scholarly journals Winckelmann in Nineveh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Le Pape
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Greek Art ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Way

By the middle of the 19th century, French and British diplomats managed excavations in the biblical land of legendary Assyrian kings, where Nineveh had been buried long before Greek classical era. Here was the opportunity to reconsider the way Winckelmann cristallised the art of Antiquity, but when Assyrian remains entered in museums, they had precisely been evaluated under the reputation of Greek art inherited from the History of the Art of Antiquity, in which few Near Eastern items were said to be the exact opposites of classical beauty: scientists questioned art values of such strange objects, and museums themselves hesitated to exhibit this unexpected heritage so close to Greek "high art" (Edmund Oldfield). However, Assyria had got too many supporters in a few years to be forgotten a second time, and instead of highlighting the value of Hellenic unrivalled items, the « chain of art » principle figured from Winckelmann was used to support how Assyrian remains, at the very end, had influenced the brighter well-known classical masterpieces.

scholarly journals Seeing the History of the Earth in the Cliffs at Møn: The Interaction between Landscape Painting and Geology in Denmark in the First Half of the 19th Century

Romantik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gry Hedin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Landscape Painting ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Advances ◽  
The Way

During the first part of the nineteenth century, geologists developed a history of the earth so different from that accepted in previous centuries that it encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between man and nature. In this article I will argue that painters followed these changes closely and that some of them let the narratives and images of geology inform the way they depicted nature. In arguing my point, I will focus on images and descriptions of the chalk cliffs on the Danish island of Møn by both geologists and painters. I will follow the scientific advances in geology by referring to the texts and images of Søren Abildgaard, Henrich Steffens, Johan Georg Forchhammer, and Christopher Puggaard, and discuss how their changing theories correspond with paintings of the cliffs by four artists: Christopher Wilhelm Eckersberg, Frederik Sødring, Louis Gurlitt, and Peter Christian Skovgaard.

scholarly journals Artists and Writers for Two Centuries in the Cultural-Religious Context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Barbakadze ◽  
Tamar Gogoladze
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Present Issue ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Artistic Talent ◽  
The Way

The history of Georgian painting is closely connected with the name of the 19th century artist Giorgi (Grigol) Maisuradze, who went through the way of demonstrating his artistic talent, from the family of peasants to the Brulov Academy and later working as a teacher of art. Giorgi Maisuradze's paintings are preserved in various museums in Kutaisi, and his following biography with his family and descendants still creates an interesting cultural gallery where famous Georgian artists, writers and scientists are presented. The artist's works has been thoroughly studied by an art critic Shalva Kvaskhkadze, and the present issue is from the history of Georgian culture.

scholarly journals O Santo Ofício em Portugal e a narrativa crítica de Alexandre Herculano em relação à Inquisição / The Holy Office in Portugal and the Critical Narrative of Alexandre Herculaneum in Relation to the Inquisition

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (64) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Felipe Dos Santos Matias
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Work History ◽  
Second Moment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jose Saramago ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

Resumo: O presente artigo estuda, inicialmente, o Santo Ofício português – iniciado em 1536 e oficialmente extinto apenas no século XIX, em 1821 –, procurando abordar alguns aspectos históricos, sociais, políticos e culturais decorrentes do funcionamento do tribunal inquisitorial em solo luso. Para tanto, dialoga-se com historiadores e intelecuais como António Baião, Anita Novinsky, António Sérgio, Lana Lage da Gama Lima, Giuseppe Marcocci, José Pedro Paiva, Toby Green, António José Saraiva, Eduardo Lourenço, dentre outros. Em um segundo momento do estudo, analisa-se a obra História da origem e estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal (1854), de Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877), buscando-se evidenciar a forma pela qual a narrativa historiográfica herculaniana constituiu um discurso crítico em relação à institucionalização da Inquisição no reino português – durante a monarquia de D. João III – e aos laços estreitos entre os poderes real e religioso.Palavras-chave: Inquisição; Portugal; Alexandre Herculano.Abstract: This article initially studies the Portuguese Holy Office - which began in 1536 and was officially extinguished only in the 19th century, in 1821 - and seeks to address some historical, social, political and cultural aspects arising from the operation of the Inquisitorial Court on Portuguese soil. To do so, it dialogues with historians and intellectuals such as António Baião, Anita Novinsky, António Sérgio, Lana Lage da Gama Lima, Giuseppe Marcocci, José Pedro Paiva, Toby Green, António José Saraiva, Eduardo Lourenço, among others. In a second moment of study, the work History of the origin and establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal (1854), by Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877), is analyzed, seeking to highlight the way in which the herculanian historiographic narrative constituted a discursive criticism in relation to the institutionalization of the Inquisition in the Portuguese kingdom – during the monarchy of D. João III – and to the close ties between the real and religious powers.Keywords:Inquisition; Portugal; Alexandre Herculano.Resumo: O presente artigo[1] estuda, inicialmente, o Santo Ofício português – iniciado em 1536 e oficialmente extinto apenas no século XIX, em 1821 –, procurando abordar alguns aspectos históricos, sociais, políticos e culturais decorrentes do funcionamento do tribunal inquisitorial em solo luso. Para tanto, dialoga-se com historiadores e intelecuais como António Baião, Anita Novinsky, António Sérgio, Lana Lage da Gama Lima, Giuseppe Marcocci, José Pedro Paiva, Toby Green, António José Saraiva, Eduardo Lourenço, dentre outros. Em um segundo momento do estudo, analisa-se a obra História da origem e estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal (1854), de Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877), buscando-se evidenciar a forma pela qual a narrativa historiográfica herculaniana constituiu um discurso crítico em relação à institucionalização da Inquisição no reino português – durante a monarquia de D. João III – e aos laços estreitos entre os poderes real e religioso.Palavras-chave: Inquisição; Portugal; Alexandre Herculano.Abstract: This article initially studies the Portuguese Holy Office - which began in 1536 and was officially extinguished only in the 19th century, in 1821 - and seeks to address some historical, social, political and cultural aspects arising from the operation of the Inquisitorial Court on Portuguese soil. To do so, it dialogues with historians and intellectuals such as António Baião, Anita Novinsky, António Sérgio, Lana Lage da Gama Lima, Giuseppe Marcocci, José Pedro Paiva, Toby Green, António José Saraiva, Eduardo Lourenço, among others. In a second moment of study, the work History of the origin and establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal (1854), by Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877), is analyzed, seeking to highlight the way in which the herculanian historiographic narrative constituted a discursive criticism in relation to the institutionalization of the Inquisition in the Portuguese kingdom – during the monarchy of D. João III – and to the close ties between the real and religious powers.Keywords: Inquisition; Portugal; Alexandre Herculano.[1] Este estudo é parte da tese As representações da Inquisição nos discursos historiográfico de Alexandre Herculano e literário de José Saramago, defendida em 2014, na UFJF. 

John Andrew Gallagher 1919–1980

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Darwin
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Way

John Andrew Gallagher, in collaboration with Ronald Robinson, published ‘The Imperialism of Free Trade’, a manifesto of startling originality on the pattern of British expansion in the 19th century, and the way that it ought to be studied. It is perhaps the most widely read essay on modern imperialism, whose phrases and concepts have been bandied about, not just by historians, but by sociologists, political scientists, and students of international relations, for the last forty years. Gallagher and Robinson also wrote Africa and the Victorians (1961), a large-scale assault on the conventional history of the African Scramble and of European imperialism more generally.

scholarly journals Understanding Gender and Character Agency in the 19th Century Novel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Jockers ◽  
Gabi Kirilloff
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Joseph Campbell ◽  
Literary Character ◽  
Fixed Set ◽  
Character Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Vladimir Propp ◽  
The Way ◽  
Character Types

The relationship between character identity and character action is an established topic of literary study. In Morphology of the Folktale, Vladimir Propp argues against the separation of "who acts" from "the question of the actions themselves," instead advocating an approach that studies characters according to their functions. Similarly, the notion of the literary archetype, as influenced by both Joseph Campbell and Carl Jung, highlights the way in which what characters do influences the way we perceive who characters are. The notion of literary stereotypes is also tied to this discussion. As Bamman, O'Connor, and Smith observe in their study of personas in film, stereotypical characters are "defined by a fixed set of actions widely known to be representative of a class." While actions are only one part of a complex network of descriptive tools that authors may use to create characters, they may offer us a useful insight into the way that certain behaviors can align with various character identity traits in literature. A study of character action may serve as a proxy to not only demarcate character types, but also to investigate what behaviors, and types of behaviors, were conventionally aligned with different groups of characters. Bamman, Underwood, and Smith (2014) attempt something similar in "A Bayesian Mixed Effects Model of Literary Character." In that work, the authors focus on modeling specific character "personas" by studying semantically related words that occur in proximity to character mentions. The authors note that "articulating what a true 'persona' might be for characters is inherently problematic" and they acknowledge that the "personas learned so far [by their model] do not align neatly with character types known to literary historians." Nevertheless, their study revealed compelling associations between certain personas and certain genres and, more importantly for our current research, that certain personas were "clearly gendered." In noting the later, the authors write that "analysis of latent character types might cast new light on the history of gender in fiction." Our work attempts a more direct and specific study of character agency in the context of character gender. To do this, we explore trends in behavior associated with male and female characters in 3,329 19th century novels.

MASJID BESAR RAJA HAJI ABDUL GHANI PULAU BURU KEPULAUAN RIAU

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurman Kholis
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
District Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Buddhists ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Level Government

Abstract. Many Muslims in the Riau Islands do not know the history of the development of Islamic theory from the center of power to spread to various corners. This is as the existence of the Great Mosque of Raja Haji Abdul Ghani (MBRHAG) on Buru Island, Karimun. Thus, to uncover the existence of this mosque, qualitative research methods are used so that history, architecture, and socio-religious functions can be known. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the establishment of MBRHAG was initiated by Raja Haji Abdul Ghani. He was the first Amir (sub-district level government) of the kingdom of Riau-Lingga on Buru Island, in the 19th century. The architecture is a Chinese. Therefore, on the right side of this mosque is around 200 m, there is also the Sam Po Teng Temple and the Tri Dharma Dewa Bumi. Thus, the close location of the mosque with Chinese and Confucian worship houses's shows a harmonious relationship between Malay Muslims and Chinese Buddhists. In fact, in the continuation of this relationship there was information that a Chinese Buddhist had joined a Muslim friend to fast for half a month of Ramadan.Keywords: Mosque, Malay Muslims, Chinese Buddhists/Confucians, Harmonious RelationsAbstrak. Umat Islam di Kepulauan Riau banyak yang tidak mengenal sejarah perkembangan ajaran Islam dari pusat kekuasaan hingga tersebar ke berbagai pelosok. Hal ini sebagaimana keberadaan Masjid Besar Raja Haji Abdul Ghani (MBRHAG) di Pulau Buru, Karimun. Dengan demikian, untuk mengungkapkan keberadaan masjid ini digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif  agar dapat diketahui sejarah, arsitektur, dan fungsi sosial keagamaannya.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pendirian MBRHAG diprakarsai oleh Raja Haji Abdul Ghani. Ia adalah Amir (pemerintah setingkat kecamatan) pertama kerajaan Riau-Lingga di Pulau Buru, pada abad ke-19. Adapun arsitekturnya adalah seorang Tionghoa. Karena itu, di sebelah kanan masjid ini sekitar 200 m juga terdapat Kelenteng Sam Po Teng dan cetya Tri Dharma Dewa Bumi. Dengan demikian, dekatnya lokasi masjid dengan rumah ibadah umat Tionghoa dan Khonghucu ini menunjukkan hubungan yang harmonis antara muslim Melayu dengan Budhis Tionghoa. Bahkan, dalam kelangsungan hubungan ini terdapat informasi seorang Buddhis Tionghoa pernah ikut temannya yang beragama muslim untuk berpuasa selama setengah bulan Ramadhan.Kata Kunci: Masjid, Muslim Melayu, Buddhis/Khonghucu Tionghoa, Hubungan Harmonis

On the nature of chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Scerri
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Of Chemistry ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Fundamental Unity ◽  
The 19Th Century

<span>The very nature of chemistry presents us with a tension. A tension between the exhilaration of diversity of substances and forms on the one hand and the safety of fundamental unity on the other. Even just the recent history of chemistry has been al1 about this tension, from the debates about Prout's hypothesis as to whether there is a primary matter in the 19th century to the more recent speculations as to whether computers will enable us to virtually dispense with experimental chemistry.</span>

Bonobos

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

This is a comprehensive, illustrated catalogue of the 200+ marine chronometers in the collections of Royal Museums Greenwich. Every chronometer has been completely dismantled, studied and recorded, and illustrations include especially commissioned line drawings as well as photographs. The collection is also used to illustrate a newly researched and up-to-date chapter describing the history of the marine chronometer, so the book is much more than simply a catalogue. The history chapter naturally includes the story of John Harrison’s pioneering work in creating the first practical marine timekeepers, all four of which are included in the catalogue, newly photographed and described in minute detail for the first time. In fact full technical and historical data are provided for all of the marine chronometers in the collection, to an extent never before attempted, including biographical details of every maker represented. A chapter describes how the 19th century English chronometer was manufactured, and another provides comprehensive and logically arranged information on how to assess and date a given marine chronometer, something collectors and dealers find particularly difficult. For further help in identification of chronometers, appendices include a pictorial record of the number punches used by specific makers to number their movements, and the maker’s punches used by the rough movement makers. There is also a close-up pictorial guide to the various compensation balances used in chronometers in the collection, a technical Glossary of terms used in the catalogue text and a concordance of the various inventory numbers used in the collection over the years.

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