scholarly journals Eradicating Absolute Poverty in Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixiang Xiao ◽  
Junjun Hou ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Weiping Deng ◽  
Chuanchen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Education And Employment

This paper describes the specific poverty reduction practices applied in Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China. Government-subsidized programs are aimed at elderly living in poverty, people with disabilities, and migrant workers and their left-behind children. They reduce poverty mainly by building a support system for living, housing, medical care, old-age care, education, and employment. Tailored financial support are also intended for natural resources of poverty-stricken areas to be used in developing industries and forming self-development capabilities to eradicate poverty, including through industrial development, employment, and financial tool utilization.

scholarly journals Early Childhood Development and Poverty Reduction in the People’s Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ha ◽  
Ye Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Government

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has eliminated absolute poverty in 2020. Its recent national 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) highlights improving the quality of human capital as an essential goal. Research has shown that investing in early childhood development generates the highest rates of return and leads to better education, health, social, and economic outcomes. After decades of neglect, the government has been increasing investment in preschool education targeting children in ages 3–6 years since 2010. This paper recommends that a comprehensive and equitable early childhood development service system must be a priority in building essential public service systems.

Prevalence and distribution of pig helminths in the Dongting Lake Region (Hunan Province) of the People's Republic of China

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Boes ◽  
A.L. Willingham ◽  
Shi Fuhui ◽  
Hu Xuguang ◽  
L. Eriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Oesophagostomum Dentatum

AbstractThe prevalence of helminths in pigs was investigated in five rural communities situated on the embankment of Dongting Lake in Zhiyang County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China, in an area known to be endemic for Schistosoma japonicum. The helminth prevalences identified on the basis of faecal egg count analysis were: Oesophagostomum spp. (86.7%), Ascaris suum (36.7%), Metastrongylus spp. (25.8%), Strongyloides spp. (25.8%), Trichuris suis (15.8%), Globocephalus spp. (6.7%), Gnathostoma spp. (4.2%), Schistosoma japonicum (5.0%) and Fasciola spp. (1.3%). Post mortem examinations of a small number of pigs depositing eggs of different helminth species revealed the presence of Oesophagostomum dentatum, O. quadrispinulatum, A. suum, Metastrongylus apri, M. pudendotectus, T. suis, G. hispidum and Ascarops dentata. Prevalences of all helminths, with the exception of Oesophagostomum spp., were higher in young pigs (< 8 months old) compared with adult pigs. Prevalences of trematodes were very low, especially for S. japonicum which had decreased dramatically compared with previous reports from this area of P.R. China, whereas prevalences of nematodes were generally in agreement with those reported from other Yangtze River Provinces. Results from helminth prevalence studies in pigs, conducted in other provinces of P.R. China between 1987 and 1997, are presented and discussed. It was concluded that a government helminth control programme, implemented in 1995 to control S. japonicum infection in pigs in Hunan Province, may have resulted in a greatly reduced prevalence of S. japonicum in pigs in this region.

scholarly journals People’s Republic of China Poverty Reduction and Regional Cooperation Fund: Annual Report 2019

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Asian Development Bank ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Republic Of China

This report provides information about the technical assistance and grants provided through the People’s Republic of China Poverty Reduction and Regional Cooperation Fund (PRC Fund) during 2019. It includes details on the operational performance of this support. An overview of the PRC Fund—covering the background and rationale, objectives, operating principles and arrangements, and achievements—is also presented. Administered by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the PRC Fund was established in March 2005 to support poverty reduction, regional cooperation, and knowledge sharing among ADB’s developing member countries.

scholarly journals Wage Differential between Rural Migrant and Urban Workers in the People's Republic of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Cheng ◽  
Dezhuang Hu ◽  
Hongbin Li
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Rural Migrant ◽  
Earnings Gap ◽  
Rural Migrant Workers

Using a recently constructed dataset that draws on the China Employer–Employee Survey, this paper provides new evidence on the earnings gap between rural migrant and urban manufacturing workers in the People's Republic of China. When we only control for province fixed effects, we find that rural migrant workers are paid 22.3% less per month and 32.2% less per hour than urban workers. We find that the gap in hourly earnings is larger than the gap in monthly earnings because rural migrant workers tend to work an average of 5.6% more hours per month than urban workers. Using these data, we also find that 87.4% of the monthly earnings gap and 73.9% of the hourly earnings gap can be attributed to differences in the individual characteristics and human capital levels of rural migrant and urban workers. Furthermore, we find that this unexplained earnings gap varies among different groups of workers. The earnings gap is much larger (i) for workers in state-owned enterprises than in nonstate-owned enterprises, (ii) for college-educated workers than workers with lower levels of educational attainment, and (iii) in Guangdong province than in Hubei province.

scholarly journals Urbanization, Inequality, and Poverty in the People’s Republic of China

2019 ◽  
pp. 641-673
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Poverty And Inequality

Urbanization is considered to be an engine of economic growth in developing countries. Driven by policies of economic reforms and opening up, the structural changes ushered in an era of sustained and rapid economic growth for the People’s Republic of China (PRC). As a consequence, rural and urban poverty declined dramatically. At the same time, income inequality increased rapidly. To understand these important observations, this chapter inquires into the role played by urbanization in economic growth, poverty reduction, and the evolution of inequality in the PRC. Specifically, this chapter (1) analyses the relationship between urbanization, economic growth, and the evolution of inequality in the PRC; (2) focuses on the urban labour market and urban poverty; (3) portrays the multifaceted nature of poverty in the process of urbanization; and (4) analyses the effect of some anti-poverty and inequality policies in the context of urbanization.

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