scholarly journals Peer Support in Mental Health: Literature Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham A Hameed Shalaby ◽  
Vincent I O Agyapong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care System

BACKGROUND A growing gap has emerged between people with mental illness and health care professionals, which in recent years has been successfully closed through the adoption of peer support services (PSSs). Peer support in mental health has been variously defined in the literature and is simply known as the help and support that people with lived experience of mental illness or a learning disability can give to one another. Although PSSs date back to several centuries, it is only in the last few decades that these services have formally evolved, grown, and become an integral part of the health care system. Debates around peer support in mental health have been raised frequently in the literature. Although many authors have emphasized the utmost importance of incorporating peer support into the health care system to instill hope; to improve engagement, quality of life, self-confidence, and integrity; and to reduce the burden on the health care system, other studies suggest that there are neutral effects from integrating PSSs into health care systems, with a probable waste of resources. OBJECTIVE In this general review, we aimed to examine the literature, exploring the evolution, growth, types, function, generating tools, evaluation, challenges, and the effect of PSSs in the field of mental health and addiction. In addition, we aimed to describe PSSs in different, nonexhaustive contexts, as shown in the literature, that aims to draw attention to the proposed values of PSSs in such fields. METHODS The review was conducted through a general search of the literature on MEDLINE, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Scopus, Chemical Abstracts, and PsycINFO. Search terms included peer support, peer support in mental health, social support, peer, family support, and integrated care. RESULTS There is abundant literature defining and describing PSSs in different contexts as well as tracking their origins. Two main transformational concepts have been described, namely, intentional peer support and transformation from patients to peer support providers. The effects of PSSs are extensive and integrated into different fields, such as forensic PSSs, addiction, and mental health, and in different age groups and mental health condition severity. Satisfaction of and challenges to PSS integration have been clearly dependent on a number of factors and consequently impact the future prospect of this workforce. CONCLUSIONS There is an internationally growing trend to adopt PSSs within addiction and mental health services, and despite the ongoing challenges, large sections of the current literature support the inclusion of peer support workers in the mental health care workforce. The feasibility and maintenance of a robust PSS in health care would only be possible through collaborative efforts and ongoing support and engagement from all health care practitioners, managers, and other stakeholders.

scholarly journals Peer Support in Mental Health: Literature Review

10.2196/15572 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e15572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham A Hameed Shalaby ◽  
Vincent I O Agyapong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care System

Background A growing gap has emerged between people with mental illness and health care professionals, which in recent years has been successfully closed through the adoption of peer support services (PSSs). Peer support in mental health has been variously defined in the literature and is simply known as the help and support that people with lived experience of mental illness or a learning disability can give to one another. Although PSSs date back to several centuries, it is only in the last few decades that these services have formally evolved, grown, and become an integral part of the health care system. Debates around peer support in mental health have been raised frequently in the literature. Although many authors have emphasized the utmost importance of incorporating peer support into the health care system to instill hope; to improve engagement, quality of life, self-confidence, and integrity; and to reduce the burden on the health care system, other studies suggest that there are neutral effects from integrating PSSs into health care systems, with a probable waste of resources. Objective In this general review, we aimed to examine the literature, exploring the evolution, growth, types, function, generating tools, evaluation, challenges, and the effect of PSSs in the field of mental health and addiction. In addition, we aimed to describe PSSs in different, nonexhaustive contexts, as shown in the literature, that aims to draw attention to the proposed values of PSSs in such fields. Methods The review was conducted through a general search of the literature on MEDLINE, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Scopus, Chemical Abstracts, and PsycINFO. Search terms included peer support, peer support in mental health, social support, peer, family support, and integrated care. Results There is abundant literature defining and describing PSSs in different contexts as well as tracking their origins. Two main transformational concepts have been described, namely, intentional peer support and transformation from patients to peer support providers. The effects of PSSs are extensive and integrated into different fields, such as forensic PSSs, addiction, and mental health, and in different age groups and mental health condition severity. Satisfaction of and challenges to PSS integration have been clearly dependent on a number of factors and consequently impact the future prospect of this workforce. Conclusions There is an internationally growing trend to adopt PSSs within addiction and mental health services, and despite the ongoing challenges, large sections of the current literature support the inclusion of peer support workers in the mental health care workforce. The feasibility and maintenance of a robust PSS in health care would only be possible through collaborative efforts and ongoing support and engagement from all health care practitioners, managers, and other stakeholders.

scholarly journals Looking beyond Administrative Health Care Data: The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Predicting Future High-cost Patients with Mental Health and Addiction: Voir au-delà des données administratives des soins de santé : le rôle du statut socio-économique pour prédire les patients à coût élevé en santé mentale et dépendance

2021 ◽  
pp. 070674372110048
Author(s):  
Claire de Oliveira ◽  
Luke Mondor ◽  
Walter P. Wodchis ◽  
Laura C. Rosella
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Health Care Data ◽  
Care System

Introduction: Previous research has shown that the socioeconomic status (SES)–health gradient also extends to high-cost patients; however, little work has examined high-cost patients with mental illness and/or addiction. The objective of this study was to examine associations between individual-, household- and area-level SES factors and future high-cost use among these patients. Methods: We linked survey data from adult participants (ages 18 and older) of 3 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey to administrative health care data from Ontario, Canada. Respondents with mental illness and/or addiction were identified based on prior mental health and addiction health care use and followed for 5 years for which we ascertained health care costs covered under the public health care system. We quantified associations between SES factors and becoming a high-cost patient (i.e., transitioning into the top 5%) using logistic regression models. For ordinal SES factors, such as income, education and marginalization variables, we measured absolute and relative inequalities using the slope and relative index of inequality. Results: Among our sample, lower personal income (odds ratio [ OR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54 to 2.88, for CAD$0 to CAD$14,999), lower household income ( OR = 2.11, 95% CI, 1.49 to 2.99, for lowest income quintile), food insecurity ( OR = 1.87, 95% CI, 1.38 to 2.55) and non-homeownership ( OR = 1.34, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.66), at the individual and household levels, respectively, and higher residential instability (OR = 1.72, 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.42, for most marginalized), at the area level, were associated with higher odds of becoming a high-cost patient within a 5-year period. Moreover, the inequality analysis suggested pro-high-SES gradients in high-cost transitions. Conclusions: Policies aimed at high-cost patients with mental illness and/or addiction, or those concerned with preventing individuals with these conditions from becoming high-cost patients in the health care system, should also consider non-clinical factors such as income as well as related dimensions including food security and homeownership.

The Role of Psychology in Emerging Federal Health-care Plans

2010 ◽  
pp. 168-183
Author(s):  
Antonette M. Zeiss ◽  
Bradley E. Karlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Professional Psychology ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Mental Health Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Professional psychology plays a prominent role at a number of key levels in the federal mental health-care system. This chapter examines the increasing impact professional psychology has had in recent years on two major and evolving federal mental health-care systems: the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and the Medicare program. Within the VHA, professional psychology has helped to promote the expansion and transformation of evidence-based and recovery-oriented mental health care at the levels of policy, practice, and research. As the largest integrated health-care system in the nation, mental health-care transformation within the VHA and psychology’s contributions to this major effort may help to inform other private and public mental health-care systems. Similarly, important changes within the Medicare program designed to promote mental health-care access, coverage, and quality portend that professional psychology will have an increasingly prominent role within Medicare. These developments provide unprecedented opportunities for psychologists to influence the future practice of psychology and the mental health-care landscape of the nation.

scholarly journals Nurses as advocates between western and traditional wealth practices in RSA

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Valerie Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

The RSA, like most African countries, have two health care systems. The most visible one is the Westernised hospital and/or clinic based treatment of diseases. This system was introduced by the colonisers and perpetuated by the current formal education programmes of most health care professionals in the RSA. Traditional African medicine has existed since time immemorial and continues to treat vast numbers of people. Both these health care systems will be briefly discussed. Then the role of nurses in the RSA's health care system(s) will be examined. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

scholarly journals Baby Steps to a Learning Mental Health Care System: Can we do the Work?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Shiner ◽  
Bradley V Watts
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Mental Health Care System ◽  
Care System

Abstract There are an infinite number of small decisions to be made in routine clinical practice, and most will never be the subject of prospective research studies. Rather than making these decisions arbitrarily, learning health care systems leverage experience represented by electronic health record data and other sources to inform decision making and improve clinical practice. While this approach has been elusive in mental health, Coulombe et al. (AJE-00362-2020.R3) use British National Health Service data to evaluate a decision rule for antidepressant choice created using dynamic weighted survival modeling. Though the results are equivocal in this use case, the work suggests a path forward for data-driven decision making in routine mental health care. Such approaches will be required to set the stage for a learning mental health care system.

Spider in a Jar: Women Who Have Recovered From Psychosis and Their Experience of the Mental Health Care System

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Hagen ◽  
Gary Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Psychotic Experience ◽  
Mental Health Care System ◽  
Care System

A growing body of literature has documented considerable dissatisfaction with the mental health care system among people who use mental health services. This article adds to this literature by reporting on the results of qualitative interviews done with 18 women who had recovered from some form of transformative psychotic experience and were willing to share their experiences with the mental health care system. The participants unanimously felt that their experiences with the mental health system were very negative and detrimental to their overall healing and recovery process. Four main themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts: (1) “the label factory,” which described the capricious and destructive nature of the psychiatric diagnoses they received; (2) “invalidated and unheard,” which described how little the women’s voices seemed to matter to the mental health care professionals caring for them; (3) “violence and violations,” which described the loss of free will and dignity the women experienced during inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations; and (4) “smashing the jar,” which described the hopes and dreams these women had for changing the way people receive mental health care. The implications of these findings for mental health practice are discussed.

scholarly journals The challenges of physiotherapy discipline in the Iranian health system from the perspective of clinical faculties

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2132-2135
Author(s):  
Samaneh Rahmani ◽  
Peigham Heidarpoor ◽  
Soleiman Ahmady ◽  
Lida Shams
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Purpose: This study aimed to gain insight into physical therapy clinician faculties' perspectives on the perceived challenges of physical therapy in Iranian health care systems. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach consisting of semi-structured face-to-face or telephone interviews was used. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and checked by interviewers to ensure trustworthiness. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Eight participants were interviewed, representing physiotherapists from diverse demographics and geographical regions in Iran. Our 3 key findings were (1) revision of physical therapists curriculum (2) promotion of physical therapists, authority (3) successful coordination of physical therapist in the Iranian health care system, especially primary health care. Conclusions: Physical therapy and physical therapists in Iranian health care system faced many challenges ranging from individual to policy levels. The success of physical therapy would be enhanced by a greater understanding of the role of physiotherapy in Iranian health care system by physiotherapists, other health care professionals, and policymakers. Keywords: Interdisciplinary health team, physical therapy, Iranian health care system

The Role of Psychology in Emerging Federal Health-care Plans

2014 ◽  
pp. 168-184
Author(s):  
Antonette M. Zeiss ◽  
Bradley E. Karlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Professional Psychology ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Mental Health Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Professional psychology plays a prominent role at a number of key levels in the federal mental health-care system. This chapter examines the increasing impact professional psychology has had in recent years on two major and evolving federal mental health-care systems: the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and the Medicare program. Within the VHA, professional psychology has helped to promote the expansion and transformation of evidence-based and recovery-oriented mental health care at the levels of policy, practice, and research. As the largest integrated health-care system in the nation, mental health-care transformation within the VHA and psychology’s contributions to this major effort may help to inform other private and public mental health-care systems. Similarly, important changes within the Medicare program designed to promote mental health-care access, coverage, and quality portend that professional psychology will have an increasingly prominent role within Medicare. These developments provide unprecedented opportunities for psychologists to influence the future practice of psychology and the mental health-care landscape of the nation.

scholarly journals Health care professionals’ perspectives on physical activity within the Ugandan mental health care system

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mugisha ◽  
Marc De Hert ◽  
Birthe Loa Knizek ◽  
Japheth Kwiringira ◽  
Eugene Kinyanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Care System ◽  
Care System
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