scholarly journals Verifikasi Dua Varian Protokol Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector dengan UPPAAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ika Oktavia Suzanti ◽  
Reza Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Timed Automata ◽  
Protocol Verification ◽  
Route Discovery ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Routing Table ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
Wireless Mobile

AbstrakMobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) adalah sekumpulan wireless mobile yang terhubung satu sama lain tanpa infrastruktur yang tetap sehingga perubahan topologi dapat terjadi setiap saat. Protokol routing MANET memiliki dua model yaitu protokol routing reaktif yang membentuk tabel routing hanya saat dibutuhkan dan protokol routing proaktif yang melakukan pemeliharaan tabel routing secara berkala. Properti umum yang harus dipenuhi oleh protokol jaringan ad-hoc adalah route discovery, packet delivery dan loop fredom. AODV merupakan protokol reaktif MANET yang memiliki standar waktu berapa lama sebuah rute dapat digunakan (route validity), sehingga properti route discovery dan packet delivery harus dapat dipenuhi dalam waktu tersebut. Proses verifikasi protokol dilakukan dengan memodelkan spesifikasi protokol menggunakan teknik, tool, dan bahasa matematis. Pada penelitian ini bahasa pemodelan  yang digunakan adalah timed automata, yaitu bahasa pemodelan untuk memodelkan sistem yang memiliki ketergantungan terhadap waktu tertentu pada setiap prosesnya. Verifikasi protokol dilakukan secara otomatis dengan mengggunakan tool model checker UPPAAL.Protokol yang diverifikasi adalah protokol AODV Break Avoidance milik Ali Khosrozadeh dkk dan protokol AODV Reliable Delivery dari Liu-Jian dan Fang-Min. Hasil verifikasi protokol membuktikan bahwa protokol AODV Break Avoidance mampu memenuhi properti route discovery dan protokol AODV Reliable Delivery mampu memenuhi properti packet delivery dalam waktu sesuai dengan spesifikasi. Kata kunci —Verifikasi Protokol, Timed Automata,  AODV, UPPAAL Abstract MANET is a group of wireless mobile that connected one to each other without fixed infrastructure so topology could change at anytime. MANET routing protocol has two models which are reactive routing protocol that built routing table only when needed and proactive routing protocol that maintain routing table periodically. General property which had to be satisfied by ad-hoc network protocol are route discovery, packet delivery and loop freedom. AODV is a reactive protocol in MANET that has time standard to determine how long a route is valid to be used (route validity) so route discovery and packet delivery property should be satisfied in a specifically certain time. Protocol verification process done by modeling protocol specification using technique, tool and mathematic language.In this research protocol modeled using timed automata which is a modeling language that could be used to model a time dependent system in each process. Verification using timed automata can automatically done by UPPAAL tool model checker.Protocol which will be verified are AODV Break Avoidance by Ali Khosrozadeh et al. and AODV Reliable Delivery by Liu Jian and Fang-Min. Result of this protocol verification prove that AODV BA could satisfied route discovery property and AODV Reliable Delivery could satisfied packet delivery property within their specification time. Keywords—Protocol Verification, Timed Automata, AODV, UPPAAL

Securing Energy Routing Protocol against Black Hole Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad P ◽  
Shiva Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Discovery ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
End To End

Introduction: The aim of the securing energy routing protocol, is to provide the countermeasures to the attacks par-ticularly to the black hole in mobile ad-hoc network, and enhancing the network performance metric throughput al-so reducing the end-to-end delay between the nodes in the network.To build the protocol that enhances the perfor-mance of the network by modifying the existing DSR protocol by introducing new route discovery mechanism in the proposed protocol. Method: The proposed protocol implementation has two phases, route request/reply phase and route confirm phas-es. During the route discovery process, the route discovery from the source to destination process are described by sending the RREQ packet from the source hub as shown in Fig. 1(a), when it does not have one accessible and crav-ings a route to a destination. The source node transmits the RREQ to its associate nodes and the destination node re-ply with RREP. When the source receives reply message, the source node respond with reverse path with a confirm RCON message and providing security to the nodes in the network. Results: To verify the performance of the proposed protocol against the existing DSR protocol are compared with respect to various network metrics like end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio and validated the result by com-paring both routing algorithm using Network Simulator 2. Conclusion: The results of the proposed SERP strongly safeguard against the attacks in the network and the packet delivery ratio is increased compared with the DSR also the end-to-end delay is reduced in the proposed protocol. Discussion: Mobile ad-hoc networks are being dynamic in nature, it associates with issues relating to secure routing, energy and are generally vulnerable to several types of attacks. The DSR is one of the widely used reactive proto-cols available for the mobile ad-hoc network and the proposed work enhancing the security of the network in the existing pro

Comparison of Packet Delivery Fraction of On-demand Routing Protocol based on different Terrain-Area in MANET

2017 ◽  
Vol MCSP2017 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Hari Shankar Sahu ◽  
Rupanita Das
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Telecommunication Technology ◽  
Demand Routing

Now a days telecommunication technology leads to a rapid growth of number of users, these number of users nothing but number of nodes in MANET.A wireless ad hoc network is a decentralized type of wireless network. The mobility of nodes effect on the performance of the network. Due to mobility of nodes the link breaks number of times which effect on the packet delivery. Therefore to analyze the performance, packet delivery fraction (PDF)can be used. This paper describe the packet delivery fraction of on demand routing protocol AODV and DSR on different terrain areas using GLOMOSIM.

Re-Broadcast AODV(reAODV) Based Routing Protocol Modification Over AODV for VANET In City Scenario

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Soumen Saha ◽  
Utpal Roy ◽  
D.D. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Packet Header ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad-hoc networks or VANETs are a new method of training an ad-hoc network in traffic. The authors have numbers of routing algorithms on a MANET. But none of them works efficiently in a VANET with respect to being a safe and secure transport system. The authors have proposed a modification on an AODV routing algorithm for VANET with the introduction of the double-ended queue or dqAODV in a request packet header. A comparable good result was found in the throughput. In the present work, the authors introduce a modification of an original AODV by applying a partial re-broadcast of the request packet (RREQ) of an AODV. They found a comparable result in the throughput of the packet delivery aspect for this work with the original algorithm and dqAODV. This is compared to the complexity in the original AODV algorithm.

A Novel DSR-Based Protocol for Small Reconnaissance UAV Ad Hoc Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 568-570 ◽  
pp. 1272-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Xiao Cheng Liu ◽  
Yue Feng Pang ◽  
Wei Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Source Routing ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Short Network

Based on the traditional DSR Protocol has obvious drawbacks such as short network lifetime in the small reconnaissance UAV ad hoc network, a routing protocols called UEDSR(UAV Energy Dynamic Source Routing Protocol) suitable for small reconnaissance UAV ad hoc network is proposed. This protocol introduces the energy balancing mechanism into the algorithms based on DSR, then improves the situation of excessive energy consumption of hot nodes and prolongs the network lifetime. The simulation of protocol by NS2 illustrates that comparing to DSR the UEDSR protocol achieves about 7% increase in the network lifetime and the packet delivery and the average of network throughput are effectively improved.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Routing Protocols in MANET

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Lalar ◽  
Arun Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Routing Table ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Routing protocol is the essential and vital performance factor in the Mobile Ad-hoc Network. The routing protocols in MANET are accomplished to handle a lot number of nodes with restricted resources. There is a variety of routing protocol exist in MANET. The routing protocol which is chosen may have an effect on the performance of network. In this paper, We perform a comparative study of DSDV, CSGR, WRP, AODV, OLSR, DSR, TORA, ZRP, ZHLS, DYMO routing protocol with respect to Routing Approaches, Routing structure, Route selection, Route, Routing table, Route maintenance, Operation of protocols, Strength, Weakness.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of DSR and TORA Model Routing Protocols In Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Linna Oktaviana Sari ◽  
Agusurio Azmi ◽  
Ery Safrianti ◽  
Feranita Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End

Pekanbaru city is a large area, therefore traffic congestion often occurs due to the density of society’s vehicles. From this problem, it is needed a technology that can exchange information between vehicles. Information Technology that can involve many vehicles with special network types without dependence on an infrastructure is Ad Hoc Network. One type of this network is Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). VANET is a new concept in enabling communication between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V). For efficient data packet delivery, VANET requires a routing protocol. In this research, for simulated and analyzed performance is used the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) protocol. NS-2 is used to simulated a moved nodes, SUMO software is used to simulated real map of SKA Mall crossroad and parameter the quality of performance routing protocol DSR can determined by End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and Routing Overhead (RO). This simulation uses scenario 100 nodes, 150 nodes, 200 nodes and 250 nodes. The simulation results with the scenario of changing the number of nodes, the DSR routing protocol produces better performance with an average of  End to End Delay is 0.1066 s, average of PDR is 95.45% and average of RO is 1.0076. While the TORA routing protocol has an average of End to End Delay is 0.1163s, average of PDR is 93.49% and average of RO is 1.0801. And in the scenario of node speed changes, the TORA routing protocol produces better performance with an average of End to End Delay is 0.0861 s and average of PDR 97.37%. While the DSR routing protocol is better with an average of RO is 1.0076.

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network and Routing Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 829-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Xin Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Routing Design ◽  
Routing Performance ◽  
Simulation Parameters

To analyze vehicular Ad-Hoc network routing performance, the GPSR routing performance is studied using network simulation software NS2 compared with traffic simulation software VanetMobiSim. 100 nodes communicated with each other was stimulated by adding routing protocol into NS2, building the environment of simulation, setting simulation parameters and writing TCL script. The data packet delivery path was examined by trace files and GPSR routing performance was concluded through Gawk. The average end-to-end transmission delay trends to increase and the average delivery rate trends to drop when the average speed of vehicle nodes increase.

The New Mechanism to Detect and Prevent BlackHole Attacks on AODV-Based MANET

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 547-550
Author(s):  
Sery Vuth Tan ◽  
Minh Yuk Choi ◽  
Kee Cheon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Aodv Protocol ◽  
Blackhole Attack ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless network without any infrastructures. The network is weak and vulnerable to many types of attacks. One of these attacks is BlackHole. In this attack, a malicious node advertises itself as having a high sequence number and a shortest path to a specific node to absorb packets. The effect of BlackHole attack on ad-hoc network using AODV as a routing protocol will be examined in this research. We also propose a new mechanism, called DPBA-AODV, to detect and prevent BlackHole attacks on AODV protocol. Simulation result, by using NS2, depicts the efficiency of our proposed mechanism in packet delivery ratio under the presence of BlackHole nodes.

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