scholarly journals Important Role of Mycorrhiza for Seed Germination and Growth of Dendrobium Orchids

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 60805
Author(s):  
Binti Tsulsiyah ◽  
Thoyibatul Farida ◽  
Cahya Lembayung Sutra ◽  
Endang Semiarti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Distribution Centre ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Germination And Growth

Indonesia is a tropical country that has natural forests and is suitable for orchid species habitat, leading to more than 5,000 species of orchids grow. The tropical area is the main distribution centre for epiphytic orchids, one of which is Dendrobium, which grows more than 1,000 species throughout the world. Orchid seeds are very small and do not have an endosperm, making germination difficult in their natural habitat. Mycorrhizal association with orchids plays a role in the survival of orchids in nature through seed germination and growth. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding about the important role of mycorrhiza in seed germination and growth of Dendrobium. The mechanism of mycorrhizal association with orchids begins with the initial contact of the fungus with the orchid, hyphae enter the cortex cells to form peloton, peloton lysis, and exchange of nutrients occurs. Orchid mycorrhiza that mostly found groups in Dendrobium are Rhizoctonia (Epulorhiza, Tulasnella, Rhizoctonia). Mycorrhiza plays a role in increased secretion of phytohormone and enzyme activity which supports seed germination and growth of orchids. Specific mycorrhizal data on orchids can be used as an effort for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Indonesian orchids, including Dendrobium.

scholarly journals Early development of corn seedlings primed with synthetic tenorite nanofertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Esper Neto ◽  
David W. Britt ◽  
Kyle Alan Jackson ◽  
Alessandro Lucca Braccini ◽  
Tadeu Takeyoshi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Cu Toxicity ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract: Fertilizer formulation alternatives that avoid unnecessary losses and environmental impacts are being investigated in agricultural management. Seed priming with nanofertilizers prior to planting, reduces concerns about non-target dispersion; however, priming formulations and concentrations must be carefully selected to avoid undesired effects. Here, seed germination and seedling development were evaluated after seed priming with CuO nanoparticles (NPs), CuO bulk and CuCl2. The seeds were immersed in priming solutions of 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg.L−1 Cu for the three Cu sources. Following 8 hours priming, the seeds were evaluated for germination and vigor (first germination count). Root and shoot lengths were measured as well as shoot and root dry biomass. The copper NP did not show any toxic effects on corn seed germination and growth, and also promoted higher biomass when compared to the other Cu sources. On the other hand, CuCl2 primed seeds exhibited Cu-toxicity in roots and shoots for all concentrations tested. Bulk Cu priming results indicated the better role of NPs size effects. These findings support NP-seed priming as an alternative to delivery of essential micronutrients, such as copper, to corn seedlings.

scholarly journals A Review on Asymbiotic Seed Germination in Orchids through Plant Tissue Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Paramanik ◽  
◽  
Dipak Kar ◽  
Subrata Raha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Commercially Important

Orchid seeds are very small, dust like in appearance, fusiform in shape, lacking endosperm and have undifferentiated embryo covered by transparent seed coat. Mycorrhizal association is required for seed germination of naturally growing orchids. In this symbiotic association, orchid species are dependent on mycorrhizal association for supply of mineral nutrients. In in-vitro condition, such demand of minerals may be compensated by external supply of sugar and mineral nutrients that are required for seed germination of orchid. Several orchids are responded by this asymbiotic seed culture and have commercial importance. Therefore, formulation of efficient in-vitro protocol is important for commercially important orchid species as well as endangered orchid species for conservation. This review paper is focused on various aspects of asymbiotic seed germination of orchids and the role of organic additives in successful seed germination.

Some effects of different forest litters on seed germination and growth

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 710-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford E. Ahlgren ◽  
Isabel F. Ahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Native Herbs

Germination and growth of 12 native herbs, shrubs, and trees were followed in five litter components characteristic of successional stages of the northeastern Minnesota forest. Various litter components stimulated or inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of some species. Germination and growth were not always similarly affected, suggesting that different factors may be involved. Inhibition and lack of inhibition of some species on certain litter components correlate with natural habitat preferences of these species and the nature of the litter in these habitats. This information can be of use in improving results of seeding for site reclamation and reforestation.

The Nagoya Protocol and the Role of Research Resource Centers as Ex-situ Conservation Institutes

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Hyeyeon Im ◽  
Minkyung Jung ◽  
Kyungsook Ahn ◽  
Ki Hyun Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Nagoya Protocol

scholarly journals Group size and aquatic vegetation modulates male preferences for female shoals in wild zebrafish, Danio rerio

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Ghoshal ◽  
Anuradha Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Aquatic Flora ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Individual

AbstractShoaling decisions in the wild are determined by a combination of innate preferences of the individual along with the interplay of multiple ecological factors. In their natural habitat as well as in the laboratory, zebrafish is a shoaling fish. Here, we investigate the role of group size and associated vegetation in shaping shoaling preferences of wild male zebrafish. We studied the association preference of males to groups of female shoals in a multi-choice test design. We found that males made greater proportion of visits to an 8-female group compared to 2 and 4-female groups. However, males spent similar proportions of time across the three female-containing groups. When artificial vegetation was incorporated along with female number as an additional factor, we found that males prefer high and moderately vegetated patches compared to low or no-vegetation groups, irrespective of the number of females in these patches. Based on experiments using a novel multi-choice design, our results show that preference for group size can change due to interaction of two separate factors. This work is a first attempt to understand the role of aquatic flora in determining shoaling preferences in zebrafish, using an experimental paradigm consisting of a gradation in female and vegetation densities.

scholarly journals The effect of five kinds of colloidal polymers for seed germination and growth in sand

2021 ◽  
Vol 804 (4) ◽  
pp. 042036
Author(s):  
Wenxu Zhang ◽  
Lulu Guo ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Shengfang Liu ◽  
Yifan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination And Growth
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