scholarly journals RISKS ASSESSMENT OF APPLYING UNMANNED MEANS OF WATER TRANSPORT IN THE WATER AREA

Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Karetnikov ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Kozik ◽  
Artem A. Butsanets ◽  
◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Manukovskiy ◽  
A Rubanov ◽  
N. Nedovesov

Of all the known modern types of water transport of the forest, the most promising is timber rafting, which, when used, has both positive and negative properties. Negative indicators include such indicators as: seasonality of work, since use in the winter period is impossible, loss of wood when unloading logs onto water and a raft, large dimensions, complexity of management, the need to unload a raft when unloading it. Passes through non-standard sections of the river bed and subsequent formations, special requirements for the dimensions of the waterway, speed limits and others. One of the most acute problems caused by huge hydrodynamic resistance to movement, which increases with an increase in towing speed, is the limitation of the speed of movement of the raft in the water area. In this regard, the maximum speed of the raft in calm weather reaches no more than 1 1.2 m / s, while two or more powerful tugs are involved. The limited time frame for rafting on wooden rafts is due to the flood period during the spring floods and floods, and they have fallen on hard times. Increasing the raft’s allowable towing speed will shorten the raft’s transport time. A decrease in hydrodynamic resistance when the raft is moving will increase the maximum allowable speed of its towing, which will have a positive effect on the efficiency of timber rafting. Based on the analysis of existing known designs of modern rafts, as well as methods of influencing the reduction of hydrodynamic resistance in the field of shipbuilding, a number of methods have been proposed for reducing the hydrodynamic resistance to the movement of the raft. Methods of reducing the resistance to the movement of the raft by changing the features of its formation by placing separate sections or beams in the streamlined material, the introduction of hydrodynamic fairings are considered. The proposed methods for reducing the hydrodynamic resistance can significantly increase the efficiency of timber rafting.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Ganzei ◽  
V.V. Zharikov ◽  
N.F. Pshenichnikova ◽  
A.M. Lebedev ◽  
A.G. Kiselyova ◽  
...  

Важнейшим условием достижения устойчивого развития прибрежноморского природопользования в заливе Петра Великого системы является морское пространственное планирование. Основой для этого является информация о природных комплексах территории и акватории, полученная на основе ландшафтного подхода. Ключевым районом для изучения пространственной организации ландшафтов прибрежных геоструктур стала территория острова Шкота и его подводных склонов. Для наземных ландшафтов было описано 49 наблюдательных пунктов, 4 профиля были заложены для подводных ландшафтов описано 64 наблюдательных пункта, проложено 18 профилей. Выделено 22 вида ландшафтов, из них 16 наземных, 6 подводных. Берега острова сформированы преобладанием абразивноденудационного и абразивного типов. В результате всестороннего изучения показаны особенности пространственной организации воздушных и водных природных комплексов. Особенностью исследуемой территории является экспозиция дифференциации ландшафтов между юговосточной и северозападной частями острова, обусловленная муссонной природой климата. Результаты полевых и картографических работ послужили основой для выбора зон интенсивного, умеренного и ослабленного взаимодействия наземных и подводных ландшафтов. Пространственное расположение зон взаимодействия четко иллюстрируется значительными различиями экспозиции. Результаты статистического сравнения ландшафтов суши и мелководья, окружающего остров, на основе картометрических характеристик указывают на неоднородность геоструктуры острова, обусловленную, прежде всего, сочетанием ландшафтообразующих факторов. The most important condition for achieving sustainable development of coastalmarine environmental management in Peter the Great Bay is marine spatial planning. The basis for this is information about the natural complexes of the territory and water area, obtained based on the landscape approach. The main area for studying the spatial organization of landscapes of coastal geostructures was the territory of the island of Shkota and its underwater slopes. For terrestrial landscapes, 49 observation points were described, 4 profiles were laid 64 observation points were described for underwater landscapes, 18 profiles were laid. 22 species of landscapes have been identified, of which 16 are terrestrial, 6 are underwater. The shores of the island are formed by the predominance of abrasivedenudation and abrasive types. Because of a comprehensive study, features of the spatial organization of air and aquatic natural complexes are shown. A special feature of the study area is the exposure of the differentiation of landscapes between the southeastern and northwestern parts of the island, due to the monsoon nature of the climate. The results of field and cartographic works served as the basis for selecting areas of intense, moderate and weakened interaction of land and underwater landscapes. The spatial arrangement of the interaction zones is clearly illustrated by significant differences in exposure. The results of a statistical comparison of the land and shallow water landscapes surrounding the island, based on the cartometric characteristics, indicate the heterogeneity of the islands geostructure, primarily due to the combination of landscapeforming factors.


2020 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
V. A. Minaev ◽  
◽  
N. G. Topolsky ◽  
A. O. Faddeev ◽  
R. O. Stepanov ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.


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