Life-threatening oral mucositis following chemotherapy in a pediatric patient

Pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy may present upper airway obstruction due to severe oral mucositis. Although reversible, its clinical course correlates with the course of neutropenia and may be complicated. Thus, airway management in these patients must be determined on an individual case basis.

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A dangerous cause of airway obstruction: deep neck infection

10.22514/sv.2020.16.0101 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Deep Neck Infection ◽

Jugular Vein Thrombosis ◽

Neck Infection ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Lethal Complications ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Fascial Spaces ◽

Emergency Doctors

Deep neck infection (DNI) is an infection in the fascial spaces of the neck. Complications of DNI, including mediastinitis, internal jugular vein thrombosis, and upper airway obstruction, are severe and potentially life threatening. Therefore, early identification and accurate management of DNI are essential. We review the anatomy of the deep spaces of the neck to determine the route of DNI spread so that emergency doctors, physicians, and otorhinolaryngologists can quickly recognize the development of lethal complications of DNI, such as asphyxia from airway obstruction.

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Life-Threatening Upper Airway Obstruction After Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1097/00000539-199803000-00054 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 678

Author(s):

Martin H. Sher ◽

Donald I. Laing ◽

Emile Brands

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Nerve Block ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Glossopharyngeal Nerve ◽

Life Threatening

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Acute upper airway obstruction as a life-threatening complication of ventral bulla osteotomy: report of two consecutive cases

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports ◽

10.1177/20551169211005923 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 205511692110059

Author(s):

Michal Vlasin ◽

Richard Artingstall ◽

Barbora Mala

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Single Session ◽

Inflammatory Polyp ◽

Case Summary ◽

First Case ◽

Life Threatening

Case summary This paper presents two cases of acute postoperative upper airway obstruction following ventral bulla osteotomy (VBO) in cats. The first cat underwent a unilateral left-sided VBO for a suspected inflammatory polyp. The second cat underwent a single-session bilateral VBO procedure for bilateral otitis media. In the first case, immediate re-intubation and a gradual lightening of the anaesthetic plane resolved the clinical signs; in the second case, the patient deteriorated and went into acute cardiorespiratory arrest and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Both patients recovered well and were discharged home 3 days after surgery. Both cases were reported to show no further clinical signs on postoperative follow-up 3 weeks and 4 months after surgery, respectively. Relevance and novel information Upper airway obstruction should be regarded as a potential complication of VBO in cats.

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Life–threatening Pulmonary Oedema Secondary to Tracheal Compression

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x0203000615 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 804-806 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H. Butterell ◽

R. H. Riley

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Case Report ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Pulmonary Oedema ◽

Negative Pressure ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Tracheal Compression ◽

Negative Pressure Pulmonary Oedema ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Thyroid Goitre

We present a case of negative pressure pulmonary oedema due to an overlooked cause. A 45-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department unconscious with severe pulmonary oedema. Subsequent investigations revealed a thyroid goitre causing significant tracheal compression. This case report highlights an extremely rare but potentially dangerous sequela of upper airway obstruction.

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Airway management in vascular central airway obstruction: a literature review

10.22514/sv.2021.131 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Airway Management ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Preoperative Planning ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Surgical Reconstruction ◽

Central Airway Obstruction ◽

Central Airway

Vascular central airway obstruction (CAO) is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction in adults. CAO occurs below the level where it is invisible in a laryngoscope. Doctors therefore should pay attention to the possibilities of vascular CAO when attempting to prevent and resolve catastrophic complications from upper airway obstruction such as cardiorespiratory collapse and hemoptysis, which requires a thoughtful preoperative planning of airway management before starting a surgical reconstruction.

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Concurrent Negative-Pressure Pulmonary Edema (NPPE) and Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) after Upper Airway Obstruction

Case Reports in Cardiology ◽

10.1155/2019/5746068 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Evan Harmon ◽

Sebastian Estrada ◽

Ryan J. Koene ◽

Sula Mazimba ◽

Younghoon Kwon

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Pulmonary Edema ◽

Negative Pressure ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Takotsubo Syndrome ◽

Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema ◽

Acute Airway Obstruction ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Life Threatening

Upper airway obstruction is a potentially life-threatening emergency often encountered in the acute care, perioperative, and critical care settings. One important complication of acute obstruction is negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE). We describe two cases of acute upper airway obstruction, both of which resulted in flash pulmonary edema complicated by acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Though NPPE was suspected, these patients were also found to have Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Neither patient had prior cardiac disease, and both subsequently had a negative ischemic workup. Because TTS is a condition triggered by hyperadrenergic states, the acute airway obstruction alone or in combination with NPPE was the likely explanation for TTS in each case. These cases highlight the importance of also considering cardiogenic causes of pulmonary edema in the setting of upper airway obstruction, which we suspect generates a profound catecholamine surge and places patients at increased risk of TTS development.

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Emergent thyroidectomy with sternotomy due to acute respiratory failure with severe thyroid storm

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/rcsann.2018.0145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 100 (8) ◽

pp. e223-e225

Author(s):

A Matsushita ◽

S Hosokawa ◽

D Mochizuki ◽

J Okamura ◽

K Funai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Acute Respiratory Failure ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Total Thyroidectomy ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Thyroid Storm ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Nasal Intubation ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

Life Threatening

Huge cervical and mediastinal masses may lead to acute respiratory failure caused by laryngotracheal compression and airway obstruction. Thyroid storm is also a life-threatening endocrine emergency originating almost exclusively from uncontrolled Graves’ disease. We report a case of a 42-year-old man with acute upper airway obstruction and tachycardia from progressive swelling of a giant thyroid, in conjunction with thyroid storm resulting from uncontrolled Graves’ disease. Fibreoptic-assisted nasal intubation was performed while the patient was awake, immediately followed by emergency total thyroidectomy via a cervical and sternal approach. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and recovered well. Respiratory failure due to swelling of a giant thyroid is a life-threatening condition and should be treated immediately with endotracheal intubation while the patient is awake following emergent total thyroidectomy, even with a sternotomy.

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Severe Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Cancer Patients: Survival Analysis and Predictive Factors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17041235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1235

Author(s):

Lecidamia Cristina Leite Damascena ◽

Nyellisonn Nando Nóbrega de Lucena ◽

Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro ◽

Tarciana Liberal Pereira ◽

Luiz Medeiros Araújo Lima-Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Solid Tumors ◽

Oral Mucositis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Pediatric Cancer Patients ◽

Severe Oral Mucositis

This paper investigates the occurrence of severe oral mucositis and associated factors in blood and solid cancer pediatric patients subjected to cancer treatment, using a survival analysis. A longitudinal, descriptive, observational and inductive study of 142 pediatric patients aged from 0 to 19 years was conducted from 2013 to 2017. Data were collected using a form to record the sociodemographic characteristics and health-related aspects of patients and the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox semiparametric model. The median times to occurrence of severe oral mucositis were 35.3 and 77.1 days for patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, respectively. The Cox model showed that white cell changes and platelet counts as well as the use of natural chemotherapeutic agents are risk factors for the occurrence of oral mucositis among patients with hematologic malignancies. Nonetheless, among patients with solid tumors, the occurrence of oral mucositis was associated with female sex, mixed ethnicity, the presence of metastasis, abnormal creatinine levels, a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, and the administration of chemotherapeutic agents included in the miscellaneous group. The time to occurrence of severe oral mucositis and its associated factors varied according to cancer type.

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Airway Obstruction Secondary to Rhinoscleroma during Pregnancy

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/014556139507401109 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 74 (11) ◽

pp. 768-773 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

William B. Armstrong ◽

Steven P. Peskind ◽

Kyle L. Bressler ◽

Dennis M. Crockett

Keyword(s):

Airway Management ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Nasal Congestion ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Pregnant Patient ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

The Third ◽

Common Complaint ◽

Healthy Infants

Dyspnea is a fairly common complaint during pregnancy. However, if one excludes allergic nasal congestion of pregnancy, upper airway obstruction is a distinctly uncommon cause of dyspnea in the pregnant patient. Three cases of laryngeal rhinoscleroma in pregnant women requiring tracheostomy for airway management are reported. All three delivered healthy infants vaginally. Postpartum, two of the three were successfully decannulated, while the third became pregnant again before decannulation was accomplished. Treatment options and a review of the literature are presented.

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