Spontaneously echogenic arterial blood flow in abdominal aortic aneurysms

1982 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL King ◽  
FC Van Natta ◽  
K Thorsen ◽  
RL Lechich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Mechanisms of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Persons With Traumatic Amputation of a Lower Extremity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Smolensky ◽  
Stephanie Clement-Guinaudeau ◽  
Michael K. Larche ◽  
John N. Oshinski ◽  
W. Robert Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Infrarenal Aorta ◽  
Traumatic Amputation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Retrograde Blood Flow

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. The incidence of AAA in older Americans approaches 30%. The most common place of AAA is infrarenal abdominal aorta where oscillatory shear stress (OSS) is present. OSS is known to initiate an inflammatory response in the endothelium. It is known that there is up to a 5-fold increase in the occurrence of AAA in individuals with traumatic amputation of a lower extremity. This increased AAA occurrence is unrelated to co-morbid conditions. We recruited 3 healthy volunteers who underwent infrarenal abdominal aortic Magnetic Resonance angiography and phase contrast imaging. These measurements were done at base line and with acute arterial blood flow occlusion to lower extremity with a blood pressure cuff to mimic amputation. The collected data was used to calculate systolic forward and diastolic retrograde blood flow and wall shear stress during cardiac cycle. Our results suggest that mimicking amputation produces a nearly doubling of retrograde blood flow with ∼50% increase of negative WSS. These changes are more pronounced on the contralateral to the “amputation” side. We conclude that lower extremity traumatic amputations may lead to augmentation of OSS in infrarenal aorta causing AAA development.

scholarly journals Cardiac complications and their prevention in surgery of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
A. A. Karpenko ◽  
A. M. Chernyavskiy ◽  
N. R. Rakhmetov ◽  
A. A. Dyusupov ◽  
Ye. O. Masalimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

We analyzed the data of surgical treatment of 225 patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) obtained over a period from 1998 to 2012. Depending on the tactics and methods of surgical treatment, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 included 79 patients (35,2%), who underwent open surgery for AAA with therapeutic correction of combined pathology in the blood pool of the heart. Group 2 had 118 patients (52,4%), who underwent first surgical correction of the arterial bed of the heart and then open surgery for AAA. 28 patients of Group 3 (12,4 %) also underwent first surgical correction in the arterial bed area followed, however, by endovascular repair of AAA. Preliminary surgical correction of the coronary blood flow abnormalities followed by open surgery of AAA allowed to reduce the number of myocardial infarctions in the early postoperative period from 10,1 % to 1,7% and from 12,5% to 1,3% in the long-term period, to reliably reduce perioperative mortality from 10,1% to 0,8% and to improve the actuarial 5-year survival from 77,5% to 91,3%. The absence of cardiac complications after preliminary surgical correction of the coronary blood flow and endovascular repair of AAA both during early and long-term follow-up is indicative of the benefits of this tactic, especially for the elderly with multiple co-morbidities.

A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL OF BLOOD FLOW AND AORTIC WALL STRESS IN ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS

ASAIO Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
P J Cabrales ◽  
J E Gómez ◽  
J Camacho ◽  
C Espinel ◽  
J C Briceño
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and hemorheological effects of three modified human hemoglobin solutions in hemodiluted rabbits

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Caron ◽  
Patrick Menu ◽  
Beatrice Faivre-Fiorina ◽  
Pierre Labrude ◽  
Abdu I. Alayash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Human Hemoglobin ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
High Shear Rates ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
The Impact

The cardiovascular effects of human albumin (Alb) and three human hemoglobin (Hb) solutions, dextran-benzene-tetracarboxylate Hb, αα-crosslinked Hb, and o-raffinose-polymerized Hb were compared in anesthetized rabbits undergoing acute isovolemic hemodilution with Hct reduction from 41.4 ± 2.7 to 28.8 ± 1.6%. The impact of the vasoconstricting properties of Hb was examined by measuring heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), abdominal aortic, and femoral arterial blood flow, vascular resistance (VR), and aortic distension during the first 3 h after hemodilution. The impact of the hemorheological parameters was assessed by measurements of hemodiluted blood viscosity. In contrast to Alb, the Hb solutions elicited an immediate increase in MAP (20–38%). The effects of Alb and Hb solutions on HR, as well as on aortic and femoral arterial blood flow, were similar. VR decreased with Alb (20–28%) and increased with all three Hb solutions (30–90%), but the MAP and VR rising trends were different with each Hb solution. Aortic distension decreased in Hb groups compared with the Alb group for the first 60 min. The viscosity of hemodiluted blood was similar for all groups at high shear rates but was dependent on the viscosity of the solutions at low shear rates. We conclude that the vasoconstriction elicited by the Hb solutions overrides the vasodilation associated with viscosity changes due to hemodilution and would be the major factor responsible to the cardiovascular changes.

Adenosine-Induced Transient Cardiac Asystole Enhances Precise Deployment of Stent-Grafts in the Thoracic or Abdominal Aorta

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Dorros ◽  
Joel M. Conn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Flow ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Second Period

Purpose: To present a cardiac asystole technique that assists in the accurate deployment of stent-grafts during endovascular repair of thoracic or abdominal aortic aneurysms. Technique: In the anesthetized patient, trial doses of intravenous adenosine are delivered until a ≥ 20-second period of asystole is recorded. The endograft procedure then proceeds until the device is ready for deployment. The predetermined dose of adenosine is administered, and the device is deployed during asystole. Adenosine-induced transient asystole has been utilized in 16 patients undergoing balloon-expandable endograft exclusion of 6 thoracic aortic and 10 abdominal aortic aneurysms. Asystole lasted for 20 to 30 seconds, during which time the devices were accurately deployed without interference from the aortic flow. There were no clinical sequelae of this technique in any patient. Conclusions: Pharmacologically induced transient asystole appears to be a safe maneuver to preclude endograft movement by systolic blood flow. The technique permits precise placement of balloon-expandable stent-grafts and is applicable to self-expanding devices as well. Interventionists may wish to incorporate adenosine-induced asystole into their aortic aneurysm exclusion procedures.

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