses Wastewater ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency ◽  
Flocculating Activity ◽  
Initial Ph

The optimal conditions of production of flocculant by the culture of Flavobacterium sp. were examined, using molasses wastewater to replace glucose as carbon source and energy source in the culture medium. Results showed that the COD concentration in molasses wastewater favorable for the growth of the Flavobacterium sp.was 5000 mg•L-1, and inoculum size of 5%(v/v), 30°C, initial pH 7.0 and shaking speed of 150 r•min-1, under the optimal culture conditions, the highest flocculating activity achieved for Kaolin suspension was 95.0% and 4.0 g biomass /L broth was obtained. The Flavobacterium sp. biomass was effective in flocculating some soluble reactive dyes in aqueous solution, reactive Light-Yellow K-4G with a decolorization efficiency of 98.5, using 20 mL of the flocculant in 500 mL of 100 mg•L-1 dye solution.

Enhanced Biosynthesis of D-arabitol by Metschnikowia Reukaufii Through Optimizing Medium Composition and Fermentation Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Huang ◽  
Yingfeng An ◽  
Hossain M. Zabed ◽  
Yuvaraj Ravikumar ◽  
Mei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Fermentation Conditions

Abstract D-arabitol is an important functional sugar alcohol, which can be used in the preparation of foods, chemicals, and medicines. Despite biological production of D-arabitol from low-cost substrates has recently been the focus of research, low yield of this technology has limited its large-scale exploitation. Optimization of this bioprocess could be a promising option to improve the yield of D-arabitol. In this study, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) strategy and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were used to increase D-arabitol production by Metschnikowia reukaufii CICC 31858 through optimizing the fermentation conditions and medium composition. The OFAT optimization provided the optimal conditions for temperature, agitation speed, and fermentation time of 30℃, 220 rpm, and 144 h, respectively. Likewise, the optimum concentrations of peptone, ammonium sulfate, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, and fumaric acid in the fermentation medium were (g/L) 7.5, 1, 2 , 0.5 and 7.5, respectively. Under these optimum conditions, 80.43 g/L of D-arabitol was produced from 200 g/L of glucose, with a productivity of 0.56 g/L/h. The BBD optimization with three important components of fermentation medium (KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O and fumaric acid) showed that the predicted titer of D-arabitol varied from 47.21 g/L to 89.27 g/L, and the actual titer of D-arabitol ranged from 47.36 to 89.83 g/L. The optimum concentrations (g/L) of KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, and fumaric acid in the fermentation medium were found to be 1.0, 0.5, and 4.7g/L, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, 92.45 g/L of D-arabitol was finally produced with the yield and productivity of 0.46 g/g and 0.64 g/L/h, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of banana crop by-products solvent extraction for the production of bioactive compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Díaz ◽  
Antonio N. Benítez ◽  
Sara Ramírez-Bolaños ◽  
Lidia Robaina ◽  
Zaida Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Satisfactory Description ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
By Products ◽  
Banana Crops

AbstractThe aim of this work is the optimization of phenolic compound extraction from three by-products of banana crops (rachis, discarded banana, and banana’s pseudostem pulp), as a way to valorize them through a green extraction process. The influence of the temperature and aqueous ethanol concentration (Et-OH) on extract properties (total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity) was firstly analyzed. 78 ℃ and ethanol concentrations close to 50% yielded the best results for the three materials. The equations obtained by the response surface methodology gave a satisfactory description of the experimental data, allowing optimizing the extraction conditions. Under optimized conditions, time influence was then assessed, although this parameter seemed not influence results. Among the three by-products, rachis extract (60% Et-OH, 78 ℃, and 30 min) presented the highest TPC (796 mg gallic acid/100 g of dried material) and antioxidant activity (6.51 mg Trolox equivalents/g of dried material), followed by discarded banana, and pseudostem pulp. Under the optimal conditions, experiments were performed at a larger scale, allowing to determine the extraction yields (EY) and to characterize the extracts. The highest EY was obtained for the rachis (26%), but the extract with the highest activity was obtained for discarded banana (50% Et-OH, 78 ℃, and 60 min), which presented a TPC of 27.26 mg/g extract corresponding to 54.59 mg Trolox equivalents/g extract. This study contributes to the valorization of banana crops residues as a source of polyphenolic compounds with bioactive functions that can be extracted under economic extraction conditions. Graphical abstract

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