Screening of blast resistance genes in rice breeding samples

Rice is one of the most widespread and cultivated crops in the world. It is necessary to increase the yield of crops or expand their sown areas to resolve a food security problem in Russia. Current impossibility of expanding rice cultivated areas in the Rostov region and the need to maintain and increase its yield require developing new disease-resistant varieties. Rice genotypes with multiple blast resistance genes avoid significant yield losses. Since pyramiding and selection of resistance genes in the same genotype through traditional selection methods are complicated, it is urgent to search for homozygous samples using marker-assisted selection methods. This study was aimed to identify Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33 and Pi-ta blast resistance genes in breeding rice samples by MAS-methods. The study used CTAB-method for DNA-isolation, PCR, electrophoresis on agarose and polyacrylamide gels. The resulting gels were stained in a solution of ethidium bromide and photographed in ultraviolet light. To control the presence of blast resistance genes the following parental cultivars were used: C104LAC for the Pi-1 and Pi-33 genes, C101-A-51 for the Pi-2 gene, IR36 for the Pi-ta gene; Novator and Boyarin as controls of non-functional alleles of all studied genes. The 446 selection samples of the seventh generation were analyzed. As a result of the research, 127 rice samples that combine 2 or 3 different blast resistance genes were identified. The Pi-2 and Pi-33 genes combination was identified in 43 samples (1128/1, 1149/3, 1171/2, 1177/3, 1177/4, 1186/4, et al.). Samples with three resistance genes are the most interesting for selection and further breeding. For developing new blast-resistant varieties, we recommend using rice samples with the following combinations of resistance genes Pi-1+Pi-2+Pi-33 (1197/1, 1226/2, 1271/1, 1272/2), Pi-1+Pi-2+Pi-ta (1197/4, 1304/2, 1304/3, 1482/3, 1482/4, 1486/1) and Pi-2+Pi-33+Pi-ta (1064/1, 1064/3, 1281/2, 1281/3, 1281/4, 1282/2, 1283/1, 1283/2, 1284/3).

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Identification of rice blast (Pyricularia) resistance genes in the breeding samples of rice

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017501008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 175 ◽

pp. 01008

Author(s):

Nataliya Vozhzhova ◽

Elena Krasnova ◽

Elena Ionova

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Rice Blast ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Rice Blast Resistance ◽

Rice Samples ◽

Functional Alleles ◽

Blast Resistance Genes

The current paper has considered the challenge of breeding of rice lines adapted to the climatic conditions of the Southern Federal District of Russia by pyramiding a complex of Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta and Pi-b rice blast resistance genes which is efficient in the southern part of Russia. The control of the resistance genes present in the breeding material was carried out using a marker-associated selection (MAS). The purpose of the current study was to identify the Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta, and Pi-b rice blast resistance genes in the rice samples developed in the laboratory of rice breeding and seed production of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” to identify valuable genotypes. The screening of 689 breeding samples of rice resulted in identification of the allelic state of the Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta and Pi-b rice blast resistance genes, and the genotypes with functional alleles of these genes and their combinations. There were identified 19 breeding samples of rice possessing a combination of 4 functional alleles of rice blast resistance genes in various combinations. The identified rice samples are valuable genetic material and are recommended to use as the sources of rice blast resistance in the breeding process.

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