scholarly journals Positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with cancer of unknown primary origin

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
S.M. Lucic ◽  
M.A. Lucic ◽  
A. Peter ◽  
D. Jovanovic ◽  
V. Vucaj-Cirilovic
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Cancer Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Primary Origin ◽  
Unknown Primary Origin

Cancer of unknown primary origin is not an uncommon clinical state, usually accounting for 2%-7% of all cancer patients. Material and methods: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed in 17 patients with histologically proven metastatic tumors of unknown primary and negative or inconclusive conventional diagnostic procedures. Results: The study included 17 patients (8 male and 9 female) age from 42 to 76 years. PET / CT has pointed out the probable localization of primary tumors in 10 patients. According histological diagnosis of carcinoma of unknown origin, most common is adenocarcinoma (64.71%). Origin of the primary cancer was found in 72.73% patients with adenocarcinoma 66.67% of respondents with squamocelular carcinoma and 50% of respondents with low differentiated carcinoma. Location of primary cancer was not found in 41.18% of the respondents, including patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma and patients with melanoma. Conclusion: FDG PET/CT demonstrates very good whole-body imaging method in evaluation of patients with unknown primary carcinoma.

scholarly journals Radiomics-Based Texture Analysis of 68Ga-DOTATATE Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Images as a Prognostic Biomarker in Adults With Neuroendocrine Cancers Treated With 177Lu-DOTATATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Atkinson ◽  
Balaji Ganeshan ◽  
Raymond Endozo ◽  
Simon Wan ◽  
Matthew D. Aldridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct

PurposeNeuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare cancers with variable behavior. A better understanding of prognosis would aid individualized management. The aim of this hypothesis-generating pilot study was to investigate the prognostic potential of tumor heterogeneity and tracer avidity in NET using texture analysis (TA) of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET) and non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) performed at baseline in patients treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE. It aims to justify a larger-scale study to evaluate its clinical value.MethodsThe pretherapy 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT scans of 44 patients with metastatic NET (carcinoid, pancreatic, thyroid, head and neck, catecholamine-secreting, and unknown primary NET) treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE were analyzed retrospectively using commercially available texture analysis research software. Image filtration extracted and enhanced objects of different sizes (fine, medium, coarse), then quantified heterogeneity by statistical and histogram-based parameters (mean intensity, standard deviation, entropy, mean of positive pixels, skewness, and kurtosis). Regions of interest were manually drawn around up to five of the most 68Ga-DOTATATE avid lesions for each patient. 68Gallium uptake on PET was quantified as SUVmax and SUVmean. Associations between imaging and clinical markers with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis. Independence of the significant univariate markers of survival was tested using multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsMeasures of heterogeneity (higher kurtosis, higher entropy, and lower skewness) on coarse-texture scale CT and unfiltered PET images predicted shorter PFS (CT coarse kurtosis: p=0.05, PET entropy: p=0.01, PET skewness: p=0.03) and shorter OS (CT coarse kurtosis: p=0.05, PET entropy: p=0.01, PET skewness p=0.02). Conventional PET parameters such as SUVmax and SUVmean showed trends towards predicting outcome but were not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis identified that CT-TA (coarse kurtosis: HR=2.57, 95% CI=1.22–5.38, p=0.013) independently predicted PFS, and PET-TA (unfiltered skewness: HR=9.05, 95% CI=1.19–68.91, p=0.033) independently predicted OS.ConclusionThese preliminary data generate a hypothesis that radiomic analysis of neuroendocrine cancer on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT may be of prognostic value and a valuable addition to the assessment of patients.

scholarly journals Prospective Study of 68Ga-DOTATATE Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Detecting Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Unknown Primary Sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira M. Sadowski ◽  
Vladimir Neychev ◽  
Corina Millo ◽  
Joanna Shih ◽  
Naris Nilubol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Biochemical Testing

Purpose Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) are increasing in incidence, and accurate staging is important for selecting the appropriate treatment. 68Ga-DOTATATE imaging is a promising approach for detecting GEPNETs and could help in selecting optimal therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to prospectively determine the clinical utility of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in detecting unknown primary and metastatic GEPNETs. Patients and Methods One hundred thirty-one patients were enrolled in a prospective study of patients undergoing 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 111In-pentetreotide single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT and multiphasic CT scan, and/or magnetic resonance imaging in a blinded fashion with comprehensive biochemical testing. The primary outcome measure was the detection of lesions by each imaging study. Results 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging detected 95.1% of lesions (95% CI, 92.4% to 96.8%) with an average maximum standardized uptake value of 65.4 ± 47 (range, 6.9 to 244), anatomic imaging detected 45.3% of lesions (95% CI, 37.9% to 52.9%), and 111In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT detected 30.9% of lesions (95% CI, 25.0% to 37.5%), with a significant difference between imaging modalities (P < .001). In four of 14 patients (28.6%), 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT found a previously unknown primary tumor, and detected primary GEPNET, lymph node, and distant metastases correctly in 72 of 113 lesions (63.7%) when compared with histopathology, with 22.1% and 38.9% detected by using 111In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT and anatomic imaging, respectively. On the basis of findings with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 43 of 131 patients (32.8%) had a change in management recommendation. In patients with carcinoid symptoms but negative biochemical testing, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT detected lesions in 65.2% of patients, 40% of which were detected neither by anatomic imaging nor by 111In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT. Conclusion 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging provides important information for accurate staging of GEPNETs and selection of appropriate treatment interventions even in the absence of biochemical evidence of disease in symptomatic patients.

The Potential Value of Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Dual-Source Computed Tomography Imaging in Coronary Bypass Surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Plass ◽  
Maximilian Y. Emmert ◽  
Oliver Gaemperli ◽  
Hatem Alkadhi ◽  
Philipp Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct

<p><b>Background:</b> We evaluated how comprehensive assessment of coronary artery lesions and their hemodynamic relevance by means of hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) imaging would affect decision-making in coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), compared with using invasive coronary angiography (ICA) alone.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> After undergoing ICA, 27 patients (21 men and 6 women; mean SD age, 66 � 10 years) planned for cardiac surgery were scheduled for myocardial perfusion stress/rest evaluation with [13N]ammonia PET and CT coronary angiography. Only ICA was available to the surgeon. Postoperatively, the performed CABG was compared with the hypothetical strategy based on hybrid PET/CT findings (regional coronary flow reserve [CFR], myocardial perfusion defects). Procedures included CABG (n = 18) alone, CABG combined with valve replacement (n = 6), and CABG combined with isolated valve replacement (n = 3). A total of 56 bypass grafts (28 venous and 28 arterial) and 66 distal anastomoses were placed.</p><p><b>Results:</b> CT evaluation showed 93% concordance (66/71) with ICA regarding significant stenoses, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 93.1%, 98.7%, 94.4%, and 98.4%, respectively. In the PET scan, 16 patients had 1 ischemic region, and 12 patients had 1 scar region, including 5 patients who presented with mixed conditions (scar and ischemia). One patient had a completely normal myocardium. Compared with the performed surgery, PET/CT fusion evaluation showed that of the performed anastomoses, 48% had documented ischemia (with a CFR <2 in 86%), 38% were nonischemic (although a CFR value <2 was found in 78%), and 14% had scar tissue (fixed perfusion defect).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Although <50% of bypasses were placed to areas with myocardial ischemia, the CFR was low in the majority of nonischemic regions, a finding that may have important prognostic relevance. PET/CT fusion imaging could potentially influence planning for CABG and provide incremental prognostic information.</p>

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