SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

scholarly journals Grounds for Scientific/methodic Approaches to Determination of Norms of Permissible Impacts to Offshore Sea Water Areas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Diffuse Discharge ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

Overview and analysis of contemporary scientific/methodic approaches to determination of norms of permissible adverse impacts in terms of chemical and suspended matter input to offshore sea water areas are presented. The pollutants concentration balance model correlated to the volume of sea water area under investigation with consideration of limiting conditions that provide maintaining of the marine environment normal state has been considered. Balance elements of the pollutants supplied to offshore sea water areas with industrial and domestic waste waters and with diffuse discharge, as well as pollutants input with water exchange of the calculated site with the neighboring sea range have been determined. An ecological approach to the problem of permissible impact norms based on the notions of maximal permissible ecological load, maximal permissible adverse impacts and the sea assimilation capacity has been analyzed. Grounds for the methodology of the norms determination in terms of chemical and suspended matter for certain parts of offshore sea water areas and bays with different water exchange characteristics have been provided.

scholarly journals Фенотипическая пластичность в соотношении полов у Idotea baltica basteri (Crustacea, Isopoda) в Одесском заливе Черного моря

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Varigin
Keyword(s):  
Water Exchange ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Fouling Community ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Idotea Baltica ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Exchange Intensity ◽  
Number Of Males

The degree of phenotypic plasticity in the Idotea baltica basteri Audouin, 1827 (Crustacea, Isopoda) sex ratio of the fouling community in the Odessa bay of the Black Sea was determined. The ratio of males and females in three main phenotypes of I. baltica basteri, namely: uniformis, albafusca and lineata was found. Crustaceans were collected on the underwater surface of traverses, located in three sea districts with the different degrees of water exchange intensity with the open sea. Water depth at the wall of traverses ranged from 1 to2,5 m. In the first most opened district among the individuals of uniformis phenotype the ratio of males and females was equal to 1:4, that for albafusca – 1:1,3 and lineata – 1:1. In the second area with the release of drainage waters among the individuals of uniformis phenotype this ratio was equal to 1:4,5, while the albafusca and lineata figures were 1:1,5 and 1:1, accordingly. In the third region, with the most difficult water exchange, among the individuals of phenotypes the ratios of males and females were as follows: uniformis – 1:8, albafusca – 1:2, and lineata – 1:1. When moving from the opened to semi-enclosed area among the individuals of all phenotypes there was a gradual decline in the proportion of males and accordingly, increases of the proportion of females. The greatest number of males in all areas under study is observed among the individuals of lineata phenotype, and that of females – among the individuals of uniformis phenotype. It is found that monochromatic colored females prefer to stay in the shaded places among the seagrass beds and brightly colored males usually move actively along the outside of the substrata. 

scholarly journals Anthropogenic impact on the ecological state of Kamensk-Uralsky

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Boskhaevich Boltyrov ◽  
◽  
Tatiana Sergeevna Bobina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Ecological State

Natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors determining the self-purification capacity of shallow-water marine ecosystems in relation to reduced nitrogen forms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Sovga ◽  
I. V. Mezentseva ◽  
T. V. Khmara ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen ◽  
Assimilation Capacity ◽  
Reduced Forms

The paper considers natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors that determine differences in the self-purification capacity of the Sevastopol Bay ecosystems (its western, central, eastern parts and the Yuzhnaya Bay) in relation to the reduced nitrogen forms (ammonium and nitrites) by calculating the assimilation capacity. The authors took into account the intensity of the input sources of the studied forms of nitrogen, the rate of excretion from the ecosystem, the dynamic situation in the studied water areas and in the entire bay as well as the location of recreational facilities. For the first time, the factors were assessed that provide additional input of reduced forms of nitrogen associated with hypoxia during summer water stratification in local deepened areas in the upper bottom sediment layer, taking into account their particle size distribution. Further, the authors considered accumulation of organic matter and its destruction due to oxidized nitrogen forms and formation of reduced forms thereof. The currents in the central and southern parts of the Sevastopol Bay were calculated using a hydrodynamic model. The calculation results correspond to the current system in the mentioned water areas of the bay according to in situ data at different wind situations in the region. According to the calculations, it is possible that under certain hydrometeorological situations additional amount of ammonium and nitrites would flow from the Yuzhnaya Bay into the central part of the Sevastopol Bay.

Numerical Simulation of Sloshing of Water in Ship Tanks During Sequential Ballast Water Exchange in Seaways

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Arai ◽  
Humberto S. Makiyama ◽  
Liang-Yee Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Merchant Ship ◽  
Ballast Tanks

In recent years, ballast water has been blamed for a variety of marine pollution problems, particularly for transporting harmful aquatic organisms from one part of the world to another and damaging the ecosystem of the new areas. A relatively simple mechanism to control this problem is to exchange ballast water on the high seas between ports in order to remove invasive species before the ship reaches its destination. However, some issues regarding ballast exchange on the open sea need to be addressed before this operation is introduced. One of them is the sloshing of the sea water in the ballast tank. In this paper, ballast water exchange on the open sea by means of the Sequential exchange method is simulated. Irregular seaways are generated from the ISSC spectrum, and the sloshing response of the water in the ballast tanks of a large merchant ship is numerically computed by using a finite difference code developed by the authors. The results showed that there is little possibility that severe sloshing presents a serious problem in regard to the ballast tank’s strength, especially in the case of a bulk carrier whose tanks are generally short in length, with sloshing anticipated only at the low water level.

scholarly journals Land Use Planning of Way Betung Watershed for Sustainable Water Resources Development of Bandar Lampung City

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Slamet Budi Yuwono ◽  
Naik Sinukaban ◽  
Kukuh Murtilaksono ◽  
Bunasor Sanim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Watershed Land Use ◽  
Run Off

Way Betung watershed is one of the important water resources in Lampung Province and it provides a clean water for Bandar Lampung City through a regional water supply company (PDAM). By the increase of population and economical activities of Bandar Lampung City, the need of clean water also increase, however by the time, the conditions of Way Betung watershed as water resources are declining. Therefore, to improve or to restore WayBetung watershed, a high cost is needed. The research was aimed: (a) to study the effects of Way Betung watershed land use change on the water resources of Bandar Lampung City, (b) to arrange the sustainable development of Way Betung watershed in order to maintain the availability of water resources. The sustainable developments of water resources of Way Betung watershed were arranged in five alternatives/scenarios and each alternative was related toits erosion (USLE method) and its run off volume (SCS method). The results showed that land use changes of Way Betung watershed (1991-2006) were likely to increase daily maximum discharge (Q max), to decrease daily minimum discharge (Q min), to increase fluctuation of river discharge, and to increase yearly run off coeffcient. The best sustainable development of water resources of Way Betung watershed, Lampung Province, was alternative/scenario-4 (forest as 30% of watershed areas + alley cropping in the mix garden). This alternative will decrease erosion to the level lower than tolerable soil loss and also decrease fluctuation of monthly run off.Keywords: Land use change, run off coefficient, water resources, watershed

scholarly journals Ecological State of the Eastern Sivash Waters in Early Summer of 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Borovskaya ◽  
S. S. Zhugaylo ◽  
D. O. Krivoguz ◽  
V. A. Shlyakhov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Area ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
As Species ◽  
Similar Survey

The paper studies the ecosystem of the Eastern Sivash in the context of natural and anthropogenic influence. The data collected during the expedition of the Azov-Black Sea Branch of the FSBSI “VNIRO” conducted in early summer 2020 were used as original empirical evidence. Specific features of hydrological and hydrochemical conditions, as well as species composition, distribution, and abundance of ichthyoplankton were indicated. It was shown that the values of pH, nitrates, nitrites, and phosphates did not exceed MPCs established for fishery water bodies within the entire water area under study; the range of dissolved oxygen content was wide: 3.63–9.13 mg/dm3 . By comparison of the environmental status of the biocoenoses during early summer 2020 with the data collected during a similar survey in 2019, it was found that the water temperature at site 4 is lower by 1.9–2.7 °C. Further salinization of the Sivash was recorded: the lowest salinity in 2019 ranged within 32–38 ‰ and the highest one ranged within 83–86 ‰; in 2020, these values were 36–43 ‰ and 91–97 ‰, respectively. In terms of spatial distribution, the range of the increase in salinity was 4.36–16.69 ‰, with the highest value being recorded at site 2 (11.51–16.69 ‰) and the eastern part of site 3 (13.22 ‰). To a lesser extent (by 4.36–6.26 ‰), an increase in salinity was recorded at site 4 and the western part (5.27 ‰) of site 3. The results of plankton net surveys showed that ichthyoplankton was represented almost exclusively by larvae of big-scale send smelt, which had the densest distribution at site 1 at a salinity of 89 ‰, and on the border between sites 2 and 3 at a salinity of 74 ‰. The upper limit of salinity at which this fish reproduction is possible lies within the range 75–90 ‰. The absence of so-iuy mullet eggs and juveniles at a salinity higher than 32–36 ‰ in May – June of 2019–2020 during the peak of so-iuy mullet spawning does not provide a reason to include the Sivash Bay among the Azov Sea areas important for reproduction of this fish species

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