scholarly journals Kemandirian dan Ketersediaan Obat Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN): Kebijakan, Harga, dan Produksi Obat

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-228
Author(s):  
Raharni Raharni ◽  
Sudibyo Supardi ◽  
Ida Diana Sari
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Drug Price ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Table Discussion ◽  
The Government

National Health Insurance (JKN) is a guarantee program that provides health protection to participants to obtain health care benefits and protection in meeting the basic health needs provided to everyone who pays contributions or whose contributions are paid by the government. Health insurance coverage includes promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative including medicines and medical devices. Since the enactment of JKN on 1 January 2014, the demand for generic drugs has greatly increased. JKN drug independence is needed in terms of drug availability, access and affordability of JKN drug.The aimed of this research is to find out the independence and availability of drugs in the JKN era. The study design was cross sectional by conducting interviews, Round Table Discussion, and tracking secondary data documents.The results of this study obtained government policies related to JKN drug price, especially generic drugs, have not fully considered the interest of community and the interest of the pharmaceutical industry, as well as drug price control policies to ensure the availability of drugs both in number and type in the JKN era, especially generic drugs that have not been optimally accessed by the public.The government needs to encourage the independence of JKN drugs, especially generic drugs that have not been fulfilled, with the development of domestic production of medicinal raw materials to support JKN, which is currently mostly imported and the price of imported raw materials continue to rise.The priority of production of medicinal raw materials based on local extractive and fermentative. Abstrak Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), merupakan program jaminan yang memberikan perlindungan kesehatan kepada peserta untuk memperoleh manfaat pemeliharaan kesehatan dan perlindungan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar kesehatan yang diberikan kepada setiap orang yang membayar iuran atau yang iurannya dibayar oleh pemerintah. Jaminan pelayanan kesehatan meliputi promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif, termasuk obat dan alat kesehatan. Sejak diberlakukannya JKN pada 1 Januari 2014, permintaan obat generik sangat meningkat pesat. Kemandirian obat JKN diperlukan dalam hal ketersediaan obat, akses, dan keterjangkauan obat JKN. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemandirian dan ketersediaan obat era JKN. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional, dengan melakukan wawancara, round table discussion, dan penelusuran dokumen data sekunder. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kebijakan pemerintah terkait harga obat JKN khususnya obat generik, belum sepenuhnya mempertimbangkan kepentingan masyarakat dan kepentingan industri farmasi,serta kebijakan pengendalian harga obat untuk menjamin ketersediaan obat baik jumlah dan jenisnya di era JKN, khususnya obat generik, belum optimal diakses oleh masyarakat. Pemerintah perlu mendorong kemandirian obat JKN khususnya obat generik yang belum terpenuhi, dengan pengembangan produksi bahan baku obat dalam negeri untuk mendukung JKN, yang saat ini sebagian besar masih impor dan harga bahan baku impor yang terus naik. Prioritas produksi bahan baku obat yaitu berbasis sumber daya lokal, ekstraktif, dan fermentatif

scholarly journals Determinants of health insurance ownership in Jordan: a cross-sectional study of population and family health survey 2017–2018

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e038945
Author(s):  
Meilian Liu ◽  
Zhaoxin Luo ◽  
Donghua Zhou ◽  
Lu Ji ◽  
Huilin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
National Development ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

ObjectivesWith about one-third of the population living below the poverty line, Jordan faces major healthcare, social and national development issues. Low insurance coverage among the poor and high out-of-pocket expenditure worsens the financial insecurity especially for the marginalised population. The Government of Jordan aims to achieve universal coverage of health insurance—a bold plan that requires research evidence for successful implementation. In this study, we aimed to assess the proportion of the population covered by any health insurance, and the determinants owing a health insurance.DesignA population-based prospective cohort study.SettingJordan.MethodsData for this study were derived from the Jordan Population and Family Health Survey, which was implemented by the Department of Statistics from early October 2017 to January 2018. Sample characteristics were described as percentages with 95% CIs. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate OR of health insurance ownership. Parsimonious model was employed to assess the sex and geographical differences.ResultsData revealed that in 2017–2018, 73.13% of the 12 992 men and women had health insurance. There was no indication of age of sex difference in health insurance ownership; however, marital status and socioeconomic factors such as wealth and education as well as internet access and geographical location appeared to be the important predictors of non-use of health insurance. The associations differed by sex and urbanicity for certain variables. Addressing these inequities may help achieve universal coverage in health insurance ownership in the population.ConclusionsMore than one-quarter of the population in Jordan were not insured. Efforts to decrease disparities in insurance coverage should focus on minimising socioeconomic and geographical disparities to promote equity in terms of healthcare services.

PARTICIPATING IN HEALTH INSURANCE AND FACTORS AFFECTING AMONG PERSONS WHOSE ENROLMENT IS VOLUNTARY IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2015 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Thi Hoai Thuong Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Lan Nguyen ◽  
Mau Duyen Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The People ◽  
Universal Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
The Social

Background:To provide information helps building policy that meets the practical situation and needs of the people with the aim at achieving the goal of universal health insurance coverage, we conducted this study with two objectives (1) To determine the rate of participating health insurance among persons whose enrolment is voluntary in some districts of ThuaThien Hue province; (2) To investigate factor affecting their participation in health insurance. Materials and Methodology:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in three districts / towns / city of ThuaThien Hue in 2014. 480 subjects in the voluntary participation group who were randomly selected from the study settings were directly interviewed to collect information on the social, economic, health insurance participation and knowledge of health insurance. Test χ2 was used to identify factors related to the participation in health insurance of the study subjects. Results:42.5% of respondents were covered by health insurance scheme. Factors related to their participation were the resident location (p = 0.042); gender (p = 0.004), age (p <0.001), chronic disease (p <0.001), economic conditions (p<0.001) and knowledge about health insurance (p <0.001). Conclusion: The rate of participating health insurance among study subjects was low at 42,5%. There was "adverse selection" in health insurance scheme among voluntary participating persons. Providing knowledge about health insurance should be one of solutions to improve effectively these problems. Key words: Health insurance, voluntary, Thua Thien Hue

Contents, Contexts, Comments Round Table Discussion

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-456
Author(s):  
Dmitrij Dobrovol’skij ◽  
Sophia Lubensky
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Table Discussion

Round Table Discussion

Cornea ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 229???236
Author(s):  
J. Aquavella ◽  
P. Bath ◽  
G. Buxton ◽  
H. Cardona ◽  
C. Dohlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Table Discussion

ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON CHEMISTRY AND MECHANISM

1982 ◽  
Vol 378 (1 Thiamin) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Frank Jordan ◽  
Roger E. Cramer ◽  
Anthony A. Gallo ◽  
Paul Haake ◽  
Rudolf Hopmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Table Discussion

Round Table Discussion

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-720
Author(s):  
EARL D. OSBORNE ◽  
JOHN R. ROSS ◽  
NORMAN M. WRONG ◽  
WALTER C. MCKEE ◽  
GEORGE S. FRAUENBERGER
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Table Discussion ◽  
General Phase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Specific Individual

Chairman Osborne: The material which we will cover will be material which must be spoken about in terms of groups of people, types of individuals and different classifications of diagnosis. We will lose a great deal of the effect of what we have to discuss if we get off on a small subject connected with an individual case, so I hope we can refrain from citing specific cases. You all recognize that we can't make progress if any of us are going to present specific individual problems on a specific case. Fortunately we have some disagreement among members of the panel for where everyone agrees there is a lack of interest, especially in the field of cutaneous diseases, and particularly in the eczematous diseases. If we seem to disagree it is because the material calls for disagreement and the literature backs us up on that disagreement. We are going to start with the general phase of the subject: the care of the skin of the newborn. I am going to ask Dr. Norman Ross to discuss the care of the skin of the newborn from the standpoint of the pediatrician. Dr. Ross: In these newborn infants overzealous cleaning of the baby and too much anxiety on the part of the nurse following birth is apt to do far more harm than good. The baby when born has a membranous covering that should not be too thoroughly and vigorously removed. Soap is not advisable. Plain water will remove sufficient of it and, in fact, delay of thorough bathing of the infant for a few days would probably be advisable.

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