The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnostics of Radix Paramolaris: A Case Report

Background and Objectives: This case report aims to present a rare morphological variation of Radix Paramolaris (RP) diagnosed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to discuss its morphological associations and possible implications on dental treatment. Radix paramolaris is a buccally located supernumerary root of the permanent mandibular molars. It is very rare in the European population, with a prevalence below 4%. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy with severe Class II malocclusion is presented. The first phase of orthodontic treatment consisted of therapy with a removable activator appliance. Before the second phase of treatment, unilateral radix paramolaris on the second right permanent mandibular molar was discovered. Results: Supernumerary root was diagnosed using a 3T whole-body MRI system. This case confirmed the association between supernumerary roots and increased buccal crown cusps in a mandibular molar. Furthermore, it demonstrated the effectiveness of non-invasive MRI as a complementary diagnostic tool, offering clear advantages in diagnosing rare morphological variations such as supernumerary roots. Unlike conventional radiography, MRI is able to distinguish the soft tissues, including the dental pulp, and does not emit ionizing radiation. Conclusion: To diagnose a supernumerary root and the state of its pulpal tissue, a precise radiographic and clinical examination is required since awareness of exact root morphology can be of paramount importance in clinical decision-making for several dental procedures.

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Extra-osseous 99mTc methylene diphosphonate uptake detected enlargement of the knee joint in patient with polyarthritis

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1177/2050313x17741824 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 2050313X1774182

Author(s):

Maria Grazia Caprio ◽

Mariarosaria Manganelli ◽

Simona Limone ◽

Massimiliano Sorbillo ◽

Mario Quarantelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Bone Scintigraphy ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Whole Body ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Methylene Diphosphonate ◽

Depth Analysis

Bone scintigraphy is a nuclear scanning test used to find abnormalities in the skeleton. Certain abnormal processes involving soft tissues can also cause skeletal accumulation of radiotracer during bone scintigraphy. We present a case of periarticular knee soft tissue 99mTc methylene diphosphonate uptake in a patient with asymmetric polyarthritis. A 33-year-old patient with asymmetric polyarthritis, skin lesions and joint pain underwent bone scintigraphy. Total body examination showed an extra-osseous uptake in periarticular soft tissue of knees joints. A detailed history checkup, physical examination and laboratory tests were carried out to understand the link between the extra-osseous uptake and the phosphonate binding in periarticular soft tissue. To improve the anatomical description of the soft tissue of the knees and to clarify the nature of the extra-skeletal 99mTc methylene diphosphonate uptake, magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed. 99mTc-labeled phosphonate binding has been reported in a number of extra-osseous conditions, but to our knowledge, there are a few cases showing bone tracer uptake in polyarthritis. In polyarthritic patients, whole-body bone scintigraphy were useful in examining the whole joints and detecting possible dubious extra-osseous uptake; in fact, it is able to select subjects who require further in-depth analysis, for example, magnetic resonance imaging.

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High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging tracks changes in organ and tissue mass in obese and aging rats

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.0527.2001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 282 (3) ◽

pp. R890-R899 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Haiying Tang ◽

Joseph R. Vasselli ◽

Ed X. Wu ◽

Carol N. Boozer ◽

Dympna Gallagher

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Resolution ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Whole Body ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Tissue Mass

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the ability to discriminate between various soft tissues in vivo. Whole body, specific organ, total adipose tissue (TAT), intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), and skeletal muscle (SM) weights determined by MRI were compared with weights determined by dissection and chemical analysis in two studies with male Sprague-Dawley rats. A 4.2-T MRI machine acquired high-resolution, in vivo, longitudinal whole body images of rats as they developed obesity or aged. Weights of the whole body and specific tissues were determined using computer image analysis software, including semiautomatic segmentation algorithms for volume calculations. High correlations were found for body weight ( r = 0.98), TAT ( r = 0.99), and IAAT ( r = 0.98) between MRI and dissection and chemical analyses. MRI estimated the weight of the brain, kidneys, and spleen with high accuracy ( r > 0.9), but overestimated IAAT, SM, and liver volumes. No differences were detected in organ weights using MRI and dissection measurements. Longitudinal MRI measurements made during the development of obesity and aging accurately represented changes in organ and tissue mass.

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Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and follow-up of multicentric infantile myofibromatosis: A case report

Molecular and Clinical Oncology ◽

10.3892/mco.2017.1171 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 579-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sergio Salerno ◽

Maria Chiara Terranova ◽

Mario Rossello ◽

Maria Piccione ◽

Ottavio Ziino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Case Report ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Whole Body ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Infantile Myofibromatosis ◽

Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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A Case Report on Parathyroid Carcinoma - an Extremely Rare Endocrine Malignancy

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.2018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A986-A987

Author(s):

Shobha Mandal ◽

Mary Grace Bethala ◽

Barbara MolsKowalczewski

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Computed Tomography ◽

Case Report ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽

Whole Body ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

En Bloc ◽

Neck Ultrasound ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Parathyroid carcinoma is an extremely rare endocrine malignancy with a prevalence of &It 1%. It is associated with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HJTS), multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 or 2A syndromes, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and chronic kidney disease. Incidence is equal in both men and women. Patients may present with symptoms of hypercalcemia, and should be further worked up with neck ultrasound, Tc-99m sestamibi imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography combined with CT scan, and biopsy of the parathyroid mass. Parathyroid carcinoma can be treated surgically with complete resection. Patients treated with En-bloc resection with microscopically negative margins remain cancer-free for at least three years to a maximum of twenty years. Case Report: A 50-year-old female treated with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity, came for the follow-up visit. She denied any active complaint. Routine Lab work showed mild hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, elevated PTH, and alkaline phosphatase. Neck ultrasound showed a cystic lesion adjacent to the right thyroid lobe. Sestamibi (MIBI) parathyroid scintigraphy showed increased radiopharmaceutical uptake by the right superior parathyroid gland without any enlarged or suspicious lymph nodes. Dexa scan was positive for osteopenia. The patient underwent right superior parathyroidectomy along with en-bloc right thyroid lobectomy. Histological examination revealed anaplastic regions, giant cells with abundant cytoplasm, and polymorphous nuclei with a Ki-67 labeling index of 10% consistent with parathyroid carcinoma. Post-surgery imaging with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of the neck computed tomography of the chest, and abdomen, whole-body MIBI scintigraphy was negative for residuals or metastatic disease. She was started on oral calcium carbonate and was monitored regularly with routine lab work. The most recent lab work was within normal limits. Conclusion: Most of the patients with parathyroid carcinoma present in the early stage with the symptoms of hypercalcemia. Many of them do not have symptoms of mass or tumor effects. Parathyroid cancer is a rare malignancy and can be missed, therefore all patients with hypercalcemia should be further evaluated with lab work, imaging, and biopsy to rule out parathyroid carcinoma. Early diagnosis and treatment have a better outcome.

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