scholarly journals Method for Evaluating Motor Synchronization and Short-term Motor Memory Based on Forearm Synchronization Process to Sinusoidal Motion Visual Stimulus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (0) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Kyota Aoki ◽  
Kenji Niijima ◽  
Tsutomu Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Synchronization Process ◽  
Sinusoidal Motion

Inter-Repetition Interval in Short-Term Motor Memory

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Marshall ◽  
Susan L. Wyatt ◽  
Shirley A. Moore ◽  
Stephen E. Sigman
Keyword(s):  
Short Interval ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Motor Movement ◽  
Repetition Interval ◽  
Improved Accuracy

An investigation was conducted to ascertain the influence of the duration of the time interval between successive repetitions of a discrete motor movement in a short-term motor memory paradigm. With one repetition a long interval increased error relative to a short interval. The opposite was true for seven repetitions; a long interval improved accuracy. The results were discussed in terms of the “trace shrinkage” hypothesis and compared with those from similar studies using verbal responses.

Interpolated Activity in Short-Term Motor Memory

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Stelmach ◽  
Julie L. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Memory Trace ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Kinesthetic Information ◽  
With Memory

Retention of kinesthetic information from blind positioning responses was examined for 56 Ss. During a 30-sec. retention interval, half of the Ss sat quietly with their hands on the lever; the other half learned an interpolated target which required an antagonistic response. Both conditions showed significant amounts of forgetting. The mean differences between conditions as well as the differences between correlation coefficients across retention intervals were not significant. The results were consistent with memory-trace decay predictions.

scholarly journals Preselection and response biasing in short-term motor memory

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Stelmach ◽  
J. A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Penny Dorrance McCullagh
Keyword(s):  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term

Short-Term Motor Memory in Korsakoff Patients

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laird S. Cermak ◽  
Barbara Uhly
Keyword(s):  
Motor Memory ◽  
Distractor Task ◽  
Retention Deficit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Motor Movement ◽  
Simple Motor ◽  
Motor Retention

10 amnesic alcoholic Korsakoff patients were compared with 10 chronic alcoholics for their ability to retain a simple motor movement over either a 10- or 20-sec. interval. During this interval the opportunity for rehearsal was minimized by having the patients engage in either a verbal or a motor distractor task. Under both conditions the Korsakoff patients were impaired relative to the control subjects, with very little difference between the two types of interference. It was concluded that Korsakoff patients have a short-term motor retention deficit that cannot be explained simply as an inability to mediate the task verbally.

Use of Distance and Location in Short-Term Motor Memory

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Hagman ◽  
Evelyn Williams
Keyword(s):  
Retroactive Interference ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Linear Movement ◽  
Individual Distance ◽  
Rest Condition ◽  
Motor Movements ◽  
Significant Interference

A retroactive interference paradigm was used to determine whether kinesthetic distance, location, or distance and location cues are used at recall of a blind, simple linear movement. Students performed interpolated movements which varied distance and location cues separately or jointly. Relative to a rest condition, joint distance and location interpolation produced significant interference while no significant interference was found for interpolation of individual distance or location. The results were interpreted as supporting the involvement of multiple kinesthetic cues in the establishment of memorial representations of motor movements.

The Role of Visual Feedback in Short-Term Motor Memory

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin S. Faust-Adams
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term

Digit Size in Short-Term Memory

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis H. Holding
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Error Frequency

In the course of an experiment requiring the recall of 7-digit sequences it was noted that errors appeared more likely in lists composed of the larger digits. Sub-sequent analysis confirmed that, with immediate recall, there was a significant association between error frequency and mean digit size. When recall was delayed by an unfilled interval of 6 sec., the effect was abolished. However, interfering with rehearsal by interpolating a task of motor memory may tend to reinstate the effect.

scholarly journals Skill-specific changes in cortical preparatory activity during motor learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xulu Sun ◽  
Daniel J. O’Shea ◽  
Matthew D. Golub ◽  
Eric M. Trautmann ◽  
Saurabh Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Preparatory Activity ◽  
Open Question

AbstractAnimals have a remarkable capacity to learn new motor skills, but it remains an open question as to how learning changes neural population dynamics underlying movement1. Specifically, we asked whether changes in neural population dynamics relate purely to newly learned movements or if additional patterns are generated that facilitate learning without matching motor output. We trained rhesus monkeys to learn a curl force field2 task that elicited new arm-movement kinetics for some but not all reach directions3,4. We found that along certain neural dimensions, preparatory activity in motor cortex reassociated existing activity patterns with new movements. These systematic changes were observed only for learning-altered reaches. Surprisingly, we also found prominent shifts of preparatory activity along a nearly orthogonal neural dimension. These changes in preparatory activity were observed uniformly for all reaches including those unaltered by learning. This uniform shift during learning implies formation of new neural activity patterns, which was not observed in other short-term learning contexts5–8. During a washout period when the curl field was removed, movement kinetics gradually reverted, but the learning-induced uniform shift of preparatory activity persisted and a second, orthogonal uniform shift occurred. This persistent shift may retain a motor memory of the learned field9–11, consistent with faster relearning of the same curl field observed behaviorally and neurally. When multiple different curl fields were learned sequentially, we found distinct uniform shifts, each reflecting the identity of the field applied and potentially separating the associated motor memories12,13. The neural geometry of these shifts in preparatory activity could serve to organize skill-specific changes in movement production, facilitating the acquisition and retention of a broad motor repertoire.

scholarly journals Acute Exercise as an Intervention to Trigger Motor Performance and EEG Beta Activity in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Hübner ◽  
Ben Godde ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Motor Memory ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Frontal Brain

Acute bouts of exercise have been shown to improve fine motor control performance and to facilitate motor memory consolidation processes in young adults. Exercise effects might be reflected in EEG task-related power (TRPow) decreases in the beta band (13–30 Hz) as an indicator of active motor processing. This study aimed to investigate those effects in healthy older adults. Thirty-eight participants (65–74 years of age) were assigned to an experimental (EG, acute exercise) or a control group (CG, rest). Fine motor control was assessed using a precision grip force modulation (FM) task. FM performance and EEG were measured at (1) baseline (immediately before acute exercise/rest), (2) during practice sessions immediately after, (3) 30 minutes, and (4) 24 hours (FM only) after exercise/rest. A marginal significant effect indicated that EG revealed more improvement in fine motor performance immediately after exercise than CG after resting. EG showed enhanced consolidation of short-term and long-term motor memory, whereas CG revealed only a tendency for short-term motor memory consolidation. Stronger TRPow decreases were revealed immediately after exercise in the contralateral frontal brain area as compared to the control condition. This finding indicates that acute exercise might enhance cortical activation and thus, improves fine motor control by enabling healthy older adults to better utilize existing frontal brain capacities during fine motor control tasks after exercise. Furthermore, acute exercise can act as a possible intervention to enhance motor memory consolidation in older adults.

The Temporal Placement of Interpolated Movements in Short-Term Motor Memory,

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Stelmach ◽  
Michael F. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Motor Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporal Placement
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