First Molecular Identification of Symbiotic Archaea in a Sponge Collected from the Persian Gulf, Iran

Background: Marine sponges are associated with numerically vast and phylogenetically diverse microbial communities at different geographical locations. However, little is known about the archaeal diversity of sponges in the Persian Gulf. The present study was aimed to identify the symbiotic archaea with a sponge species gathered from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Methods: Sponge sample was collected from a depth of 3 m offshore Bushehr, Persian Gulf, Iran. Metagenomic DNA was extracted using a hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. The COI mtDNA marker was used for molecular taxonomy identification of sponge sample. Also, symbiotic archaea were identified using the culture-independent analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and PCR- cloning. Results: In this study, analysis of multilocus DNA marker and morphological characteristics revealed that the sponge species belonged to Chondrilla australiensis isolate PG_BU4. PCR cloning and sequencing showed that all of the sequences of archaeal 16S rRNA gene libraries clustered into the uncultured archaeal group. Conclusion: The present study is the first report of the presence of the genus of Chondrilla in the Persian Gulf. Traditional taxonomy methods, when used along with molecular techniques, could play a significant role in the accurate taxonomy of sponges. Also, the uncultured archaea may promise a potential source for bioactive compounds. Further functional studies are needed to explore the role of the sponge-associated uncultured archaea as a part of the marine symbiosis.

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Identification and the First Record of Marine bacteria Mudskippers Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1837) by 16S rRNA on the Northern Intertidal areas of Persian Gulf, Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-37231/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

nerssy nassirabady ◽

N. Negar Ghotbeddin ◽

Laleh Roomiani

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Marine Bacteria ◽

Persian Gulf ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

First Record ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Fish Samples ◽

The Persian Gulf ◽

Boleophthalmus Dussumieri

Abstract Background Mudskipper is from the Gobiidae family and from the subfamily Oxudercinae. Mudskipper contains four main genera Boleophthalmus, Periophthalmodon, Periophthalmus, and Scartelaos. The aim of this research identification of bacterial agent (Marine bacteria) mudskippers Boleophthalmus dussumieri on the Shores of the northern intertidal areas of the Persian Gulf (Abadan, Hendijan and Bahrekan), Iran. The mud sediment and water samples (at the depth of one m), and mudskipper fish samples (near shore at the intertidal) were collected from Abadan, Hendijan and Bahrekan in northern coasts of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Results A total of 80 aerobic bacteria marine (from the intestines of mudskipper, seawater, and muddy sediments ) was identified by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacteria's (Marine bacteria) [Eubacterium] tenue strain DSM 20695, Praclostridium bifermentans strain JCM 1386 and Vibrio hyugaensis strain 090810a was first identified in the northern intertidal areas of Persian Gulf, Iran. Conclusions Bacteria compete with other organisms to get oxygen to the surface layers of the flower bed. They give that the bacterial species common to the fish intestines and sediments is high and due to fish feeding of sediment it can be concluded that the species present in the fish intestine in the present study may be a function of substrate species that needs further studies to prove this.

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Investigation of Oscillatoria spongeliae-Dominated Bacterial Communities in Four Dictyoceratid Sponges

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.11.7366-7375.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 7366-7375 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Christian P. Ridley ◽

D. John Faulkner ◽

Margo G. Haygood

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Gene ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Sponge Species ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽

Oscillatoria Spongeliae

ABSTRACT Certain species of marine sponges in the order Dictyoceratida harbor large populations of the cyanobacterial symbiont Oscillatoria spongeliae in the mesohyl (interior) of the sponge. We show that in four of these sponge species (Lamellodysidea herbacea, Lamellodysidea chlorea, Lendenfeldia chondrodes, and Phyllospongia papyracea) from Palau there is a consistent community of α-proteobacteria in addition to O. spongeliae that fall within the Rhodobacter group based on 16S rRNA gene analysis. Some of the α-proteobacteria in Lendenfeldia chondrodes and P. papyracea but not in the Lamellodysidea spp. contained site-specific insertions in the 16S rRNA gene. Reverse transcription-PCR experiments demonstrated that the largest insertion found in this study (63 bp) is present in the mature rRNA. Lendenfeldia chondrodes was the only sponge found to have another cyanobacterium in the tissue, a Synechocystis sp. We found that the Synechocystis sp. was present in both the pinacoderm (surface epithelial tissue) and mesohyl, in contrast to O. spongeliae, which was only found in the mesohyl through the use of specific fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments. Of the four sponge species, only P. papyracea was found to contain a significant number of γ-proteobacteria. These results demonstrate that O. spongeliae-dominated bacterial communities in different sponge species can vary considerably and increase our understanding of the bacterial communities found in marine invertebrates.

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Microscopic and Molecular Description of the Microsporidian Parasite,Heterosporis sp., Infecting Lizardfish, Saurida undosquamis in the Persian Gulf

Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology ◽

10.5812/jjcmb.110734 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Larki ◽

Rahim Peyghan ◽

Zahra Tulabi dezfuli

Keyword(s):

Persian Gulf ◽

Genomic Sequence ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Host Cells ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Microsporidian Parasite ◽

The Persian Gulf ◽

Microsporidia Species

Background: The lizardfish is an economically important fish in the Persian Gulf with high rates of parasitic infections. Microsporidia species, as opportunistic parasites, cause several disorders, which in turn result in economic problems. Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate Heterosporis sp. infection in Persian Gulf lizardfish using the small subunit ribosomal RNA phylogenetics to describe and classification of the unknown microsporidia species as well as morphological characteristics. Methods: The abdominal cavities of fifty specimens of lizardfish, Saurida undosquamis, were examined using morphological and molecular techniques. Some irregular whitish cyst-like were fixed for histopathological and transmission electron observations. The small subunit ribosomal genomic DNA was studied and a 1,279 bp genomic sequence was amplified and investigated for molecular analysis. Results: Twenty-two (out of fifty) specimens were infected with irregular whitish microsporidian cysts. Light and electron microscopic findings revealed round cysts containing large numbers of monomorphic and ovoid spores with a posterior vacuole. Polar tube coiled between six and eight-times, in one row. The large xenoma (hypertrophied parasitizing host cells) was encapsulated by a host-derived thick connective tissue in pathological samples. The phylogenetic analysis showed that despite some morphological similarity of the Persian Gulf microsporidia sp. to Glugea spp., the most closely related species with minimum genetic distance to Heterosporis anguillarum isolated is Japanese eels (Anguillajaponica). Conclusions: This is the first phylogenetic report of microsporidian infections in mesenteric tissues of lizardfish S. undosquamis in Iran including morphological and molecular markers, to introduce novel species

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Diversity of Bacteria in the Marine Sponge Aplysina fulva in Brazilian Coastal Waters

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02101-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (10) ◽

pp. 3331-3343 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

C. C. P. Hardoim ◽

R. Costa ◽

F. V. Araï¿½jo ◽

E. Hajdu ◽

R. Peixoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sampling Site ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Sponge Species ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Bacterial Phyla ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Aplysina Fulva

ABSTRACT Microorganisms can account for up to 60% of the fresh weight of marine sponges. Marine sponges have been hypothesized to serve as accumulation spots of particular microbial communities, but it is unknown to what extent these communities are directed by the organism or the site or occur randomly. To address this question, we assessed the composition of specific bacterial communities associated with Aplysina fulva, one of the prevalent sponge species inhabiting Brazilian waters. Specimens of A. fulva and surrounding seawater were collected in triplicate in shallow water at two sites, Caboclo Island and Tartaruga beach, Bï¿½zios, Brazil. Total community DNA was extracted from the samples using “direct” and “indirect” approaches. 16S rRNA-based PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analyses of the total bacterial community and of specific bacterial groups—Pseudomonas and Actinobacteria—revealed that the structure of these assemblages in A. fulva differed drastically from that observed in seawater. The DNA extraction methodology and sampling site were determinative for the composition of actinobacterial communities in A. fulva. However, no such effects could be gleaned from total bacterial and Pseudomonas PCR-DGGE profiles. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries constructed from directly and indirectly extracted DNA did not differ significantly with respect to diversity and composition. Altogether, the libraries encompassed 15 bacterial phyla and the candidate division TM7. Clone sequences affiliated with the Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gamma- and Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria were, in this order, most abundant. The bacterial communities associated with the A. fulva specimens were distinct and differed from those described in studies of sponge-associated microbiota performed with other sponge species.

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Cytotoxicity evaluation of extracts and fractions of five marine sponges from the Persian Gulf and HPLC fingerprint analysis of cytotoxic extracts

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ◽

10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.07.020 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 896-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Davood Mahdian ◽

Milad Iranshahy ◽

Abolfazl Shakeri ◽

Azar Hoseini ◽

Hoda Yavari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Persian Gulf ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Fingerprint Analysis ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

The Persian Gulf

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Molecular Networking-Guided Isolation of New Etzionin-Type Diketopiperazine Hydroxamates from the Persian Gulf Sponge Cliona celata

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19080439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 439

Author(s):

Reza Mohsenian Kouchaksaraee ◽

Fengjie Li ◽

Melika Nazemi ◽

Mahdi Moridi Farimani ◽

Deniz Tasdemir

Keyword(s):

Persian Gulf ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Molecular Networking ◽

Cliona Celata ◽

The Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf is a unique and biologically diverse marine environment dominated by invertebrates. In continuation of our research interest in the chemistry and biological activity of marine sponges from the Persian Gulf, we selected the excavating sponge Cliona celata for detailed metabolome analyses, in vitro bioactivity screening, and chemical isolation studies. A UPLC-MS/MS (MS2) molecular-networking-based dereplication strategy allowed annotation and structural prediction of various diketopiperazines (DKPs) and etzionin-type diketopiperazine hydroxamates (DKPHs) in the crude sponge extract. The molecular-networking-guided isolation approach applied to the crude extract afforded the DKPH etzionin (1) and its two new derivatives, clioetzionin A (2) and clioetzionin B (3). Another new modified DKP (4) was identified by MS/MS analyses but could not be isolated in sufficient quantities to confirm its structure. The chemical characterization of the purified DKPHs 1–3 was performed by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, HRMS/MS, and [α]D analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited broad antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities, with IC50 values ranging from 19.6 to 159.1 µM. This is the first study investigating the chemical constituents of a C. celata specimen from the Persian Gulf. It is also the first report of full spectroscopic data of etzionin based on extensive spectroscopic analyses.

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