Energy and Exergy Analyses of Fresh Water and Air Conditioning Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tangellapalli Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Thermodynamic Simulation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Evaporator Temperature

Objective: For a combined generation of fresh water and air conditioning, the humidification-dehumidification and vapor compression refrigeration (HDH-VCR) cycle is the best option as it works at ambient pressure without handling any chemicals. Methods: The HDH cycle works on the principle of an artificially created water cycle. Air can be humidified either with heating and humidification or with the cooling and humidification process. The heating and humidification are well analyzed and the results are reported in the open literature. This work is focused on cooling and humidification for freshwater generation and air conditioning. In the current thermodynamic simulation, the identified key process conditions are evaporator temperature and ambient air conditions (temperature and relative humidity. Results: The focused results are specific desalination, specific cooling, energy performance ratio (EPR), and exergy efficiency. Conclusion: The resulted EPR for cycle and plant are 1.34 and 0.62 respectively at the evaporator temperature of -2 °C.

scholarly journals Energy performance of a bedroom task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system applied in different climate zones of China

Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 724-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Mao ◽  
Jingyu Hao ◽  
Borui Cui ◽  
Yuxing Li ◽  
Mengjie Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climate Zones

Historical changes in fresh water transport from sub-tropical to sub-polar oceans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taimoor Sohail ◽  
Jan Zika ◽  
Damien Irving ◽  
John Church
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Tropical Ocean ◽  
Freshwater Transport ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Polar Oceans ◽  
S Curve ◽  
Polar Ocean ◽  
Different Response

<p>Warming-induced global water cycle changes pose a significant threat to biodiversity and humanity.  The atmosphere transports freshwater from the sub-tropical ocean to the tropics and poles in two distinct branches. The resulting air-sea fluxes of fresh water and river run-off imprint on ocean salinity (S) at different temperatures (T), creating a characteristic `T-S curve' of mean salinity as a function of temperature. Using a novel tracer-percentile framework, we quantify changes in the observed T-S curve from 1970 to 2014.  The warming ocean has been characterised by freshening tropical and sub-polar oceans and salinifying sub-tropical oceans. Over the 44 year period investigated, a net poleward freshwater transport out of the sub-tropical ocean is quantified, implying an amplification of the net poleward atmospheric freshwater transport. Historical reconstructions from the 6th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) exhibit a different response, underestimating the peak salinification of the ocean by a factor of 4, and showing a weak freshwater transport <em>into</em> the sub-polar ocean. Results indicate this discrepancy between the observations and models may be attributed to consistently biased representations of evaporation and precipitation patterns, which lead to the the weaker amplification seen in CMIP6 models.</p>

Thermodynamic Analysis of a Combined Power and Water Production System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ehsan Shakib ◽  
Majid Amidpour ◽  
Cyrus Aghanajafi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Destruction Rate ◽  
Generation Cycle ◽  
Power Generation Cycle

Most of the potable water and electricity are produced by dual purpose plants. Dual-purpose plants are the one that supplies heat for a thermal desalination unit and produces electricity for distribution to the electrical grid. In this paper a power plant is combined with a multi-effect evaporation thermal vapor compression (METVC) system. Compared with the most widely used (Multi Stage Flash) MSF desalination, METVC has more advantages. Then, energy and exergy analysis equations for desalination plant, power generation cycle, heat recovery steam generator and combined power and water cycle are developed and the results are presented. Results show by rising number of effect from 2 to 14, performance ratio, exergy efficiency and specific heat transfer area rise steadily. For combined system, the maximum and minimum values of exergy destruction rate are related to combustion chamber and desalination effects, respectively. Also, with increasing TIT, exergy destruction rate of power generation cycle decreases while the exergy destruction rate of METVC, especially thermo compressor, goes up and fresh water production reduces dramatically.

scholarly journals A New Design of an Integrated Solar Absorption Cooling System Driven by an Evacuated Tube Collector: A Case Study for Baghdad, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Al-Falahi ◽  
Falah Alobaid ◽  
Bernd Epple
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Solar Fraction ◽  
Design Variables

The electrical power consumption of refrigeration equipment leads to a significant influence on the supply network, especially on the hottest days during the cooling season (and this is besides the conventional electricity problem in Iraq). The aim of this work is to investigate the energy performance of a solar-driven air-conditioning system utilizing absorption technology under climate in Baghdad, Iraq. The solar fraction and the thermal performance of the solar air-conditioning system were analyzed for various months in the cooling season. It was found that the system operating in August shows the best monthly average solar fraction (of 59.4%) and coefficient of performance (COP) (of 0.52) due to the high solar potential in this month. Moreover, the seasonal integrated collector efficiency was 54%, providing a seasonal solar fraction of 58%, and the COP of the absorption chiller was 0.44, which was in limit, as reported in the literature for similar systems. A detailed parametric analysis was carried out to evaluate the thermal performance of the system and analyses, and the effect of design variables on the solar fraction of the system during the cooling season.

scholarly journals THERMAL COMFORT AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS FOR A BETTER RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IN MALAYSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Aziah Mohd Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Data Monitoring ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Design Systems

In hot-humid Malaysia, there are around five million units of housing. Among these, the medium-density terraced are the most built. However, little emphasis was given to designing for thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Consequently, air-conditioning is ubiquitous with ever-rising residential energy consumption. This paper studied passive design systems to improve living conditions and conserve energy through orientation and insulation parameters for terraced housing. Utilizing a triangulation of methods to correlate between thermal comfort and energy performance, findings from the questionnaire survey, data monitoring and computer simulation contended that with the passive design strategies minimum thermal comfort is attainable and energy savings predicted.

Researching Air-Conditioning Addiction and Ways of Puncturing Practice: Professional Office Workers and the Decision to Go outside

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2838-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Hitchings
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Day

Though many people around the world now spend much of their time surrounded by bodies of controlled ambient air indoors, we still know relatively little about the subjectivities involved. Some have deployed the idea of air-conditioning addiction. Others emphasise the enjoyable sensations associated with temporary escape. The research described in this paper sought to add some empirical depth to these discussions by combining theories of social practice with a programme of serial interviews to examine how a sample of city professionals felt about the long periods they spent inside air-conditioned offices. The rationale was that, through these means, it should be possible to identify ways of disrupting otherwise habitual indoor existences and thereby discourage people from becoming increasingly reliant upon ambient conditions that are environmentally costly to supply. Describing their passage through a typical working day, this paper focuses on the moments when it might have occurred to them to spend time outside and how certain mental and material elements combined to impede the arrival of this decision. This exercise is used to draw out suggestions about how a better relationship between professional office workers and the everyday outdoors could be encouraged. The broader conclusion is that contextual studies which examine how places and practices produce decisions, instead of assuming individual people merely make them, have their part to play in fostering positive social futures.

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