Auditory Brainstem Response as a Diagnostic Tool for Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder: Protocol

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performances of two auditory brainstem response (ABR) profiling tests as potential biomarkers and diagnostic support for schizophrenia and adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), respectively, in an investigator-initiated blinded study design.MethodMale and female patients with schizophrenia (n=26) and adult ADHD (n=24) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic criteria and healthy controls (n=58) comprised the analysis set (n=108) of the total number of study participants (n=119). Coded sets of randomized ABR recordings were analysed by an independent party blinded to clinical diagnoses before a joint code-breaking session.ResultsThe ABR profiling test for schizophrenia identified schizophrenia patients versus controls with a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 93.1%. The ADHD test identified patients with adult ADHD versus controls with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 91.4%.ConclusionThe ABR profiling tests discriminated schizophrenia and ADHD versus healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity. The methods deserve to be further explored in larger clinical studies including a broad range of psychiatric disorders to determine their utility as potential diagnostic biomarkers.

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The Effect of Methylphenidate on the Hearing of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1605367 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (03) ◽

pp. 220-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Onur İsmi ◽

Veli Yildirim ◽

Yusuf Vayisoglu ◽

Anis Togrul ◽

Fevziye Toros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Side Effects ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Auditory Brainstem ◽

Speech Discrimination ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Brainstem Response

Introduction There has been a sudden idiopathic hearing loss case presented after methylphenidate treatment in a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective This study was performed to reveal the probable ototoxic side effects of methylphenidate use in patients with ADHD. Methods Thirty pediatric patients with ADHD were included in the study. Pure tone audiometry, speech discrimination scores, waves I, III, V absolute latencies and waves I-III, I-V, III-V interpeak latencies at the 80 dB nHL intensity after click stimulus auditory brainstem response (ABR) results were compared before and 3 months after methylphenidate treatment. Results There were no statistically significant difference between pretreatment and posttreatment pure tone and speech audiometry findings and ABR results (p > 0.05 for all parameters). Conclusion Methylphenidate can be regarded as a safe drug regarding ototoxic side effects. Additional studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up may be needed.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Comparative mortality risk in adult patients with schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder participating in psychopharmacology clinical trials.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718106482.793483712 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Driss Moussaoui ◽

Adil Khoubila

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Neural correlates of response inhibition in pediatric bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.8164974.8606054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Dickstein ◽

Rebecca Siegel

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Response Inhibition ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring of parents with depression and bipolar disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721001951 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

L. Propper ◽

A. Sandstrom ◽

S. Rempel ◽

E. Howes Vallis ◽

S. Abidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Background Offspring of parents with major mood disorders (MDDs) are at increased risk for early psychopathology. We aim to compare the rates of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and controls. Method We established a lifetime diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders [attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder, communication disorders, intellectual disabilities, specific learning disorders, and motor disorders] using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime Version in 400 participants (mean age 11.3 + s.d. 3.9 years), including 93 offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 182 offspring of parents with major depressive disorder, and 125 control offspring of parents with no mood disorder. Results Neurodevelopmental disorders were elevated in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder [odds ratio (OR) 2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23–4.47, p = 0.010] and major depressive disorder (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.03–3.39, p = 0.035) compared to controls. This difference was driven by the rates of ADHD, which were highest among offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (30.1%), intermediate in offspring of parents with major depressive disorder (24.2%), and lowest in controls (14.4%). There were no significant differences in frequencies of other neurodevelopmental disorders between the three groups. Chronic course of mood disorder in parents was associated with higher rates of any neurodevelopmental disorder and higher rates of ADHD in offspring. Conclusions Our findings suggest monitoring for ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring of parents with MDDs may be indicated to improve early diagnosis and treatment.

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