scholarly journals The asymmetric effects of currency devaluation in selected sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (230) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Joseph Odionye ◽  
Jude Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Currency Devaluation ◽  
Asymmetric Effects ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

Economic activities in many sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have weakened markedly in the last few years, with deterioration in trade balances, increasing foreign reserve depletion, and exchange rate depreciation. This situation has led to a call by the International Monetary Fund for more flexible exchange rate adjustment and even currency devaluation to reverse the economic downturn. This call for devaluation has generated controversy among economists and policymakers in these countries and has revived the need to study the effects of devaluation on economic output in SSA countries. This study therefore examines the asymmetric effects of currency devaluation as a policy shift on economic output between 1980 and 2019 in six selected SSA countries, namely Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Nigeria, and Malawi. The study employs the smooth transition regression (STR) model to determine the relative asymmetric responses of economic output to devaluation and nondevaluation regimes. The results of STR are mixed, as devaluation asymmetrically impacts positively and significantly on economic output in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique, but is insignificant in the case of Nigeria and Malawi. This mixed result suggests that the impact of currency devaluation on economic output differs across countries depending on the structure and size of the economy, the nature of goods produced, and the supportive policies in place, among other things. The policy implication of the findings is that policymakers in various countries should understand the peculiarity of core macroeconomic variables in order to design and implement robust policies.

Cross-Border Funding and Microfinance Mission Drift: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Akem Forkusam
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Mission Drift ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Ssa Countries

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has become the top priority for international funders and they are now increasing their cross-border funding to microfinance institutions (MFIs) in the region. This foreign funding is considered an additional source of capital for MFIs in the region who are facing difficulties in meeting the demand of the poor. However, these funds are provided by public and private funders who each have different motives. The paper examines the impact of these different sources of funding on microfinance performance and mission drift in SSA, which is the world’s poorest region. The study utilizes data from 212 MFIs in 30 SSA countries accessed over a three-year period (i.e. 2007, 2009, and 2011). The findings show that cross-border funding does not affect either the social or financial performance of MFIs when time and country effects are accounted for.

scholarly journals Conditional Efficiency of Official Development Assistance (ODA) on Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ladifatou GACHILI NDI GBAMBIE ◽  
Ousseni MONGBET
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

<p>Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries have benefited for more than fifty years from international aid in the form of loans and/or donations. Nevertheless, they seem not to benefit from these massive financial resources (ODA) they receive because their economic and social situation is not very good. This study aims to assess the impact of ODA on economic growth in SSA and to see if its effect on growth is conditioned by the quality of the economic policy. The estimates are conducted on a dynamic panel of twenty-three SSA countries running from 1985 to 2014. With macroeconomic data from the World Bank's CD-ROM (World Development Indicators, 2015), the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) system from Blundel and Bond (1998) was used. The results show that the impact of ODA on growth is not significant. Subsequently, when squared aid (ODA2) is included in the estimate, ODA becomes significant, meaning that a substantial amount of assistance is required to be effective in raising the economic growth rate of the SSA countries. In addition, the effectiveness of ODA is conditioned by the quality of the economic policy. This seems to be bad in SSA, hence the negative impact of the aid on economic growth.</p>

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON HUMAN WELFARE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

10.23856/3002 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Olukayode Emmanuel Maku ◽  
Bolaji Adesola Adesoye ◽  
Awoyemi Olayiwola Babasanya ◽  
Oluwaseyi Adedayo Adelowokan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Fixed And Random Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

The world has become more linked owing to the increased intensity of globalisation across regions. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has become more relatively integrated into the world economy as shown by increasing degree of trade openness and foreign direct investment. Over the same period, quality of life of people in SSA in terms of access to basic necessity, monetary and non-monetary indices of poverty have been on the declining trend. This study adopted endogenous growth theory in analysing the comparative effects of globalisation between the highly and weakly globalised economies in SSA countries. Four channels of transmission of impact of globalisation were considered: trade openness, financial and capital flows labour mobility and access to telephone. Data for 16 SSA countries – 8 weakly globalised and 8 strongly globalised countries based on KOF globalisation index, were sourced from the world Development indicator for the period of 1980-2012. The feasible generalised least square (GLS) estimator was utilized to estimate the fixed and random effects panel regression models. Hausman test was used to determine the efficient estimator between fixed and random effects. All estimated coefficients were evaluated at 5% level of significance. The outcome of the comparative analysis revealed a mix result in some cases and unidirectional in some. In all, countries with higher intensity of globalisation have a greater improvement in their human welfare indicators compared to countries with weak globalisation indices. The study then recommended an improved reform in global integration to enable the region maximize the immense benefits inherent in global connections.

scholarly journals Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. p14
Author(s):  
Dickson Wandeda ◽  
Wafula Masai ◽  
Samuel M. Nyandemo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

The paper sought to investigate the effect government expenditure on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using a panel data for 35 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2006-2018. The paper adopted dynamic panel data and estimates were achieved by using two-step system GMM while taking into account the problem of instrument proliferation. The paper provided evidence that education and health expenditure are key determinants of income growth for SSA. The impact of education spending on cross-country income variation is more effective in low income SSA countries than the middle income SSA countries. However, military expenditure on output growth is more effective in improving income level of middle income SSA countries than low income SSA countries. SSA countries should allocate more funding towards education sector and should also avail compulsory and free primary and secondary education. SSA should carry out health reforms which improve primary health and universal health insurance coverage.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Psychosocial Support During COVID-19: A Review of Health Guidelines in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽  
Otsetswe Musindo ◽  
Vuyokazi Ntlantsana ◽  
Grace Nduku Wambua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic brought in its wake an unforeseen mental health crisis. The World Health Organization published a guideline as a way of supporting mental health and psychosocial well-being of different groups during this pandemic. The impact of the pandemic has pushed governments to put measures in place to curb not only the physical health of individuals but their mental health and psychosocial well-being as well. The aim of our paper was to review mental health guidelines of some Sub Saharan African (SSA) countries: (i) to assess their appropriateness for the immediate mental health needs at this time, (ii) to form as a basis for ongoing reflection as the current pandemic evolves. Guidelines were retrieved openly from internet search and some were requested from mental health practitioners in various SSA countries. The authors designed a semi structured questionnaire, as a self-interview guide to gain insight on the experience of COVID-19 from experts in the mental health sector in the various countries. While we used a document analysis approach to analyze the data, we made use of the Mental Health Preparedness and Action Framework to discuss our findings. We received health or mental health guidelines from 10 SSA countries. Cameroon, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda all had mental health guidelines or mental health component in their health guidelines. Our experts highlight that the mental health needs of the people are of concern during this pandemic but have not been given priority. They go further to suggest that the mental health needs are slightly different during this time and requiring a different approach especially considering the measures taken to curb the spread of disease. We conclude that despite the provision of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support guidelines, gaps still exist making them inadequate to meet the mental health needs of their communities.

scholarly journals MIGRATION-TRADE NEXUS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: EVIDENCE FROM A DYNAMIC PANEL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
SUNDAY ELIJAH ◽  
Hanny Zurina Hamzah ◽  
Law Siong Hook ◽  
Shivee Ranjanee Kaliappan
Keyword(s):  
Panel Study ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Watch List ◽  
Ssa Countries ◽  
Positive Population

This study examines the impact of migration on trade in SSA region. We used the system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator with data for 45 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries from the period 1981-2015 to examine the relationship between migration and trade. The econometric results of our model for migration is negative and significant, this vindicated and validated the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Furthermore, the econometric results of this study for GDP showed it is significant and positive, population is negative and significant, and lastly exchange rate shows it is significant and positive. In general, the findings of this study supported the theories and previous studies. The robustness test showed similar results with the main results of this study. Our model has passed all the diagnostic tests that were conducted, that is, the Sargan, AR1 and AR2 tests, they were all consistent and are in line with the theory. Hence, we can conclude that our results from these estimations are valid and reliable. This study recommended that migration in SSA should be on control and watch list where this will aid in reducing migration in large numbers and some of the migration issues which trade is one of them.

scholarly journals The impact of sociodemographic and health-service factors on breast-feeding in sub-Saharan African countries with high diarrhoea mortality

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 3109-3119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix A Ogbo ◽  
John Eastwood ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Oniovo Efe-Aluta ◽  
Chukwudi Anago-Amanze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Service Factors ◽  
Ssa Countries

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine the impact of sociodemographic and health-service factors on breast-feeding in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries with high diarrhoea mortality.DesignThe study used the most recent and pooled Demographic and Health Survey data sets collected in nine SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models that adjusted for cluster and sampling weights were used to investigate the association between sociodemographic and health-service factors and breast-feeding in SSA countries.SettingSub-Saharan Africa with high diarrhoea mortality.SubjectsChildren (n 50 975) under 24 months old (Burkina Faso (2010, N 5710); Demographic Republic of Congo (2013, N 6797); Ethiopia (2013, N 4193); Kenya (2014, N 7024); Mali (2013, N 3802); Niger (2013, N 4930); Nigeria (2013, N 11 712); Tanzania (2015, N 3894); and Uganda (2010, N 2913)).ResultsOverall prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) and early initiation of breast-feeding (EIBF) was 35 and 44 %, respectively. Uganda, Ethiopia and Tanzania had higher EBF prevalence compared with Nigeria and Niger. Prevalence of EIBF was highest in Mali and lowest in Kenya. Higher educational attainment and frequent health-service visits of mothers (i.e. antenatal care, postnatal care and delivery at a health facility) were associated with EBF and EIBF.ConclusionsBreast-feeding practices in SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality varied across geographical regions. To improve breast-feeding behaviours among mothers in SSA countries with high diarrhoea mortality, breast-feeding initiatives and policies should be context-specific, measurable and culturally appropriate, and should focus on all women, particularly mothers from low socio-economic groups with limited health-service access.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document