Studies on the Soil Nematode Diversity in Relation to the Soil Parameters from Sugarcane Fields of Aurangabad District Maharashtra State, India

2017 ◽  
Vol V (IX) ◽  
pp. 1632-1640
Author(s):  
Rajendra B. Gade
Keyword(s):  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Diversity

Effects of organic and conventional pesticides on plant biomass, nematode diversity and the structure of the soil food web

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Carrascosa ◽  
Sara Sánchez-Moreno ◽  
José Luis Alonso-Prados
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nematophagous Fungi ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Pine Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Fumigants

Due to the uncertain future of the soil fumigants most commonly used in the EU, there is a need to develop new integrated pest management programmes to control crop diseases. Different nematode management practices, such as solarisation and the use of ecological nematicides, including nematophagous fungi, are used to control populations of plant-parasitic nematodes, one of the most common pests affecting crops. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of organic (neem seed paste and a mixture of nematophagous fungi) and conventional (oxamyl and fenamiphos) nematicides on soil physical chemical properties, soil biodiversity and plant biomass. Such effects were investigated in two types of habitats: low diversity soils from an agricultural farm and high diversity soils from a natural vegetation area. The greater effect was observed with the neem treatment, which induced a large boost of dauer juveniles in the nutrient-depleted soil, while the same treatment induced an increase of populations of less opportunistic, generalist bacterivore nematodes in the pine forest soil, rich in organic matter. We have studied the effects of different biological and chemical nematicides on the whole soil nematode community through ecological indices and their relationship with plant biomass, but further research is needed to improve understanding of the effect of these products on nematode assemblages.

scholarly journals Assessment of soil nematode diversity based on different taxonomic levels and functional groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangnan Li ◽  
Peiqin Peng ◽  
Jie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Diversity

Soil nematode community response to fertilisation in the root-associated and bulk soils of a rice-wheat agroecosystem

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Qirong Shen ◽  
Huixin Li ◽  
Joann K. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Growing Conditions

The practice of growing agricultural crops in rows results in larger soil nematode populations in the root-associated soil than in the bulk soil between the rows. Fertilisers applied to improve grain yield generally increase the abundance of nematode communities in agricultural soils. The objective of this study was to compare total nematode density and four dominant genera in the root-associated and bulk soils of paddy rice and upland wheat receiving organic and mineral fertilisers. Dominant nematode genera accounted for 80% of all nematodes and represented four trophic groups. There was greater total nematode density and a higher enrichment index (EI) but less nematode diversity (H′) and a lower structure index (SI) in the root-associated soil than bulk soil of upland wheat. By contrast, nematode abundance, diversity and ecological indices were similar in the root-associated and bulk soils of the paddy rice. Soil nematode communities were affected significantly and consistently by fertilisation in upland wheat and paddy rice phases. More herbivoreHirschmanniellawere present with mineral fertiliser than in the non-fertilised control. Straw-based organic fertilisers increased the abundance of bacterivoreEucephalobus. The lack of interaction between rhizosphere effect and fertilisation indicated that crop-growing conditions (different species and water regimes) were more influential on nematode communities and not consistently impacted by short-term organic and mineral fertilisation in the rice-wheat agroecosystem.

scholarly journals Effects of Mowing Frequency on Soil Nematode Diversity and Community Structure in a Chinese Meadow Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5555
Author(s):  
Jinling Zhao ◽  
Jiale Chen ◽  
Honghui Wu ◽  
Linghao Li ◽  
Fengjuan Pan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
The Stability

Soil nematodes are one of the most important components in terrestrial ecosystems and the critical factor driving the belowground process. The grasslands of Northeast China have been subject to mowing for ages, which theoretically should have had substantial effects on the processes associated with soil nematodes. However, relevant studies have barely been conducted to date. This study examined variations in soil nematode abundance, biomass, diversity, and community structure, with respect to varying mowing frequencies. The results showed that a higher mowing frequency significantly reduced the abundance of soil nematodes, biomass, diversity, and community structure stability in the ecosystem, while intermediate mowing frequency enhanced these parameters to different extents. Our findings indicate that the changing patterns of the nematode indices with mowing frequency conform to the intermediate disturbance theory. This study provides a theoretical basis for formulating grassland-related management measures and maintaining the stability of grassland ecosystems.

scholarly journals Effects of Grazing Intensity on Soil Nematode Community Structure and Function in Different Soil Layers in a Meadow Steppe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjuan Pan ◽  
Ruirui Yan ◽  
Jinling Zhao ◽  
Linghao Li ◽  
Yanfeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil Nematode Community ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Grazing Intensities

Abstract Aims Grazing is a key driver of plant communities and soil functions in grassland ecosystems. Soil nematodes play a vital role in soil ecological functions. however, few studies have explored how grazing shapes soil nematode community in different soil layers.Methods we investigated the composition, abundance, diversity, metabolic footprint, and food web metrics of soil nematodes over a gradient of grazing in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers in a meadow steppe. The relationships between nematode community structure and biotic and abiotic factors were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and structural equation model (SEM) analysis. Results Light grazing tended to increase the abundance of soil nematodes. Intensive grazing decreased the biomass carbon and metabolic footprints of plant parasites, fungivores, and total soil nematodes in 0-10 cm soils. There was no difference in the biomass carbon and metabolic footprints of soil nematodes among different grazing intensities in the 10-20 cm soil layer. Soil moisture, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass and Shannon diversity of grass contributed more to changes in soil nematode composition in both soil layers. In the 0-10 cm soil layer, grazing directly and indirectly affected soil nematode diversity via soil moisture and aboveground biomass, while grazing directly affected soil nematode diversity in 10-20 cm soil layer. Conclusions Our results indicate that soil depth can weaken the effect of grazing intensities on soil nematode fauna. Grazing affected the soil nematode community structure via different paths in different soil layers.

Interactive effects of elevated ozone and UV-B radiation on soil nematode diversity

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Bao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Jianfeng Hua ◽  
Tianhong Zhao ◽  
Wenju Liang
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Nematode Diversity

Higher taxa vs. functional guilds vs. trophic groups as indicators of soil nematode diversity and community structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daya Ram Bhusal ◽  
Athanasios S. Kallimanis ◽  
Maria A. Tsiafouli ◽  
Stefanos P. Sgardelis
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Functional Guilds ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Nematode Diversity

Responses of soil nematode communities to agroecological crop management systems

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Cristina Santiago ◽  
Giovani de Oliveira Arieira ◽  
Edinei de Almeida ◽  
Maria de Fátima Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Crop Management Systems ◽  
The Impact

Soil nematodes are sensitive to human intervention and widely used as biological indicators of disruptions and alterations in soil quality. The aim of this work was to identify nematodes that are good biological indicators in maize crops under different management systems, and to establish the impact levels of these systems. Soil samples were collected over a 3-year period at a depth of 0.0-0.3 m in areas under six different management systems for maize (Zea mays) monoculture, and intercropped maize and Canavalia ensiformis. Six areas of native vegetation were also assessed to provide a reference for ecological balance. After identification and counting, nematode communities were characterised according to abundance (total and relative), diversity (identified genera and diversity indexes), trophic structure and ecological maturity (disturbance indexes). Nematodes proved to be good ecological indicators, responding to the systems employed. Intercropping maize and Canavalia ensiformis in at least one assessment year reduced disruption and increased nematode diversity, which were both verified based on specific indexes. It was also observed that the maize monoculture increased disruption leading to a drop in nematode fauna diversity and an increase in the incidence of plant-feeding nematodes.

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