scholarly journals Hydrolases (version 2019.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P.H. Alexander ◽  
Patrick Doherty ◽  
David Fairlie ◽  
Christopher J. Fowler ◽  
Christopher M. Overall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Endothelial Lipase ◽  
Monoacylglycerol Lipase ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Fat Digestion ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Concise Guide ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Listed in this section are hydrolases not accumulated in other parts of the Concise Guide, such as monoacylglycerol lipase and acetylcholinesterase. Pancreatic lipase is the predominant mechanism of fat digestion in the alimentary system; its inhibition is associated with decreased fat absorption. CES1 is present at lower levels in the gut than CES2 (P23141), but predominates in the liver, where it is responsible for the hydrolysis of many aliphatic, aromatic and steroid esters. Hormone-sensitive lipase is also a relatively non-selective esterase associated with steroid ester hydrolysis and triglyceride metabolism, particularly in adipose tissue. Endothelial lipase is secreted from endothelial cells and regulates circulating cholesterol in high density lipoproteins.

scholarly journals Hydrolases (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P.H. Alexander ◽  
Patrick Doherty ◽  
David Fairlie ◽  
Christopher J. Fowler ◽  
Christopher M. Overall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Endothelial Lipase ◽  
Monoacylglycerol Lipase ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Fat Digestion ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Concise Guide ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Listed in this section are hydrolases not accumulated in other parts of the Concise Guide, such as monoacylglycerol lipase and acetylcholinesterase. Pancreatic lipase is the predominant mechanism of fat digestion in the alimentary system; its inhibition is associated with decreased fat absorption. CES1 is present at lower levels in the gut than CES2 (P23141), but predominates in the liver, where it is responsible for the hydrolysis of many aliphatic, aromatic and steroid esters. Hormone-sensitive lipase is also a relatively non-selective esterase associated with steroid ester hydrolysis and triglyceride metabolism, particularly in adipose tissue. Endothelial lipase is secreted from endothelial cells and regulates circulating cholesterol in high density lipoproteins.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MYOKINES ON THE QUANTITY OF HORMONE SENSITIVE LIPASE IN MSCS AND THE PRODUCTS OF THEIR ADIPOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
A. Mishra ◽  
E. V. Tsypandina ◽  
A. M. Gaponov ◽  
S. A. Rumyantsev ◽  
R. A. Khanferyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Differentiation Protocol ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The basic metabolic process associated with white and beige/brown adipose tissues is lipolysis – the sequential enzymatic process of the hydrolysis of triglycerides in the adipose tissue. It has been repeatedly shown that physical activity activates lipolysis. It has recently been shown that skeletal muscles have an endocrine role; producing a host of myogenic hormones – myokines. Current literature has an incomplete understanding of the interdependent relationship between skeletal muscles and adipose tissue. We researched the influence of myocyte secreted cytokines (myokines) – meteorin-like protein (METRNL) and β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), and the adrenergic agonist isoproterenol on the levels of total and phosphorylated (Ser552) hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) in adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and the cellular products of their adipogenic differentiation. The MSCs were obtained from 5 healthy donors. The adipogenic differentiation protocol was carried out for a span of 21 days. After procuring the adipocyte cultures, the following stimulators were added – 5 μM METRNL, 5 μM BAIBA, and 5 μM isoproterenol. With the help of western blot, the change in the amount of total and activated levels of HSL were monitored in cells of three different adipogenic differentiation protocols in MSCs. We observed that HSL and its activated form are produced in cell cultures induced with factors for white, beige, and brown adipogenic differentiation.

scholarly journals An Epistatic Interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe Reveals New Pathways of Adipose Tissue Lipolysis

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Cong Cong Zhang ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Krishnakant G. Soni ◽  
Shu Pei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epistatic Interaction ◽  
Hydrolase Activity ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Adipose Triglyceride Lipase ◽  
Monoglyceride Lipase ◽  
Genetic Deficiency ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

White adipose tissue (WAT) lipolysis contributes to energy balance during fasting. Lipolysis can proceed by the sequential hydrolysis of triglycerides (TGs) by adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), then of diacylglycerols (DGs) by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). We showed that the combined genetic deficiency of ATGL and HSL in mouse adipose tissue produces a striking different phenotype from that of isolated ATGL deficiency, inconsistent with the linear model of lipolysis. We hypothesized that the mechanism might be functional redundancy between ATGL and HSL. To test this, the TG hydrolase activity of HSL was measured in WAT. HSL showed TG hydrolase activity. Then, to test ATGL for activity towards DGs, radiolabeled DGs were incubated with HSL-deficient lipid droplet fractions. The content of TG increased, suggesting DG-to-TG synthesis rather than DG hydrolysis. TG synthesis was abolished by a specific ATGL inhibitor, suggesting that ATGL functions as a transacylase when HSL is deficient, transferring an acyl group from one DG to another, forming a TG plus a monoglyceride (MG) that could be hydrolyzed by monoglyceride lipase. These results reveal a previously unknown physiological redundancy between ATGL and HSL, a mechanism for the epistatic interaction between Pnpla2 and Lipe. It provides an alternative lipolytic pathway, potentially important in patients with deficient lipolysis.

scholarly journals Hormone-sensitive lipase of rat adipose tissue. Purification and some properties.

1981 ◽  
Vol 256 (12) ◽  
pp. 6311-6320
Author(s):  
G. Fredrikson ◽  
P. Strålfors ◽  
N.O. Nilsson ◽  
P. Belfrage
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Effects of Physiological Hypercortisolemia on the Regulation of Lipolysis in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 626-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaswinder S. Samra ◽  
Mo L. Clark ◽  
Sandy M. Humphreys ◽  
Ian A. MacDonald ◽  
Peter A. Bannister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Cortisol is known to increase whole body lipolysis, yet chronic hypercortisolemia results in increased fat mass. The main aim of the study was to explain these two apparently opposed observations by examining the acute effects of hypercortisolemia on lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue and in the whole body. Six healthy subjects were studied on two occasions. On one occasion hydrocortisone sodium succinate was infused iv to induce hypercortisolemia (mean plasma cortisol concentrations, 1500 ± 100 vs. 335± 25 nmol/L; P < 0.001); on the other occasion (control study) no intervention was made. Lipolysis in the sc adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall was studied by measurement of arterio-venous differences, and lipolysis in the whole body was studied by constant infusion of[ 1,2,3-2H5]glycerol for measurement of the systemic glycerol appearance rate. Hypercortisolemia led to significantly increased arterialized plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA; P < 0.01) and blood glycerol concentrations (P < 0.05), with an increase in systemic glycerol appearance (P < 0.05). However, in sc abdominal adipose tissue, hypercortisolemia decreased veno-arterialized differences for NEFA (P < 0.05) and reduced NEFA efflux (P < 0.05). This reduction was attributable to decreased intracellular lipolysis (P < 0.05), reflecting decreased hormone-sensitive lipase action in this adipose depot. Hypercortisolemia caused a reduction in arterialized plasma TAG concentrations (P < 0.05), but without a significant change in the local extraction of TAG (presumed to reflect the action of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase). There was no significant difference in plasma insulin concentrations between the control and hypercortisolemia study. Site-specific regulation of the enzymes of intracellular lipolysis (hormone-sensitive lipase) and intravascular lipolysis (lipoprotein lipase) may explain the ability of acute cortisol treatment to increase systemic glycerol and NEFA appearance rates while chronically promoting net central fat deposition.

scholarly journals Activation of hormone-sensitive lipase in extracts of adipose tissue

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
SU-CHEN TSAI ◽  
PER BELFRAGE ◽  
MARTHA VAUGHAN
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Hormone Sensitive
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