Compensatory Neural Responses After 36 Hours of Total Sleep Deprivation and its Relationship with Executive Control Function

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239-1249
Author(s):  
Yongcong Shao ◽  
Jianlin Qi ◽  
Ming Fan ◽  
Enmao Ye ◽  
Bo Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Oxygenation Level ◽  
Executive Control Function ◽  
The Impact

The neurobiological mechanisms of Total Sleep Deprivation (TSD) - induced changes in executive control function were investigated. Fourteen participants were measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with the visual Go/No-go task after normal sleep and following 36 hours of TSD. The TSD-induced positive and negative blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals compared with that after a normal night's sleep (NORM). The areas activated with positive BOLD signals include the superior prefrontal cortex and inferior prefrontal cortex, with negative BOLD signals in the anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) and right lingual gyrus. Increased activation may be related to the compensatory response since more attention resources are needed to perform the Go/No-go task after 36 hours of TSD and the decreased activation in the ACC may reflect the impact of executive control function by the TSD.

The impact of total sleep deprivation upon supine and head up tilt hemodynamics using non-linear analysis in firefighters

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 102989
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kujawski ◽  
Katarzyna Buszko ◽  
Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska ◽  
Joanna Słomko ◽  
Djordje G. Jakovljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals 0311 The Impairments in Emotional Perception Following Total Sleep Deprivation and the Restorative Effects of Napping and Time of Day

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A117-A117
Author(s):  
T J Cunningham ◽  
R M Bottary ◽  
E A Kensinger ◽  
R Stickgold
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The ability to perceive emotions is a socially-relevant skill critical for healthy interpersonal functioning, while deficits in this ability are associated with psychopathology. Total sleep deprivation (TSD) has been shown to have deleterious effects on emotion perception, yet the extent to which these impairments persist across the day with continued wakefulness, or if brief periods of recovery sleep can restore emotion perception abilities, remains unexplored. Methods Participants viewed slideshows of faces ranging in emotional expression and were asked to categorize (Happy, Sad, Angry, Neutral) and rate the emotional intensity (1-9) of each face at baseline (2100; Session 1), at 0900 (Session 2) following a night of sleep or TSD, and at 1400 (Session 3) following either continued wakefulness (wake group) or a 90-minute nap opportunity (nap group). Results Emotion categorization ability marginally improved from Session 1 to Session 2 following overnight sleep, however, no changes in emotion intensity ratings or vigilance were observed. TSD led to an increase in error rates during vigilance testing [t(46)=2.9, p=0.005] and impairment in emotion categorization ability [t(46)=5.5, p<0.001] from Session 1 to Session 2, although by Session 3 performance levels on both measures returned to baseline for all TSD participants. TSD also led to a decrease in emotional intensity ratings from Session 1 to Session 2, particularly for the highest tertile of emotional faces [6-9; t(46)=6.1, p<0.001]. These ratings remained suppressed at Session 3 in both the wake [t(25)=7.8, p<0.001] and nap [t(18)=3.1, p=0.006] groups. Conclusion These results indicate that time of day effects, with or without any additional benefit of a nap, can restore the impairments in vigilance and emotional categorization caused by TSD. The ability to discriminate levels of emotional intensity, however, is not restored by time of day or napping, suggesting that this ability is more sensitive to the impact of TSD. Support  

scholarly journals Executive Control Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Royall ◽  
Edward C. Lauterbach ◽  
Jeffrey L. Cummings ◽  
Allison Reeve ◽  
Teresa A. Rummans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Executive Control Function

The Relation of Childhood Physical Activity and Aerobic Fitness to Brain Function and Cognition: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiman A. Khan ◽  
Charles H. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

Physical inactivity has been shown to increase the risk for several chronic diseases across the lifespan. However, the impact of physical activity and aerobic fitness on childhood cognitive and brain health has only recently gained attention. The purposes of this article are to: 1) highlight the recent emphasis for increasing physical activity and aerobic fitness in children’s lives for cognitive and brain health; 2) present aspects of brain development and cognitive function that are susceptible to physical activity intervention; 3) review neuroimaging studies examining the cross-sectional and experimental relationships between aerobic fitness and executive control function; and 4) make recommendations for future research. Given that the human brain is not fully developed until the third decade of life, preadolescence is characterized by changes in brain structure and function underlying aspects of cognition including executive control and relational memory. Achieving adequate physical activity and maintaining aerobic fitness in childhood may be a critical guideline to follow for physical as well as cognitive and brain health.

scholarly journals Perceptual uncertainty alternates top-down and bottom-up fronto-temporal network signaling during response inhibition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaho Tsumura ◽  
Reiko Shintaki ◽  
Masaki Takeda ◽  
Junichi Chikazoe ◽  
Kiyoshi Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Dot Motion ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
The Right ◽  
Executive Control Function

Response inhibition is a primary executive control function that allows the withholding of inappropriate responses, and requires appropriate perception of the external environment to achieve a behavioral goal. It remains unclear, however, how response inhibition is achieved when goal-relevant information involves perceptual uncertainty. Twenty-six human participants of both sexes performed a go/no-go task where visually presented random-dot motion stimuli involved perceptual uncertainties. The right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) was involved in response inhibition, and the middle temporal (MT) region showed greater activity when dot motions involved less uncertainty. A neocortical temporal region in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) specifically showed greater activity during response inhibition in more perceptually certain trials. In this STS region, activity was greater when response inhibition was successful than when it failed. Directional effective connectivity analysis revealed that in more coherent trials, the MT and STS regions showed enhanced connectivity to the rIFC, whereas in less coherent trials, the signal direction was reversed. These results suggest that a reversible fronto-temporal functional network guides response inhibition under perceptual uncertainty, and in this network, perceptual information in the MT is converted to control information in the rIFC via STS, enabling achievement of response inhibition.

Executive Control Function

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo C. Román ◽  
Donald R. Royall
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Executive Control Function
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