scholarly journals Towards preparation of design spectra for Serbian National Annex to Eurocode 8: Part I: spectral shapes and regional empirical equations for scaling pseudo-acceleration spectra

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Borko Bulajic ◽  
Miodrag Manic ◽  
Djordje Ladjinovic
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Spectral Shapes

Eurocode 8 allows that any country can use its own shape of the elastic response spectrum after it defines it in the National Annex. Having in mind that such country-specific spectra are to be derived through analysis of the strong motion data recorded in the considered seismo-tectonic region, in this Paper we discuss the existing and a set of new empirical equations for scaling pseudo-acceleration spectra in Serbia and the whole region of north-western Balkans. We then compare the presented spectra to those proposed by Eurocode 8. Results show that the indiscriminate use of the strong motion data from different seismo-tectonic regions, improper classification of the local soil conditions, and neglect of the effects of deep geology, may all lead to unreliable scaling equations and to extremely biased ground motion estimates. Moreover, only two spectral shapes that are defined for wide magnitude ranges and scaled by a single PGA value, are not able to adequately represent all important features of real strong ground motion, and instead of using such normalized spectra one should rather employ the direct scaling of spectral amplitudes that is based on the analysis of regionally gathered and processed strong motion data.

scholarly journals Ground motion and rupture process of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake obtained from strong motion data of K-NET and KiK-net

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryou Honda ◽  
Shin Aoi ◽  
Nobuyuki Morikawa ◽  
Haruko Sekiguchi ◽  
Takashi Kunugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Rupture Process ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Motion Data

Introducing ISMDq—A Web Portal for Real-Time Quality Monitoring of Italian Strong-Motion Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Massa ◽  
Davide Scafidi ◽  
Claudia Mascandola ◽  
Alessio Lorenzetti
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Strong Motion Network ◽  
Quality Indexes

Abstract We present the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Strong-Motion Data-quality (ISMDq)—a new automatic system designed to check both continuous data stream and event strong-motion waveforms before online publication. The main purpose of ISMDq is to ensure accurate ground-motion data and derived products to be rapidly shared with monitoring authorities and the scientific community. ISMDq provides data-quality reports within minutes of the occurrence of Italian earthquakes with magnitude ≥3.0 and includes a detailed daily picture describing the performance of the target strong-motion networks. In this article, we describe and discuss the automatic procedures used by ISMDq to perform its data-quality check. Before an earthquake, ISMDq evaluates the selected waveforms through the estimation of quality indexes employed to reject bad data and/or to group approved data into classes of quality that are useful to quantify the level of reliability. The quality indexes are estimated based on comparisons with the background ambient noise level performed both in the time and frequency domains. As a consequence, new high- and low-noise reference levels are derived for the overall Italian strong-motion network, for each station, and for groups of stations in the same soil categories of the Eurocode 8 (Eurocode 8 [EC8], 2003). In absence of earthquakes, 24 hr streaming of ambient noise recordings are analyzed at each station to set an empirical threshold on selected data metrics and data availability, with the goal to build a station quality archive, which is daily updated in a time span of six months. The ISMDq is accessible online (see Data and Resources) from August 2020, providing rapid open access to ∼10,000 high-quality checked automatically processed strong-motion waveforms and metadata, relative to more than 160 Italian earthquakes with magnitude in the 3.0–5.2 range. Comparisons between selected strong-motion data automatically processed and then manually revised corroborate the reliability of the proposed procedures.

Ground-Motion Model for Deep Intraslab Subduction Zone Earthquakes of Northeastern India (NEI) and Adjacent Regions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky L. Chhangte ◽  
Tauhidur Rahman ◽  
Ivan G. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Northeastern India ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

ABSTRACT In this study, a ground-motion model (GMM) for deep intraslab subduction zone earthquakes in northeastern India (NEI) and adjacent regions, including portions of Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, and Nepal, is developed. Strong-motion data for deep intraslab earthquakes in NEI are very sparse, so it is not possible to develop a robust empirical GMM; hence, we used the stochastic point-source model to develop a new GMM. The model is based on ground-motion simulations of 36,500 Mw 5–8 earthquakes and epicentral distances of 50–300 km. We used region-specific key seismic parameters, for example, stress parameter, quality factor, and path duration in ground-motion simulation. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to evaluate the bias of each key seismic input parameter. We compared our GMM with the existing strong-motion data and compared our model with those of Lin and Lee (2008), Abrahamson et al. (2016), and Idini et al. (2017), which were developed for intraslab earthquakes based on VS30 and hypocentral depth. Our model gives higher values compared with their GMMs. Both peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration values are estimated for NEI and adjacent regions intraslab earthquakes.

scholarly journals Accessing European Strong-Motion Data: An Update on ORFEUS Coordinated Services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Lanzano ◽  
Lucia Luzi ◽  
Carlo Cauzzi ◽  
Jarek Bienkowski ◽  
Dino Bindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Waveform Data ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Web Interfaces ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Major Interest

Abstract Strong ground motion records and free open access to strong-motion data repositories are fundamental inputs to seismology, engineering seismology, soil dynamics, and earthquake engineering science and practice. This article presents the current status and outlook of the Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology (ORFEUS) coordinated strong-motion seismology services, namely the rapid raw strong-motion (RRSM) and the engineering strong-motion (ESM) databases and associated web interfaces and webservices. We compare and discuss the role and use of these two systems using the Mw 6.5 Norcia (Central Italy) earthquake that occurred on 30 October 2016 as an example of a well-recorded earthquake that triggered major interest in the seismological and earthquake engineering communities. The RRSM is a fully automated system for rapid dissemination of earthquake shaking information, whereas the ESM provides quality-checked, manually processed waveforms and reviewed earthquake information. The RRSM uses only data from the European Integrated Waveform Data Archive, whereas the ESM also includes offline data from other sources, such as the ITalian ACcelerometric Archive (ITACA). Advanced software tools are also included in the ESM to allow users to process strong-motion data and to select ground-motion waveform sets for seismic structural analyses. The RRSM and ESM are complementary services designed for a variety of possible stakeholders, ranging from scientists to the educated general public. The RRSM and ESM are developed, organized, and reviewed by selected members of the seismological community in Europe, including strong-motion data providers and expert users. Global access and usage of the data is encouraged. The ESM is presently the reference database for harmonized seismic hazard and risk studies in Europe. ORFEUS strong-motion data are open, “Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable,” and accompanied by licensing information. The users are encouraged to properly cite the data providers, using the digital object identifiers of the seismic networks.

Conditional Ground-Motion Models for Horizontal Peak Ground Displacement for Active Crustal Regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsuan Sung ◽  
Norman A. Abrahamson ◽  
Jyun-Yan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Tectonic Deformation ◽  
Ground Displacement ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Ground Motion Models

ABSTRACT Ground-motion models (GMMs) are developed for peak ground displacement (PGD) and for bandlimited PGD based on strong-motion data that has been filtered as part of standard processing and the total PGD that includes the tectonic deformation as well as the vibratory ground motion. For the bandlimited PGD, we develop conditional ground-motion models (CGMMs) using subsets of the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project (NGA-W2) database and the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering Taiwan Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee level 3 project database. The CGMM approach includes the observed pseudospectral acceleration (PSA(T)) as an input parameter in addition to magnitude and distance. The period of the PSA(T) is used as an input parameter; it is magnitude dependent and is based on the period for which there is the highest correlation between the ln(PGD) and ln(PSA(T)). Two CGMMs are developed: a global model based on the NGA-W2 data and a region-specific model for Taiwan. The conditional PGD models are combined with traditional GMMs for PSA(T) values to develop GMMs for both the median and standard deviation of PGD without the dependence on PSA. A second set of PGD GMMs are developed to correct for two factors: the effect of the high-pass filtering from standard record processing and the stronger large magnitude (M>6.5) scaling due to tectonic deformation. For magnitudes greater than 7, the PGD values from the total PGD GMMs are 2–5 times larger than the bandlimited PGD values based on the strong-motion data sets, but the increase is at very long periods. The appropriate PGD model to use, bandlimited PGD or total PGD, depends on the period range of interest for the specific engineering application.

Web-Based Virtual Seismic Monitoring for Pipelines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Nyman ◽  
Robert L. Nigbor
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard

Strong motion seismic monitoring systems are often installed at critical industrial facilities located in areas of moderate to high seismicity. The objective of seismic monitoring is to facilitate post-earthquake evaluation and emergency action by providing rapid detection of seismic events and associated data, alarms, and information. Seismic monitoring can play a similar role for pipelines, especially considering the added geohazard risks along right-of-ways that might include landslides, fault crossings, and liquefaction hazard areas. Because of spatial distribution, seismic monitoring for pipelines is more complex than that required for a site-specific facility. In recent years, graphical software known as “ShakeMap,” developed by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), has been used to rapidly estimate and distribute the distribution and intensity of earthquake ground motions from an earthquake. The ShakeMap solution for ground motions takes into account the distance from the earthquake source, the rock and soil conditions at sites, and variations in the propagation of seismic waves due to complexities in the structure of the Earth’s crust. ShakeMap ground motion data is available for automatic download from the USGS for potentially damaging earthquakes, e.g., Magnitude 5 and greater, within minutes after the event. USGS’ ShakeMap provides the opportunity to implement web-based systems to conduct automatic seismic monitoring for cross-county pipelines or networks of pipelines. A monitoring website can be equipped with a seismic database of fragilities that characterize geohazard vulnerabilities along pipeline right-of-ways as well as support facilities. Website software can be used to process the ground motion data to assess the threat to the pipeline system, advise pipeline controllers on the need for shutdown, and guide post-earthquake inspection on a prioritized basis. Drawing from the authors’ recent seismic monitoring experience for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline and other lifeline facilities, a conceptual plan for web-based seismic monitoring for pipelines is presented. The choice of a software platform can range from the use of open-source software available from USGS (ShakeCast) to custom software making direct use of gridded data downloads. Regardless of implementation strategy, the most convincing point to be made is that a seismic monitoring system need not require the installation of seismic instruments and the associated commitment to maintenance and hands-on seismology; instead it makes use of publicly available scientific data for rapid post-earthquake assessment.

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