SFCL for Energy Storage Protection in a Power Distribution System

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
V. Mohanbabu ◽  
◽  
Sk. Moulali ◽  
Ju Chan Na ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Distribution System

scholarly journals Optimization of a PV-Wind Hybrid Power Supply Structure with Electrochemical Storage Intended for Supplying a Load with Known Characteristics

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6143
Author(s):  
Leszek Kasprzyk ◽  
Andrzej Tomczewski ◽  
Robert Pietracho ◽  
Agata Mielcarek ◽  
Zbigniew Nadolny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Supply Reliability

An important aspect of the off-grid utilization of hybrid generation systems is the integration of energy storage facilities into their structures, which allows for improved power supply reliability. However, this results in a significant increase in the cost of such systems. Therefore, it is justified to use optimization resulting in the minimization of the selected economic indicator taking into account the most important technical constraints. For this reason, this work proposes an algorithm to optimize the structure of a hybrid off-grid power distribution system (with electrochemical energy storage), designed to supply a load with known daily energy demand. The authors recommend genetic algorithm utilization as well as a modified criterion for evaluating the quality of solutions based on the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) index. Several technical and economic analyses were presented, including unit costs, power distribution of the wind and solar sections, nominal battery capacity, SSSI index (System Self-Sufficiency Index), etc. The model of the system includes durability of the elements which have a significant impact on the periodic battery replacement. The tests were carried out for two types of loads and two types of electrochemical batteries (NMC—Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide; and PbO2—Lead-Acid Battery), taking into account the forecast of an increased lifetime of NMC type batteries and decreasing their price within five years. The proposed synthesis method of photovoltaic-wind (PV-wind) hybrid off-line systems leads to limiting the energy capacity of electrochemical storages. Based on the analyses, the authors proposed recommended methods to improve (reduce) the value of the criterion index (LCOE) for PV-wind off-grid systems while maintaining the assumed level of power supply reliability.

scholarly journals A Generalized Model and Control forSupermagnetic and Supercapacitor EnergyStorage

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 147-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Julián Gil González ◽  
Alejandro Garcés ◽  
Andrés Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Electrical Distribution

This paper presents a generalized linear model based on LMI state-feedbackwith integral action, applicable to the control of Electric Energy Stora-ge Systems (EESS) such as Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES) and Supercapacitor Energy Storage (SCES). A Voltage SourceConverter (VSC) and a Pulse-Width modulated Current Source Converter(PWM-CSC) are respectively used to integrate the SCES and the SMESsystems to the electrical distribution system. To represent the dynamicsbetween the EESS and the power distribution system a reduced generallinear model in the state-space representation is introduced. The proposedcontrol scheme regulates independently the active and reactive power flowbetween the EESS and ac the grid. Three case scenarios comparing a con-ventional PI controller and the proposed technique are conducted conside-ring grid voltage fluctuations. Extensive time-domain simulations demons-trate the robustness and proper performance of the proposed controller to operate the EESS as power compensator, in order to improve the operativeconditions of electrical distribution systems.

Cost-Effectively Modernizing Offshore Drilling Line-Ups with DC Power Grids and Energy Storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Steenberg ◽  
Stig Settemsdal ◽  
Alf Olav Valen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Drilling Rigs

Abstract This paper outlines an approach/solution which enables offshore operators to economically upgrade (i.e., modernize) drilling drive lineups with direct current (DC) based power grids and energy storage. Many legacy drilling rigs in operation (and ones that are currently stacked/idled) utilize drilling drive technology that is currently obsolete or will be in the near future. Modernizing these rigs can often be an arduous and expensive undertaking. Most drilling setups feature lineups of individual variable frequency drives (VFDs) equipped with dedicated rectifiers, which control power output to motor/consumers, such as mud pumps, the top drive, draw works, rotary table, etc. These alternating current (AC) based setups have been used with success for decades. However, as fuel consumption and emissions, as well as space and weight, have become priorities, DC grid systems have gained interest. The solution described in this paper is designed to enable drilling rig operators to upgrade to a modern DC power distribution system using the same footprint as the existing drilling line-up and with minimal modifications to cabling. Energy storage, such as batteries or supercapacitors, can also be integrated within the footprint to enhance the performance of drilling operations – for example through peak shaving and blackout prevention. The solution/approach is highly flexible/modular and is derived from proven concept that has been deployed on hundreds of marine vessels worldwide. The paper provides a description of a solution that is being implemented on a jack-up rig in the Middle East. The new integrated drilling drive setup uses the same footprint, cable network, and communication principles as the rig's existing system and will be comparatively less costly and complicated to implement than simply swapping out existing drives (i.e., one for one replacement).

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