The Chemical Investigations of the Mangrove Plant Avicennia marina and its Endophytes!

Abstract Respiration and related aspects of metabolism were investigated in the roots and leaves of 2-year-old trees of the mangrove plant, Avicennia marina in the presence of 100, 250 and 500 mᴍ NaCl. The rate of respiration of leaves increased with increasing concentrations of NaCl in the incubation medium, but respiration of roots was not similarly affected. In order to examine the relative rates of catabolism of glucose by the glycolysis-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PP pathway), we determined the rates of release of 14CO2 from [1-14C]glucose and from [ 6 -14C]glucose in segments of roots and leaves. The ratios of rates (C6/C1) in roots varied from 0.30 to 0.44, while ratios of 0.85 to 0.99 were obtained when leaves were incubated in the presence of various concentrations of NaCl. It appeared that the PP pathway was more involved in sugar catabolism in the roots than in the leaves of A. marina. Uniformaly 14C-labelled sucrose, incubated with segments of roots and leaves for 18 h, was converted to CO2, amino acids (mainly glutamine), organic acids (mainly malic acid), sugars and ethanol-insoluble macromolecules. The incorporation of radioactivity into most of these components was not significantly affected by NaCl. However, in leaves (but not in roots) the release of 14CO2 from [ U -14C]sucrose was en hanced by NaCl at 250 mᴍ and 500 mᴍ, while the rate of incorporation of radioactivity into macromolecules was reduced by high concentrations of NaCl. Incorporation of radioactivity from [ U -14C]sucrose into malic acid was enhanced in both roots and leaves by an increase in the concentration of NaCl from 100 mᴍ to 500 mᴍ (this concentrations is similar to that in sea water). Independent of the concentration of NaCl, more than half of the radioactivity in the neutral fraction from leaves was incorporated into an unidentified sugar, while in the same fraction from roots, the radioactivity was associated with glucose, fructose and sucrose. On the basis of these results, a discussion is presented of the characteristics of catabolism of sugars in A. marina in relation to salt resistance.

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Compatible Solutes and Inorganic Ions in the Mangrove Plant Avicennia marina and Their Effects on the Activities of Enzymes

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1997-7-804 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 52 (7-8) ◽

pp. 433-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Hiroshi Ashihara ◽

Kyoko Adachi ◽

Miho Otawa ◽

Eri Yasumoto ◽

Yuko Fukushima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compatible Solutes ◽

Inorganic Ions ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Salt Resistance ◽

Nmr Studies ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Young Leaves ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate ◽

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Naturally grown two-month-old seedlings of Avicennia marina contain high concentrations of Na+ and Cl-.+ Our NMR studies revealed an accumulation of glycinebetaine, asparagine and stachyose in A. marina. The highest concentration of glycinebetaine was observed in young leaves, while the distribution of stachyose was restricted in stems and roots. A sparagine comprised more than 96% of total free amino acids in roots and 84% in leaves from two-year-old plants. Little or no accumulation of proline or polyols, which are proposed as compatible solutes in other plants, could be detected in A. marina. The activities of phosphofructokinase, pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and NAD:malate dehydrogenase from young leaves of A. marina were inhibited by NaCl, while the activity of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase was activated by 50-200 m M NaCl. There was little or no effect of high concentrations (up to 500 mᴍ ) of glycinebetaine on the activities of any of these enzymes. No significant protection by glycinebetaine was detected against NaCl inhibition of these enzymatic activities. Based on these results, possible mechanisms for the salt-resistance of A. marina cells are discussed.

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Proteomic analysis on mangrove plant Avicennia marina leaves reveals nitric oxide enhances the salt tolerance by up-regulating photosynthetic and energy metabolic protein expression

Tree Physiology ◽

10.1093/treephys/tpy058 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhi-jun Shen ◽

Juan Chen ◽

Kabir Ghoto ◽

Wen-jun Hu ◽

Gui-feng Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Proteomic Analysis ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Metabolic Protein

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Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of a mangrove plant Avicennia marina (Forsk.)

Journal of Coastal Life Medicine ◽

10.12980/jclm.3.2015j5-58 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 713-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pooja Moteriya ◽

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

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The effect of mangroves amendments to soil on root rot and root knot of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2008.015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 115-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marium Tariq ◽

Shahnaz Dawar ◽

Fatima S. Mehdi ◽

Muhammad J. Zaki

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Root Weight ◽

Complete Suppression ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Shoot Weight

Leaves, stem and pneumatophore of Avicennia marina and leaves and stem of Rhizophora mucronata were used as the organic amendments at 0.1, 1 and 5% concentrations in the control of root rot fungi like (Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phasoelina) and root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on potato. In pot experiments, germination of seeds, shoot length, shoot weight, root length, root weight and number of knots were significantly increased when plant parts like leaves, stem and pneumatophore of A. marina and R. mucronata were used at 1 and 5% concentrations. There was a complete suppression in infection of R. solani and M. phaseolina when A. marina and R. mucronata were used at 5% concentration on potato. Maximum inhibition of knots of M. javanica was observed when powder made from mangrove plant parts was used at 1 and 5% concentrations. Powder from all plant parts, like leaves, stem and pneumatophore, was effective in suppression of root infecting fungi and root knot nematode.

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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from mangrove plant (Avicennia marina) extract and their potential mosquito larvicidal property

Journal of Parasitic Diseases ◽

10.1007/s12639-014-0621-5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 991-996 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Srinivasan Balakrishnan ◽

Muthukumarasamy Srinivasan ◽

Jeyaraj Mohanraj

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Mangrove Plant

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UJI POTENSI ANTIMIKROBA BIJI TUMBUHAN MANGROVE (AVICENNIA MARINA SP.) SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERANTAS PENYAKIT KEPITING BAKAU (SCYLLA SERRATA)

Jurnal IPA & Pembelajaran IPA ◽

10.24815/jipi.v1i2.9685 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 113-120

Author(s):

Ratih Permana Sari ◽

Molani Paulina Hasibuan

Keyword(s):

Local Community ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Raw Material ◽

Scylla Serrata ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Mangrove Crab ◽

Mangrove Crabs

Abstrak. Besarnya potensi alam yang dimiliki oleh Kota Langsa yaitu tumbuhan mangrove dikembangkan yang nantinya dapat digunakan dalam bidang kesehatan khususnya untuk pencarian bahan baku obat-obatan seperti obat antimikroba. Selain tumbuhannya, ketersediaan makanan laut seperti kepiting bakau juga merupakan salah satu potensi lokal yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat setempat. Namun masyarakat harus berhati-hati dalam mengkonsumsi kepiting bakau karena ada kepiting bakau yang mengandung mikroorganisme atau bakteri berbahaya yang dapat merusak kesehatan manusia baik dalam jangka pendek maupun panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi mangrove sebagai antimikroba dan mengetahui komponen bioaktif yang terdapat pada mangrove dalam mengatasi penyakit pada kepiting bakau. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel biji mangrove Avicennia marina dilakukan pada Desa Kuala Langsa. Sampel mangrove yang diambil adalah biji yang tua dan kondisinya utuh, sampel kemudian dimasukkan dalam kantong sampel ditimbang hingga beratnya 1 kg. Hasil data uji skrining fitokimia diketahui kandungan senyawa biokatif dan jenis senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat di dalam ekstraksi biji mangrove adalah triterpenenoid, tanin, fenol dan alkaloid. Pengujian daya hambat ekstrak metanol dan n-heksan biji A. marina dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Pada beberapa pengulangan ekstrak pelarut metanol dan n-heksan sampel biji mangrove didapatkan zona bening rata-rata 3,13 mm dan 3,03 mm dari kontrol positifnya. Hasil gejala klinis pada kepiting bakau pasca perendaman ekstrak biji tumbuhan mangrove terlihat adanya perubahan seperti mengecilnya melanosis pada karapas, memudarnya kaki renang yang memerah, dan warna karapas mulai kehijauan.Kata Kunci: antimikroba, biji mangrove, kepiting bakau Abstrak. The amount of natural potency possessed by Langsa City is developed mangrove plant which later can be used in health field especially to search for raw material of medicines like antimicrobial drug. In addition to the plants, the availability of seafood such as mangrove crab is also one of the local potential that many in demand by the local community. But people should be careful in consuming mangrove crabs because there are crabs containing microorganisms or harmful bacteria that can damage human health both in the short and long term. This study aims to assess the potential of mangrove as an antimicrobial and to know the bioactive components contained in mangrove in overcoming the disease in mangrove crab. The data was collected by sampling of mangrove seeds conducted in Kuala Langsa Village. The mangrove samples taken were old mangrove seeds and the condition was intact, the sample then put in a sample bag weighed up to weighing 1 kg. The result of phytochemical screening data data of biochemical compound and bioactive compound type found in mangrove seed extraction of Avicennia marina are triterpenenoid, tannin, phenol and alkaloid. Testing of inhibitory power of methanol and n-hexane extract of A. marina seeds was done by agar diffusion method. In some repeat extracts of methanol and n-hexane solvent samples of mangrove seeds obtained an average clear zone of 3.13 mm and 3.03 mm of positive control. Furthermore, the results of clinical symptoms in mangrove crabs after soaking seed extracts visible changes such as decreased melanosis in the carapace, the waning of the swimming pool is red, and the color of the carapace begins to greenish.Keywords: Antimicrobial, mangrove plant seed, mangrove crab

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UJI EFEK ANTIBAKTERI JAMUR ENDOFIT DAUN MANGROVE AVICENNIA MARINA TERHADAP BAKTERI UJI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DAN SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.1.2015.6632 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yolanda A. Kasi ◽

Jimmy Posangi ◽

O. Mona Wowor ◽

Robert Bara

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Shigella Dysenteriae ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Activity Test ◽

White Mycelium

Abstract: Endophytic fungi is a species of fungi which lives within plant tissues including leaf’s tissues that also harmless for the host plant itself. Isolates of endophytic fungi have a potent antibacterial capability with broad spectrum. The aim of this research is to know whether there is an antibacterial effect of endophytic fungi which isolated from Avicennia marina leaf towards Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. The method that is used for the antibacterial activity test, done by putting mycelia of endophytic fungi in combination media that has been smeared with Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. Based on research that has been done, it obtained two types of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove plant, Avicennia marina leaf. Both endophytic fungi have potential for inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, but endophytic fungi with white mycelium has a better antibacterial effect than endophytic fungi with black mycelium and positive control.Keywords: antibacterial, endophytic fungi, mangrove avicennia marinaAbstrak: Jamur endofit merupakan jamur yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman salah satunya yaitu dalam jaringan daun dan tidak membahayakan tanaman tersebut. Isolat-isolat jamur endofit memiliki daya antibakteri yang poten dengan spektrum luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya efek antibakteri jamur endofit daun Avicennia marina terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Shigella dysenteriae. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji antibakteri yaitu dilakukan dengan cara menempelkan miselia jamur endofit pada media agar kombinasi yang telah dioleskan bakteri uji. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh dua jenis jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari daun Mangrove Avicennia marina. Kedua jamur endofit memiliki potensi dalam menghambat kedua bakteri uji tetapi jamur endofit miselium putih memiliki efek antibakteri yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jamur endofit miselium hitam dan kontrol positif.Kata kunci: antibakteri, jamur endofit, daun avicennia marina

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