scholarly journals Metastasis of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma presenting as Multiple Cystic Lesions of the Brain: Importance of Differential Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Janković ◽  
Harald Krenzlin ◽  
Naureen Keric ◽  
Florian Ringel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Cerebral Metastasis ◽  
Cortical Lesion ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Healthy Patient ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Open Biopsy ◽  
Initial Imaging ◽  
The Brain

A 62-year-old otherwise healthy patient was admitted with severe headache for several weeks. Initial imaging studies revealed multiple cystic lesions in both hemispheres. Neuroparasitic infections were considered as primary differential diagnosis. Open biopsy of a right frontal cortical lesion was performed. Pathohistological revealed the diagnosis of cerebral metastasis of adenokarcinoma.

Histiocytic lesion mimicking intrinsic brainstem neoplasm

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Weaver ◽  
Diane Armao ◽  
Joseph M. Wiley ◽  
Matthew G. Ewend
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brainstem Lesions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Imaging ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This 10-year-old girl presented with a 1-month history of progressive bulbar palsy and a solitary enhancing mass originating within the floor of the fourth ventricle. Results of initial imaging studies and presentation were suggestive of neoplasia. Subtotal resection was performed and pathological examination revealed the mass to be a histiocytic lesion, with no evidence of a glioma. The patient had no other stigmata of histiocytosis and was treated with steroid medications, resulting in prolonged resolution of the lesion. This case demonstrates that for discrete brainstem lesions the differential diagnosis includes entities other than glioma for which treatment is available. Biopsy sampling should be considered when technically feasible.

Computerized tomography in hydatid cyst of the brain

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Abbassioun ◽  
Hamid Rahmat ◽  
Nosrat O. Ameli ◽  
Mansour Tafazoli
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ct Features ◽  
Fine Print

✓ From among 1500 patients who underwent computerized tomography (CT) during an 18-month period, five cases of hydatid disease of the brain were diagnosed. The preoperative diagnosis is of paramount importance as the cyst has to be removed unruptured. The CT features of this condition are practically pathognomonic. The authors discuss the CT findings in these cases and differential diagnosis with other cystic lesions of the brain. The help that this safe and sure method of investigation gives to attain preoperative diagnosis is emphasized.

Contribution of MR imaging and CEA cystic fluid level to the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the pancreas

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A764-A764
Author(s):  
M DELHAYE ◽  
C WINANT ◽  
D DEGRE ◽  
B GULBIS ◽  
C GERVY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Fluid Level ◽  
Cystic Fluid

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Azoospermia in Men with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3144
Author(s):  
Danilo L. Andrade ◽  
Marina C. Viana ◽  
Sandro C. Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Nonobstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Sperm Cryopreservation ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Detailed Medical History

The differential diagnosis between obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia is the first step in the clinical management of azoospermic patients with infertility. It includes a detailed medical history and physical examination, semen analysis, hormonal assessment, genetic tests, and imaging studies. A testicular biopsy is reserved for the cases of doubt, mainly in patients whose history, physical examination, and endocrine analysis are inconclusive. The latter should be combined with sperm extraction for possible sperm cryopreservation. We present a detailed analysis on how to make the azoospermia differential diagnosis and discuss three clinical cases where the differential diagnosis was challenging. A coordinated effort involving reproductive urologists/andrologists, geneticists, pathologists, and embryologists will offer the best diagnostic path for men with azoospermia.

Cyst Fluid Cytologic Analysis in the Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cystic Lesions

1994 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Centeno ◽  
Kent B. Lewandrowski ◽  
Andrew L. Warshaw ◽  
Carolyn C. Compton ◽  
James F. Southern
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cyst Fluid ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Cytologic Analysis

Sleep and Violence*

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Raschka
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Central Sleep Apnea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
The Brain

Most violence connected with sleep disorder is assumed to be related to sleep walking. It is less well known that other sleep disorders can also give rise to violence. The role of narcolepsy in car accidents is mentioned. Sleep drunkenness can lead to confusion resulting in violent behaviour especially on forced awakening. This condition is associated to sleep apnea. Primary or central sleep apnea is caused by disorders of the brain stem affecting the respiratory center. Secondary or upper airway sleep apnea can be caused by virtually any condition that results in cessation of the airflow due to occlusion of the upper airway. The author describes one patient who engaged in assaultive behaviour on forced awakening following earlier alcohol consumption. The pathomechanism of violent behaviour generated by a combination of sleep apnea and respiratory pathology is described. The differential diagnosis, prevention and treatment is outlined. The use of polysomnography in diagnosis and the potentially dangerous effects of drugs with respiratory depressing effects is highlighted.

Pancreatic Cysts: Pathologic Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olca Basturk ◽  
Ipek Coban ◽  
N. Volkan Adsay
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pancreatic Cysts ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Cystic Tumors ◽  
Pathologic Classification

Abstract Context.—Cystic lesions of the pancreas are being recognized with increasing frequency and have become a more common finding in clinical practice because of the widespread use of advanced imaging modalities and the sharp drop in the mortality rate of pancreatic surgery. Consequently, in the past 2 decades, the nature of many cystic tumors in this organ has been better characterized, and significant developments have taken place in the classification and in our understanding of pancreatic cystic lesions. Objective.—To provide an overview of the current concepts in classification, differential diagnosis, and clinical/biologic behavior of pancreatic cystic tumors. Data Sources.—The authors' personal experience, based on institutional and consultation materials, combined with an analysis of the literature. Conclusions.—In contrast to solid tumors, most of which are invasive ductal adenocarcinomas with dismal prognosis, cystic lesions of the pancreas are often either benign or low-grade indolent neoplasia. However, those that are mucinous, namely, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms, constitute an important category because they have well-established malignant potential, representing an adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Those that are nonmucinous such as serous tumors, congenital cysts, lymphoepithelial cysts, and squamoid cyst of pancreatic ducts have no malignant potential. Only rare nonmucinous cystic tumors that occur as a result of degenerative/necrotic changes in otherwise solid neoplasia, such as cystic ductal adenocarcinomas, cystic pancreatic endocrine neoplasia, and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, are also malignant and have variable degrees of aggressiveness.

Factor XIII Deficiency and Intracranial Bleed: Surgical Management and Prophylaxis with Cryoprecipitate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil V. Furtado ◽  
Pranoy Hegde ◽  
Rasmi Palassery ◽  
B. P. Karunakara
Keyword(s):  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Factor Xiii Deficiency ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
High Propensity ◽  
Intracranial Bleed ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fxiii Deficiency

AbstractFactor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder with affected patients having high propensity for intracranial hemorrhage. A 12-year-old girl presented with severe headache, limb weakness, and rapidly worsening sensorium over 4 days. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and computed tomography (CT) of the head showed intraparenchymal bleed. Patient had normal coagulation profile and abnormal FXIII level. The perioperative management included cryoprecipitate transfusion to bring the FXIII value to 74%. She underwent craniotomy and evacuation of the hematoma. Postoperatively, she received prophylaxis against rebleed with cryoprecipitate. In the absence of FXIII concentrate, correction of FXIII deficiency is possible with cryoprecipitate in emergent situations.

Epilepsy and Related Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Dworetzky ◽  
Jong Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nonepileptic Seizures ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood ◽  
The Brain

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. A seizure is a sudden change in behavior that is accompanied by electrical discharges in the brain. Many patients presenting with a first-ever seizure are surprised to find that it is a very common event. A reversible or avoidable seizure precipitant, such as alcohol, argues against underlying epilepsy and therefore against treatment with medication. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, etiology, and classification of epilepsy and provides detailed descriptions of neonatal syndromes, syndromes of infancy and early childhood, and syndromes of late childhood and adolescence. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis are described, as are syncope, migraine, and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Two case histories are provided, as are sections on treatment (polytherapy, brand-name versus generic drugs, surgery, stimulation therapy, dietary treatments), complications of epilepsy and related disorders, prognosis, and quality measures. Special topics discussed are women?s issues and the elderly. Figures illustrate a left midtemporal epileptic discharge, wave activity during drowsiness, cortical dysplasias, convulsive syncope, rhythmic theta activity, right hippocamal sclerosis, and right temporal hypometabolism. Tables describe international classifications of epileptic seizures and of epilepsies, epilepsy syndromes and related seizure disorders, differential diagnosis of seizure, differentiating epileptic versus nonepileptic seizures, antiepileptic drugs, status epilepticus protocol for treatment, when to consider referral to a specialist, and quality measures in epilepsy.  This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 33 references. Key Words: Seizures, focal (partial)seizure, generalized seizures, Myoclonic seizures, Atonic seizures, Concurrent electromyographyTonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures

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