scholarly journals Comparison of the Hounsfield Unit Values Obtained From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Images for Different Bone Densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Khavid ◽  
Mojgan Sametzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Godiny ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Moarrefpour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and objective: In recent years, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a key diagnostic tool in dentistry. CBCT can provide 3D images of the maxillofacial area to help dental practitioners in diagnosis and treatment, especially implant placement and treatment of pathogenic lesions. This study aimed to compare the Hounsfield Unit (HU) values obtained from CBCT images for bones of different densities with the corresponding HU values from MDCT images. Materials and methods: cube-shaped bone blocks of identical size were cut from the middle section of the cow ribs and femur area such that they had a layer of cortical bone in their buccal, lingual, and top surfaces and trabecular bone in the middle. MDCT scans were performed using a Somatom Sensation Ct Scanner. After determining HU from the results of these scans, nine suitable specimens from different ranges of HU were chosen for comparison. HU of the CBCT images was computed by the dedicated software of the CBCT machine. Finally, HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT were compared. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 at the 0.05 significance level. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean HU from MDCT images and the mean HU from CBCT images (P<0.05). For similar specimens, CBCT produced higher mean HU values than MDCT. The Pearson correlation test detected a significant direct relationship between the HU values of specimens in MDCT and CBCT (P<0.05). Conclusion: For the tools and software used in this study, there was no significant difference between the HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT, but the mean HU obtained from CBCT was higher than that from MDCT.

scholarly journals Knowledge Level of Iranian Dental Practitioners Towards Digital Radiography And Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Salemi ◽  
Abbas Shokri ◽  
Maryam Foroozandeh ◽  
Maryam Farhadian ◽  
Ayoub Yeganeh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of Iranian dental practitioners about digital radiography(DR) andcone-beamcomputedtomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: In this crosssectional study, a researcher-designed questionnaire was administered among 180 general dentists and specialists. The questionnaire had three main domains of demographic information, fifteen questions about knowledge of DR (advantages, disadvantages, physical properties) and twenty six questions about knowledge of CBCT (indications, applications, advantages, route of knowledge acquisition). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Of 180 participants, 76 (42.2%) were females. The minimum, maximum and mean± standard deviation scores obtained in DR were 4, 14, and 9.031 ± 1.85 and in CBCT were 0,26 and 18.56 ± 4.81, respectively. In the CBCT domain, the participants had maximum knowledge about “low radiation dose” (72.8%) and minimum knowledge about the “role of CBCT in determination of bone density” (45%). In DR domain, the participants had maximum knowledge about “no need for radiographic films” (75.6%) and minimum knowledge about “not requiring manual processing” (15.6%). Overall, participants had higher level of knowledge about CBCT than DR. An inverse correlation was noted between age and work experience with the number of correct answers. However, no significant difference was noted in the knowledge level of males and females regarding CBCT or DR (p = 0.233 and p = 0.227, respectively). Conclusions: further education seem imperative for dentists in this respect for more efficient diagnosis and treatment planning, minimize patient radiation dose and save time and cost.   Keywords Digital radiography; Cone-Beam computed tomography; Knowledge; Dentists.

scholarly journals Dosimetry of Critical Organs in Maxillofacial Imaging with Cone-beam Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1Feb) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ghanbarnezhad Farshi ◽  
A Mesbahi ◽  
M Johari ◽  
Ü Kara ◽  
N Gharehaghaji
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

Background: While the benefits of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are well known in maxillofacial imaging, the use of this modality is not risk-free.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure doses received by patients during maxillofacial imaging with CBCT.Methods: Entrance surface dose (ESD) was measured by using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) attached to the eyes lids, parotid glands and thyroid of 64 patients in two imaging centers (A and B). Phantom dosimetry was performed by a cylindrical poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) head-size phantom and an ionization chamber for different exposure parameters. NewTom VGi and Planmeca Promax 3D CBCT scanners were used at centers A and B, respectively.Results: The mean ESD of the eyes, parotid glands and thyroid were 2.57, 2.33 and 0.28 mGy in center A, 0.35, 2.11 and 0.37 mGy in center B, respectively. ESD of the eyes revealed a significant difference in two centers; in center B, it was 86.4% lower than center A. In the phantom dosimetry, the measured doses of NewTom VGi were 2.63 and 2.08 mGy, respectively by changing field of view (FOV) size from 8×8 cm2 (height × diameter) to 6×6 cm2. For Planmeca Promax 3D, it ranged from 0.98 to 3.24 mGy depending on exposure parameters.Conclusion: There is a wide range of radiation doses dependent on the units, patients and selected scan parameters. Inappropriate selection of exposure settings, especially FOV size, can seriously increase patient dose.

scholarly journals Association between Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Histological and Immunohistochemical Features in Periapical Lesions Correlated with Thickened Maxillary Sinus Mucosa

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 840
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dumitrescu ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Martu ◽  
Alexandru Nemtoi ◽  
Ana Sirghe ◽  
Liliana Chelaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sinus Mucosa

Background and Objectives: Odontogenic sinusitis is a frequently underestimated pathology with fewer symptoms in patients with periapical lesions, periodontal disease, or iatrogenic foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus. The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between maxillary sinusitis and periapical lesions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging and histological and immunohistochemical investigations. Materials and Methods: A total of 1450 initial patients diagnosed with maxillary sinusitis in the Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iasi, Romania, were treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. Of these, 629 still had unresolved symptomatology and were later referred to the Dental Medicine departments for further investigations. Only 50 subjects with periapical lesions in the premolar/molar maxillary area were included in the present study. All the periapical lesions were observed on CBCT and classified using the Periapical Status Index (PSI) and the mean maxillary sinus mucosa thicknesses (MSMT). The enrolled patients underwent surgical procedures with the excision of periapical lesions. The excised samples were submitted to the histological and immunohistochemical investigations. Results: The 50 patients presented periapical lesions of their maxillary teeth in 328 dental units. There was a higher prevalence of periapical lesions in men than in women (chi-square test). We observed a significant difference between the mean MSMT of individuals with periapical lesions compared to those without (p < 0.01). Mean MSMT was 1.23 mm for teeth without periapical lesions and 3.95 mm for teeth with periapical lesions. The histopathological study identified 50% cases with periapical granulomas, 10% cases with periapical granulomas with cystic potential, and 40% cases as periapical cysts. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, along with CD20+ B lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages, were diffusely distributed in all periapical cysts and in some periapical granulomas, but CD79α+ plasma cells characterized especially periapical granulomas. Conclusions: The current study observed a significant correlation between CBCT maxillary mucosa thickness and type of periapical lesion. Chronic inflammatory lympho-histiocytic infiltrate predominates in periapical lesions, supporting the idea that lesion progression is determined by a humoral-type (CD20+ and CD79α+ B lymphocytes) but also by a cellular-type (CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte population) immune mechanism.

Evaluation of the Accessory Mental Foramen in a Pediatric Population Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Cantekin ◽  
AE Şekerci
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Turkish Children ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

Objective: The aim of the present study was to clarify the occurrence, diameter, and location of the accessory mental foramen (AMF) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from a sample of Turkish children. Study design: This retrospective was carried out using a total of 275 CBCT images from child and adolescent patients were randomly selected from existing records in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology at the University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey. The mental foramen (MF) and AMF were assessed on axial, sagittal, and coronal CBCT slices. Results: The mean age was 10.51 ± 3.32 years, consisting of 139 males (mean age 10.64 ± 3.42) and 126 females (mean age 10.38 ± 3.18). Twenty-one AMFs were observed in 18 of 275 patients (6.5%, 10 boys and eight girls). There was no significant difference in gender in relation to the prevalence of AMF (p = 0.65). The mean area of the 21 AMFs and the MF on the side with the AMF were 0.7 mm2 (SD ± 0.5) and 3.8 mm2 (SD ± 2.2), respectively. Conclusion: It is important to stress that detecting the AMN using CBCT with 3D reconstructions may reduce the risk of paralysis, hemorrhage, and postoperative pain in this region. Our study presents the first report assessing the occurrence, diameter, and location of the AMF in the pediatric population using CBCT images. In this respect, not surprisingly, the mean size of the AMF of our population is smaller than other reports in the literature that involve adult populations.

Nasopalatine Canal Position Relative to the Maxillary Central Incisors: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakawat Chatriyanuyoke ◽  
Chun-I Lu ◽  
Yusuke Suzuki ◽  
Jaime L. Lozada ◽  
Kitichai Rungcharassaeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Old Men

The aim of this study was to determine the proximity of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) to the maxillary central incisor root (MCIR). The study included 120 cone beam computed tomography scans obtained from the Center for Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University, between June 2006 and September 2009. They were equally distributed into six groups: (1) 21- to 40-year-old men, (2) 21- to 40-year-old women, (3) 41- to 60-year-old men, (4) 41- to 60-year-old women, (5) 61- to 80-year-old men, and (6) 61- to 80-year-old women. The closest distances between the NPC and the MCIR (NPC-to-MCIR) were measured at the midroot (bisecting palatal cementoenamel junction to root apex) and the apex levels. Differences between the groups were analyzed using a t test and 1-way analysis of variance at a significance level of α = .05. The overall mean NPC-to-MCIR distances at the midroot and apex levels were 3.05 ± 1.64 and 5.22 ± 1.56 mm, respectively. The modes of the NPC-to-MCIR distances at the midroot and apex levels were in the range of 1.01–2.00 mm and 4.01–5.00 mm, respectively. The mean NPC-to-MCIR distance was significantly greater in men than in women at the midroot level (P &lt; .05) but not at the apex level (P &gt; .05). The mean NPC-to-MCIR distance was significantly shorter for the youngest age group than the other two age groups at the midroot level (P &lt; .05). However, at the apex level, the youngest age group had a significantly shorter distance compared with the oldest age group (P &lt; .05) but not the middle age group (P &gt; .05). The results of this study suggest that, to avoid NPC penetration, more care must be exercised during immediate implant placement at the midroot level of a maxillary central incisor in women and younger patients because of the root proximity to the NPC. Tapered implants may also be beneficial in such situations.

scholarly journals Mandibular Canal Location and Cortical Bone Thickness in Males and Females of Different Age Groups: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1117-1122
Author(s):  
Sherif Shafik El-Bahnasy ◽  
Magdy Youakim ◽  
Mohamed Shamel ◽  
Hisham El Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Mean

AIM: The purpose of the study was to measure and compare the prevalence of mandibular canal (MC) location variations in regard to mandibular first molars in both genders at different age groups. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 80 cone-beam computed tomography scans. Distance between MC and apical apices of first molars, buccal and lingual cortical plates was measured in both sides. RESULTS: 80 scans with 160 sides were analyzed. Distances was measured bilaterally for all scans with mean (5.22 ± 0.77) in men versus (4.1 ± 0.7) in women at group age 31–40 apical to apices of first molars. The mean was (3.77 ± 0.62) in men versus (2.81 ± 0.47) in women at same age group at buccal side, lingually the mean was (4.02 ± 0.67) in men versus (3.67 ± 0.26) in women in the same age group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there were decrease in measurements in older age group in both genders and in female groups more than male groups but with no statistical significant difference.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the palatal bone in different facial patterns for orthodontic mini-implants insertion: A cone-beam computed tomography study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio VIDALÓN ◽  
Carlos LIÑAN ◽  
Lidia Yileng TAY ◽  
Abraham MENESES ◽  
Manuel LAGRAVÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortical Density ◽  
Facial Pattern ◽  
Palatal Bone

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the height, thickness and cortical density of the palatal bone of adults with different vertical facial patterns using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methods: This study analyzed 75 CBCTs of patients between 18 and 35 years old (45 men and 30 women). The CBCTs were classified into three groups based on their facial pattern: normodivergent, hypodivergent and hyperdivergent as determined from lateral cephalograms synthesized from the CBCTs. The height, cortical thickness and cortical density of the palatal bone were measured at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20mm posterior to the incisive foramen, and at 3, 6 and 9mm lateral to the midpalatal suture. ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc tests were used for analysis of the data, at significance level of p< 0.05. Results: The hypodivergent pattern had a significant difference and the greatest height and cortical thickness of the palatal bone, followed by the hyperdivergent and the normodivergent patterns. No significant differences were found in minimum and maximum values of cortical density. Conclusion: The palatal bone is a favorable anatomical area to install different orthodontic temporary anchorage devices (TADs), where individuals with the hypodivergent vertical facial pattern have a higher height and cortical thickness of the palatal bone, followed by the hyperdivergent pattern and finally the normodivergent pattern. No significant differences in the cortical density of the palatal bone in the three facial patterns were found.

scholarly journals Influence of cone-beam computed tomography image artifacts on the determination of dental arch measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago O. Gamba ◽  
Matheus L. Oliveira ◽  
Isadora L. Flores ◽  
Adriana D. Cruz ◽  
Solange M. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Image Artifacts ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Intraobserver Agreement ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare dental plaster model (DPM) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the measurement of the dental arches, and investigate whether CBCT image artifacts compromise the reliability of such measurements. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of metallic restorations in the posterior teeth. Both dental arches of the patients were scanned with the CBCT unit i-CAT, and DPMs were obtained. Two examiners obtained eight arch measurements on the CBCT images and DPMs and repeated this procedure 15 days later. The arch measurements of each patient group were compared separately by the Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney U) test, with a significance level of 5% (α  =  .05). Intraclass correlation measured the level of intraobserver agreement. Results: Patients with healthy teeth showed no significant difference between all DPM and CBCT arch measurements (P &gt; .05). Patients with metallic restoration showed significant difference between DPM and CBCT for the majority of the arch measurements (P &gt; .05). The two examiners showed excellent intraobserver agreement for both measuring methods with intraclass correlation coefficient higher than 0.95. Conclusion: CBCT provided the same accuracy as DPM in the measurement of the dental arches, and was negatively influenced by the presence of image artifacts.

scholarly journals Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of the apical third of curved roots after mechanical preparation with different automated systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto Pereira Oliveira ◽  
Maria Inês Meurer ◽  
Cristina Pascoalato ◽  
Silvio Rocha Correa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The present study evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) the apical canal transportation and centralizing ability of different automated systems after root canal preparation. The mesiobuccal canals of maxillary first molars (n=10 per group) were prepared with: GI - reciprocating system with K-Flexofile; GII - reciprocating system with NiTiFlex files; GIII - rotary system with K3 instruments; GIV - rotary system with RaCe instruments. CBCT scans were taken before and after biomechanical preparation up to a #40.02 diameter. Canal transportation was determined by measuring the smallest distance between the inner canal walls and the mesial and distal sides of the root. The centralization ability corresponded to the difference between the measurements from transportation evaluation, using the linear voxel to voxel method of analysis. The mean transportation was 0.06 ± 0.14 mm, with a tendency to deviate to the mesial side of the root (n=22), with no statistically significant difference among the groups (p=0.4153). The mean centralization index was 0.15 ± 0.65 also without statistically significant difference among the groups (p=0.0881). It may be concluded that apical canal transportation and centralization ability were not influenced by the type of mechanical movement and instruments used.

scholarly journals Canal transportation caused by one single-file and two multiple-file rotary systems: A comparative study using cone-beam computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Eshagh Ali Saberi ◽  
Narges Farhad Mollashahi ◽  
Forugh Farahi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Single File ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Canal Transportation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Aim: This ex-vivo study aimed to compare canal transportation in mesio-buccal canal of mandibular first molars prepared with Mtwo and Revo-S multi-file and Neoniti single-file nickel[18TD$DIF]—titanium (Ni—Ti) rotary systems using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methodology: CBCTscans were obtained from 60 extracted mandibular first molars and the teeth were randomly divided into three groups. Mesio-buccal canal of mesial root was prepared with Revo-S, Neoniti or Mtwo rotary systems according to the instructions of the manufacturers. Postoperative CBCT scans were also obtained. A single operator performed canal preparations while another operator blinded to the group allocation of teeth did the measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the amount of canal transportation were calculated and compared between the groups using the Friedman test ([19TD$DIF]P 0.05). Results: No significant difference was noted in canal transportation among the groups in the middle and apical third ([20TD$DIF]P > 0.05). The rotary single-file instrument caused significantly greater canal transportation in the coronal third. Conclusion: No significant difference exists among different rotary systems in the amount of canal transportation caused in the middle and apical third of the mesio-buccal canal in mandibular first molars. Although all rotary files caused some degrees of canal transportation, the rotary single-file instrument caused significantly greater canal transportation than the multiple-file sequences in the coronal third.

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