scholarly journals Dynamic impacts of farm-level technology adoption on the Brazilian dairy supply chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Rozemberg Peixoto Simões ◽  
Charles Frederick Nicholson ◽  
Andrew M. Novakovic ◽  
Roberto Max Protil
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Farm Profitability ◽  
Supply Relationship ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
On Farm

Agricultural technology adoption that increases individual firm productivity is generally assumed to improve competitiveness and profitability. However, technology that is adopted by many firms in an industry can shift the basic supply relationship, increasing total production while lowering farm prices. While generally beneficial to consumers, this result can reduce (or completely offset) benefits for farmers, especially late or non-adopters. Our objective is to assess the market dynamics of alternative assumptions about exogenous productivity-enhancing technology adoption by Brazilian dairy farms. Of particular interest is the distributional impact on farm incomes and on the proportion of milk production for different farm size classes. To achieve this objective, we developed an empirical System Dynamics model that evaluates market and farm profitability impacts from 2006 to 2016. We simulated six counterfactual scenarios comprising three rates of adoption (slow, medium and fast) by two farm size categories (small and large). Technology adoption impact differs in the short- and long-term and depending on the assumed rates and farm sizes. Non-adopters of technology can experience lower incomes and a smaller production and income shares when other farms adopt. The underlying causal structure of farm profitability and the herd management decisions suffices to explain the potential market exclusion of non-adopting farms (especially small-scale farms) when others adopt.

scholarly journals Effect of improved seed technology adoption on small-scale sorghum farmers’ productivity in Kebbi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Ojo ◽  
D.B. Saleh ◽  
A.A.A. Coker ◽  
A.O. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Seed Technology

Abstract. The study examined the effect of improved seed technology adoption on small-scale sorghum farmers’ productivity in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed in determining the sample size from the sample frame, 240 respondents were sampled using proportionate sampling technique. Data for the study were collected using structured questionnaire containing open and closed ended questions. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that the sorghum farmers adopted Samsorg-5, Samsorg-14 and Samsorg-17 improved seeds with Samsorg-5 accounting for 64.6% level of adoption, thus ranking first. The multinomial logit regression model showed that the probability of adopting one or two improved sorghum varieties increased with the farmers’ educational level, sex, farm size and labour usage in the study area. The results further revealed that the average cost of Samsorg seeds was negative and statistically significant at one percent probability level across the groups which implies that the probability of adopting any of the improved sorghum varieties reduced with its cost. The results also indicated that Samsorg-5, Samsorg-14 and Samsorg-17 improved seeds positively affected farmer’s production and productivity at 5% levels of probability. This indicated that a percentage increased in the use of these improved seeds led to an increase in the production and productivity of sorghum farmers in the study area. Also, the influence of farm size and fertilizer on output and productivity were positive and statistically significant at 1% levels of probability. The results further revealed that, the topmost constraints faced were inadequate extension services and low level of formal education at 92.1% and 56.7% ranking 1st and 2nd, respectively. Therefore, the study recommended an action-oriented plan to reach the small scale farmers with adequate information on agricultural practices to promote adoption of improved seeds in order to increase their level of productivity. Agricultural policies should be directed at making inputs available at subsidized rate, on time and at the required level. Credit facilities should be made accessible at single digit interest rate to enable them efficiently utilize inputs in order to increase their productivity level.

scholarly journals Forage Outsourcing in the Dairy Sector: The Extent of Use and Impact on Farm Profitability

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gillespie ◽  
Richard Nehring ◽  
Carmen Sandretto ◽  
Charles Hallahan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Farm Profitability ◽  
Using Data ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Agricultural Resource Management Survey

The extent of forage purchasing behavior in milk production and its impact on profitability are analyzed using data from the 2000 and 2005 dairy versions of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey. Forage outsourcing is more common with hay than with silage and haylage, and is more prevalent in the western United States. Though silage and haylage outsourcing is found to impact profitability, the major profitability drivers appear to be farm size and efficiency. Evidence of significant forage contracting is found in the western United States.

scholarly journals Economic Appraisal of Small and Medium Scale Poultry Egg Production in Ife and Ilesha Metropolis, Osun State, Nigeria.

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Busari Ahmed Olugbenga ◽  
Okanlawon Islamiat Nike
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Medium Scale

The study appraised the economic performance of small and medium scale poultry egg production in Ife and Ilesha metropolis, Osun State Nigeria. A purposive sampling was used to select one hundred and twenty poultry egg farmers, cluster sampling was used to select areas where small and medium scale were concentrated in the study area then sixty (60) small scale and sixty (60) medium scale were randomly selected to form the population of the study. Data were collected through structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics such as means and percentages were employed for budgetary analysis and economic performance. The ordinary least square was used to determine the significant variables influencing the gross margin of poultry egg farmers at different levels of scale of production. The study shows that the gross margin of small farms was ₦575.65 while the gross margin of medium farms was ₦43672.62. The total production cost of small and medium farms were ₦1480.25 and ₦29654.43 respectively. The results further reveal that costs of feed constituted the largest share of the total costs for the two categories of farm size. The amount spent on drug and feed were the only significant determining factors of revenue accruable to both categories of poultry egg farmers. Although, poultry egg production was profitable in the study area, the level of profit depended on the scale of operation.

Significance of Experience, Farm Size, Quantity of Propagules and Location f or Seaweed Farmers in the Divided Island of Sebatik

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 825-832
Author(s):  
James M. Alin ◽  
◽  
Datu Razali Datu Eranza ◽  
Arsiah Bahron ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Douglas Production Function

Seaweed-Kappaphycus-Euchema Cottonii and Denticulum species was first cultivated at Sabah side of Sebatik in 2009. By November 2014, sixty one Sabahan seaweed farmers cultivated 122 ha or 3,050 long lines. Thirty Sabahan seaweed farmers in Kampung Pendekar (3.2 m.t dried) and 31 in Burst Point (12.5 m.t dried) produced 16 metric tonnes of dried seaweed contributed 31% to Tawau’s total production (51 m.t). The remaining 69% were from farmers in Cowie Bay that separates Sebatik from municipality of Tawau. Indonesian in Desa Setabu, Sebatik started in 2008. However, the number of Indonesian seaweed farmers, their cultivated areas and production (as well as quality) in Sebatik increased many times higher and faster than the Sabah side of Sebatik. In 2009 more than 1,401 households in Kabupaten Nunukan (including Sebatik) cultivated over 700 ha and have produced 55,098.95 and 116, 73 m.t dried seaweed in 2010 and 2011 respectively. There is a divergence in productions from farming the sea off the same island under similar weather conditions. Which of the eight explanatory factors were affecting production of seaweeds in Sebatik? Using Cobb Douglas production function, Multiple Regression analysis was conducted on 100 samples (50 Sabahan and 50 Indonesian). Results; Variable significant at α = 0.05% are Experience in farming whereas Farm size; Quantity of propagules and Location — Dummy are the variables significant at α 0.01%. Not significant are variables Fuel; Age; Number of family members involved in farming and Education level.

scholarly journals On-farm trees are a safety net for the poorest households rather than a major contributor to food security in Rwanda

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Ndoli ◽  
Athanase Mukuralinda ◽  
Antonius G. T. Schut ◽  
Miyuki Iiyama ◽  
Jean Damascene Ndayambaje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Agroforestry Practice ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

AbstractThe world is challenged to meet the food demand of a growing population, especially in developing countries. Given the ambitious plans to scale up agroforestry in Africa, an improved understanding of the effect of agroforestry practices on the already challenged food security of rural households is crucial. The present study was undertaken to assess how on-farm trees impacted food security in addition to other household income sources in Rwanda. In each of the six agroecologies of Rwanda, a stratified sampling procedure was used where two administrative cells (4th formal administrative level) were selected in which households were randomly selected for interviews. A survey including 399 farmers was conducted and farmers were grouped in three types of agroforestry practice (i) low practitioners (LAP) represented by the first tertile, (ii) medium practitioners (MAP) represented by the second tertile and (iii) high practitioners (HAP) represented by the third tertile of households in terms of tree number. Asset values, household income sources, crop production, farm size, crop yield, and food security (food energy needs) were quantified among the types of agroforestry practice. A larger proportion of HAP households had access to adequate quantity and diversity of food when compared with MAP and LAP households. Food security probability was higher for households with more resources, including land, trees and livestock, coinciding with an increased crop and livestock income. We found no difference in asset endowment among types of agroforestry practices, while farmers in agroecologies with smaller farms (0.42 ha to 0.66 ha) had more on-farm trees (212 to 358 trees per household) than farms in agroecologies with larger farms (0.96 ha to 1.23 ha) which had 49 to 129 trees per household, probably due to differences in biophysical conditions. A positive association between tree density and food security was found in two out of six agroecologies. The proportion of income that came from tree products was high (> 20%) for a small fraction of farmers (12%), with the more food insecure households relying more on income from tree products than households with better food security status. Thus, tree income can be percieved as a “safety net” for the poorest households.

scholarly journals Farm Size, Risk Aversion and Overuse of Fertilizer: The Heterogeneity of Large-Scale and Small-Scale Wheat Farmers in Northern China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Haixia Wu ◽  
Hantao Hao ◽  
Hongzhen Lei ◽  
Yan Ge ◽  
Hengtong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Deviation Degree ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The excessive use of fertilizer has resulted in serious environmental degradation and a high health cost in China. Understanding the reasons for the overuse of fertilizer is critical to the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture, and large-scale operation is considered as one of the measures to deal with the excessive fertilizer use. Under the premise of fully considering the resource endowment and heterogeneity of large-scale farmers and small-scale farmers in production and management, different production decision-making frameworks were constructed. Based on the 300 large-scale farmers and 480 small-scale farmers in eight provinces of northern China wheat region, we analyzed the optimal fertilizer use amount and its deviation as well as the influencing factors of small-scale and large-scale farmers, then further clarified whether the development of scale management could solve the problem of excessive fertilizer use. The empirical results show that: (1) both small-scale farmers and large-scale farmers deviated from the optimal fertilizer application amount, where the deviation degree of optimal fertilizer application of small-scale farmers is significantly higher than that of large-scale farmers, with a deviation degree of 35.43% and 23.69% for small and large scale farmers, respectively; (2) not all wheat growers in North China had the problem of excessive use of chemical fertilizer, as the optimal level of chemical fertilizer application in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia are 346.5 kgha−1 and 335.25 kgha−1, while the actual fertilizer use amount was 337.2 kgha−1 and 324.6 kgha−1, respectively; and (3) the higher the risk aversion level, farmers tended to apply more fertilizer to ensure grain output. Therefore, increasing farm size should be integrated into actions such as improving technological innovation and providing better information transfer to achieve the goal of zero-increase in Chinese fertilizer use.

Small change: individual farm work and collective life in a western Nigerian savanna town, 1969–88

Africa ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane I. Guyer
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Returns To Labour ◽  
Individual Farm ◽  
Ceremonial Life ◽  
Nigerian Savanna

AbstractA comparison of data collected in western Nigeria (the Yoruba area) in 1968-69 and 1988 suggests that small-scale male farmers' patterns of work remained quite similar in the total amount of work they did and in the amount by task. This finding seemed surprising, since the study area lies in the food supply hinterland of the rapidly growing cities of Ibadan, Lagos and Abeokuta. The farming system has changed in several ways in response to increased urban demand and improved transport, including an increase in farm size on the part of male farmers. Changed cropping patterns, the increased use of hired labour and somewhat increased returns to labour seem only partly to account for the persistence. Analysis of the work data in terms of its timing, rather than in terms of time, suggests that farmers are tending to work at the same task in longer stretches ofconsecutive days, and this, in turn, is related to the marked rescheduling of traditional ceremonial life and the intensified politico-associational life moved to the weekend.

COMPARATIVE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ESTIMATION OF THE SMALL-SCALE ON-FARM COMPOUND FEED PLANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
SERGEY V. BRAGINETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
On Farm

On-farm compound feed production from self-produced raw materials is favorable to agricultural enterprises under present-day conditions. The authors carried out a comparative technical and economic study of the conventional and modular small-scale on-farm compound feed plants with a capacity of 2 tons per hour, designed for agricultural enterprises with an average livestock population of 6…8 thousand pigs. The proposed modular plant consists of two modules – the operative storage of raw materials and the main module of grinding and mixing. Modules with installed equipment are delivered and placed on a light foundation, connected by transport equipment and with tanks for raw materials and fi nished products. The conventional factory is a technological line housed in a hangar and used for crushing, metering, and mixing raw materials. It consists of a separator, a hammer mill, weighing equipment, a mixer, containers for raw materials and fi nished products, transport, and aspiration equipment. The technical and economic analysis has shown that the erection and operation of the on-farm modular enterprise require 41% less capital investments than a traditional compound feed plant of the same capacity. The use of a small-scale modular plant will reduce operating costs by 23.8% (from 3094 to 2358 thousand rubles), increase the specifi c economic eff ect from the compound feed production by 1.6% (from 8.64 to 8.78 thousand rubles per ton) and return on margin by 4% (from 10.2 to 10.6%), reduce the payback period by 42% (from 0.8 to 0.46 years), and increase the net present value by 3% (from 66167 to 68216 thousand rubles), as compared to a conventional enterprise. The modular on-farm plants producing loose compound feed with a productivity of up to 3 tons per hour are profi table and economically sound as they can increase production effi ciency of compound feeds for farm animals.`

Small-scale biodiesel production: a case study of on-farm economics

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K Mullenix ◽  
Sushil Adhikari ◽  
Max Runge ◽  
Timothy P McDonald ◽  
Ahjeong Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Farm Economics
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