Antidepressants Not Effective in Headache Associated with Minor Closed Head Injury

The author compared the response to amitriptyline in headache associated with depression between twelve patients having primary depression (control group) and ten patients with depression after minor closed head injury. In the primary depression group, there was significant reduction in headache and improvement in depression. The minor closed head injury group did not show significant reduction in headache or improvement in depression. The latter group, upon further treatment with phenelzine also showed no reduction in headache or improvement in depression. Results of this study question the earlier reports of the usefulness of amitriptyline in chronic muscle contraction headache and depression associated with minor closed head injury.

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Social interaction and speed of information processing following very severe head-injury

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700011120 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 175-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Hamish P. D. Godfrey ◽

Robert G. Knight ◽

Nigel V. Marsh ◽

Bernadette Moroney ◽

Samir N. Bishara

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Social Interaction ◽

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Personality Change ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Data ◽

Speed Of Information Processing ◽

Injury Group ◽

Closed Head

SynopsisEighteen adults who had suffered a very severe closed head-injury more than 18 months previously and required long-term rehabilitative support were compared with a closely matched control group. Unlike previous studies, which have reported negative personality change involving an increase in aversive behaviour, our behavioural observation data suggest that a global reduction in behavioural productivity, or negative symptomatology, characterizes social interaction by this group. This resulted in their being judged less socially skilled, less likeable and less interesting, and thus less reinforcing to interact with. Speed of information processing was specifically impaired for the closed head-injury group, although this did not correlate with global behavioural ratings of social interaction behaviour. It is suggested that low behavioural productivity may be associated with family burden, and that the low quantity of social interaction experienced by severely head-injured adults may reflect the unreinforcing nature of their interactions.

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A prospective analysis of the recovery of attention following pediatric head injury

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617799511077 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 48-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

CATHY CATROPPA ◽

VICKI ANDERSON ◽

ROBYN STARGATT

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Severe Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Prospective Analysis ◽

Speed Of Processing ◽

Pediatric Head Injury ◽

Injury Group ◽

Closed Head ◽

Ongoing Development ◽

Over Time

Little is known about specific attentional sequelae following a closed head injury, their pattern of recovery or their interaction with ongoing development. The present study examined attentional abilities in a group of children who had sustained a mild, moderate, or severe head injury. Results showed that the severe head injury group exhibited greater deficits on a number of attentional measures at acute and 6 months postinjury phases, in comparison to children in the mild and moderate head injury groups. Specifically, deficits were most evident on timed tasks where speed of processing was an integral component. Difficulties persisted to at least 6 months postinjury and so may lead to cumulative deficits over time. (JINS, 1999, 5, 48–57.)

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WAIS Performance during the Acute Recovery Stage following Closed-Head Injury

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.99 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 99-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert E. Correll ◽

Shirley E Brodginski ◽

Saundra F. Rokosz

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Psychiatric Inpatients ◽

Control Group ◽

Head Injured ◽

Closed Head ◽

Information Processing Deficits ◽

Injured Patients

WAIS profiles of 50 acute closed head-injured patients were examined and compared with those of 40 psychiatric inpatients. Patients with moderate and severe, but not with mild, head injury differed significantly from the control group on level of subtest performance. There was no significant interaction of group by subtest. The groups also differed significantly on a measure of between-subtest scatter. Discriminant function analysis incorporating measures of within-subtest scatter correctly classified 89% of all subjects. Within the head-injured group Similarities and Block Design scores were elevated, and the Digit Symbol score depressed. These results indicate that closed head-injured patients can be discriminated from psychiatric inpatients on the basis of WAIS performance, but that they do not necessarily show a characteristic WAIS profile. Within-subtest scatter may indicate information-processing deficits.

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The relationship between intelligence and memory following minor or mild closed head injury: greater impairment in memory than intelligence

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1991.75.3.0378 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 378-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Stuart Hall ◽

Robert A. Bornstein

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Control Group ◽

Adult Intelligence Scale ◽

Content Type ◽

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽

Wechsler Memory Scale ◽

Closed Head ◽

Performance Patterns ◽

Wechsler Adult Intelligence

✓ This study investigated the performance of patients with minor or mild closed head injury and age/education-matched normal controls on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) and the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). The results demonstrated that the control group had significantly higher scores than the patients with closed head injury on all WAIS-R and WMS-R index scores. Further analysis revealed that the patients with closed head injury showed a greater impairment in delayed memory when directly compared to intellectual performance that was not seen in the control group. These results are discussed in relation to findings in patients with more severe closed head injury, the construction of the WAIS-R and the WMS-R, and the performance patterns of the two groups.

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Prospective Memory in Patients with Severe Closed-Head Injury: Role of Concurrent Activity and Encoding Instructions

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2010/163605 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3-4) ◽

pp. 101-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giovanni A. Carlesimo ◽

Rita Formisano ◽

Umberto Bivona ◽

Lina Barba ◽

Carlo Caltagirone

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Normal Control ◽

Prospective Memory ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Normal Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Attentional Resources ◽

Closed Head ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Event Based

Objectives:To assess the sensitivity of patients who suffered a severe closed-head injury to the manipulation of attentional resources and encoding instructions during the execution of prospective memory tasks.Material and Methods:A group of patients with chronic sequelae of severe closed-head injury and a group of matched normal controls were given an experimental procedure for the assessment of time-based and event-based prospective memory. Availability of attentional resources at the time of intention recall and encoding conditions at the time of giving instructions were varied across experimental sessions.Results:The simultaneous execution of a concurrent task was more detrimental to accuracy in the spontaneous recall of the prospective intention in the post-traumatic than in the normal control group. Moreover, the instruction to encode more extensively by rehearsing aloud and mentally imaging the actions to be performed at the time of the study improved recall accuracy more in the post-traumatic than in the normal control group.Conclusions:Based on these data, we suggest that a prospective memory deficit in post-traumatic patients is due, among other things, to reduced availability of attentional resources and to poor encoding of actions to be performed.

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Avalanche trauma and closed head injury: Adding insult to injury

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e439222008-006 ◽

2002 ◽

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Closed Head

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The Management of Minor Closed Head Injury in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.106.6.1524 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 106 (6) ◽

pp. 1524-1525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. M. A. LeBlanc; ◽

J. B. Coombs ◽

R. Davis

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Closed Head

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Management of Minor Closed Head Injury in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.107.5.1231 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 107 (5) ◽

pp. 1231-1231 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. J. Smally; ◽

J. B. Coombs ◽

R. Davis

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Closed Head

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Differences between open and closed head injury: evaluation of weight-drop model in experimental traumatic brain injury

Intrinsic Activity ◽

10.25006/ia.5.s2-a2.22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (Suppl. 2) ◽

pp. A2.22

Author(s):

Einars Kupats

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Closed Head ◽

Weight Drop ◽

Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

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Differential Leukocyte and Platelet Profiles in Distinct Models of Traumatic Brain Injury

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10030500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

William Brad Hubbard ◽

Meenakshi Banerjee ◽

Hemendra Vekaria ◽

Kanakanagavalli Shravani Prakhya ◽

Smita Joshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Head Injury ◽

Closed Head Injury ◽

Diffuse Brain Injury ◽

Blood Brain ◽

Closed Head ◽

Leukocyte Counts ◽

Neutrophil Aggregation ◽

Blood Leukocyte

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects over 3 million individuals every year in the U.S. There is growing appreciation that TBI can produce systemic modifications, which are in part propagated through blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and blood–brain cell interactions. As such, platelets and leukocytes contribute to mechanisms of thromboinflammation after TBI. While these mechanisms have been investigated in experimental models of contusion brain injury, less is known regarding acute alterations following mild closed head injury. To investigate the role of platelet dynamics and bioenergetics after TBI, we employed two distinct, well-established models of TBI in mice: the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of contusion brain injury and the closed head injury (CHI) model of mild diffuse brain injury. Hematology parameters, platelet-neutrophil aggregation, and platelet respirometry were assessed acutely after injury. CCI resulted in an early drop in blood leukocyte counts, while CHI increased blood leukocyte counts early after injury. Platelet-neutrophil aggregation was altered acutely after CCI compared to sham. Furthermore, platelet bioenergetic coupling efficiency was transiently reduced at 6 h and increased at 24 h post-CCI. After CHI, oxidative phosphorylation in intact platelets was reduced at 6 h and increased at 24 h compared to sham. Taken together, these data demonstrate that brain trauma initiates alterations in platelet-leukocyte dynamics and platelet metabolism, which may be time- and injury-dependent, providing evidence that platelets carry a peripheral signature of brain injury. The unique trend of platelet bioenergetics after two distinct types of TBI suggests the potential for utilization in prognosis.

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