scholarly journals Economic analysis of intercropping okra with legumes

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ajayi ◽  
Iyabo Adeoye ◽  
Olanrewaju Shittu

A field study was carried out in a vegetable research field of the National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Nigeria during the late raining season of 2015 to determine the appropriate okra/legume-based cropping system that will increase crop yield and farmer?s income. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three (3) replicates. The treatments comprised intercropping okra with groundnut or cowpea planted at varying spacings (60 cm x 30 cm, 60 cm x 40 cm, 60 cm x 50 cm and 60 cm x 60cm). Okra was planted at a spacing of 60 cm x 40 cm, the plot size was 3 m x 2.4 m (7.4 m2). Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using the least significant difference (LSD) test at the 5% probability level. Economic analysis of the cropping mixture was carried out using gross margin analysis, monetary advantage index and benefit to cost ratio analysis. Results revealed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.62 was recorded in okra/groundnut at 60 cm x 40 cm and LER of 1.74 was observed in okra/cowpea at 60 cm x 30 cm. Okra/cowpea intercropping system spaced at 60 cm x 30 cm was the most remunerative (N859,192/ha), followed by okra/cowpea spaced at 60 cm x 50 cm (N744,212/ha) while okra/cowpea spaced at 60 cm x 60 cm was the least remunerative. The highest gross margin of N2,188,961/ha was obtained in okra/groundnut spaced at 60 cm x 40 cm. The least return was obtained in okra/groundnut spaced at 60 cm x 60 cm (N700,103/ha). The economic analysis revealed that okra/cowpea spaced at 60 cm x 30 cm produced the highest gross margin of N859,192/ha and monetary advantage index of N450,447/ha while okra/groundnut spaced at 60 cm x 40 cm gave the highest gross margin of N2,188,961/ha and monetary advantage index of N924,642/ha.

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
MI Nazrul

The study was conducted at the farmer’s field in Sylhet under AEZ 20 during three consecutive years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 to determine the productivity and profitability of cropping patterns viz. IP: improved pattern (Mustard-T. Aus-T. Aman rice) by introducing high yielding varieties and improved management practices and FP: farmer’s pattern (Fallow-T. Aus-T. Aman rice). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Results showed that the improved pattern with management practices provided 6.88 and 22.84 % higher grain yield of T. Aus and T. Aman rice, respectively; also contributed higher mean rice equivalent yield (9.44 t ha-1) compared to farmer’s pattern.Sustainable yield index (0.36), production efficiency (39.75 kg ha-1day-1), and land use efficiency (75.98 %) were maximum in Mustard-T. Aus- T. Aman rice cropping system on an average. Similarly, the highest mean gross margin (Tk.1,12,425 ha-1) with benefit cost ratio (2.13) was obtained from improved pattern. Three years results revealed that 24% extra cost provides an ample scope of considerable improvement of the productivity with the inclusion of Mustard before T. Aus rice in improved pattern. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 1-10


2017 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Ulysses Cagasan ◽  
Ed Allan Alcober ◽  
Mark Gil Gerona ◽  
Gretchen Mae Prado

To help improve the lives of upland farmers in Barangay Caticugan, Sta. Rita, Samar, there is a need to find ways to increase crop yield and income. This study aimed to determine cropping systems that improve crop productivity, increase income and promote cropping systems technology to upland farmers in Barangay Caticugan, Sta Rita, Samar. The experimental units were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The cropping systems tested were monocropping on corn, peanut and mungbean and intercropping corn + peanut and corn + mungbean. This paper considered only the data for one cropping planted during dryseason. The growth and yield characteristics of all crops under study were not significantly (p<0.05) affected bythe cropping systems. Fresh herbage yield (t ha-1) and total yield (t ha-1) in all crops (corn, peanut & mungbean) and harvest index of peanut were significantly affected by the treatments. The significant variations on the said treatments were due to the difference in the plant population of monocultures and the intercrops. On the other hand, corn + mungbean gave a land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.16, which means that such practice is more productive than growing corn or mungbean as monocrop. Likewise, corn + peanut have an LER value of 1.20 which means corn + peanut intercropping system is more advantageous over monocropping. Economic analysis revealed that monoculture of peanut and mungbean is the most profitable cropping system as it provides a relatively higher yield and net income.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Omolola Oladoyin Ayodeji ◽  
Jonathan Jeremiah Atungwu ◽  
James Olasupo Fadeyi ◽  
Dennis Ugochukwu Ifezue ◽  
Harvester Onyibor Okoye ◽  
...  

The study determined the profitability of three different cropping systems. Data collected include cost of fixed assets, cost of variable inputs, yields and prices of outputs. Data were subjected to budgetary technique; analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of probability. Results of the gross margin analysis showed that both the intercropping and only sole Amaranth vegetable production were profitable. The intercrop production had a gross margin of N567,920/ha with a total revenue of N1, 600,000 /ha and having the highest output of 8000kg/ha while the sole Amaranth vegetable production had a gross margin of N179, 920/ha with a total revenue of N1,200,000/ha and having an output of 6000kg/ha. Also, the intercrop vegetable production had a benefit cost ratio, rate of return and gross ratio of 1.51, 0.52 and 0.66, respectively while sole Amaranth production had a benefit cost ratio, rate of return and gross ratio of 1.15, 0.15 and 0.87, respectively. The result indicates that the two vegetable productions were profitable. Further analysis revealed that intercropping did not have significant (p&lt;0.05) effect on the growth (plant height, number of leaves) of both vegetables. However, Jute yield was significantly (p&lt;0.01) affected by Amaranth-Jute intercropping. Both the intercrop and sole Amaranth enterprises were profitable, but there was a significant difference in the profitability of the intercrop cropping system practised as the Amaranth/Jute intercrop was more profitable. The intercrop is, therefore, recommended to farmers since it is more profitable and provides a variety of income generation for the farmer’s thereby ensuring food and income security.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
AA Begum ◽  
MAK Mian ◽  
SMAHM Kamal ◽  
MR Karim ◽  
RR Saha ◽  
...  

The field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Field, Joydebpur and RARS, Burirhat, Rangpur, BARI during Rabi season of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 to find out suitable combination of sorghum and gardenpea intercropping for higher productivity and monetary advantage. Treatments included in the experiment were: T1 = Sorghum normal row (SNR) + 1 row gardenpea (GP), T2 = SNR + 2 rows GP, T3 = Sorghum paired row (SPR) + 2 rows GP, T4 = SPR + 3 rows GP, T5 = SPR + 4 rows GP, T6 = Sole sorghum (60 cm ´ 10 cm) and T7 = Sole GP (30 cm ´ 10 cm). Light availability on gardenpea decreased with the increase of shade produced by sorghum canopy over the time up to 60 DAS. The lowest light availability on gardenpea was observed in T2 treatment and the highest was observed in sole gardenpea (T7) followed by T3 treatment in both the years. The maximum grain yield of sorghum was observed in T6 and it was decreased (6-10% in 2018-2019 and 1-12% in 2019-2020) at Joydebpur and (5-11% in 2018-2019 and 6-14% in 2019-2020) at Burirhat. The highest sorghum equivalent yield (SEY) of 10.93 t ha-1 in 2018-2019 and 12.02 t ha-1 in 2019-2020 at Joydebpur and 12.06 t ha-1 in 2018-2019 and 11.77 t ha-1 in 2019-2020 at Burirhat and also the highest land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.77 in 2018-2019 and 1.93 in 2019-2020 at Joydebpur and 1.79 in 2018-2019 and 1.81 in 2019-2020 at Burirhatwere observed in T5 treatment. The highest gross margin of Tk.146600 ha-1 in 2018-2019 and Tk.168400 ha-1 in 2019-2020 at Joydebpur and Tk. 169200 ha-1 in 2018-2019 and Tk.163400 ha-1 in 2019-2020 at Burirhat and also the benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 3.04 in 2018-2019 and 3.34 in 2019-2020 at Joydebpur and 3.35 in 2018-2019 and 3.27 in 2019-2020 at Burirhat were also found in the same treatment. The results revealed that sorghum paired row + 4 rows gardenpea might be agronomically feasible and economically profitable for sorghum + gardenpea intercropping system at Joydebpur and Burirhat region. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 59-68


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Mbah E.U ◽  
◽  
Emeasor K.C ◽  
Okocha P.I ◽  
Eteng E.U ◽  
...  

The application of zinc to some selected legumes (cowpea - Vignaunguiculata L. Walp., soybean – Glycine max L. Merr. or mungbean - Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) intercropped with upland rice (OryzaesativaL.) may improve the presence of residual nitrogen in the cropping system andprotein in-take of farmers faced with protein and mineral deficiency, especially zinc in their daily food menu. Information on the effect of zinc on legumes and rice is inadequate. The study investigated zinc rate effectsonshoot zinc status, grain yieldand productivity of the crop species in sole and intercrop with upland rice. There were three separate trials laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replications. Zinc rate (0, 2, 4 and 6 Kg•ha-1) were applied to the sole and intercrop in the trials. Intercropping legumes with rice exhibited a high degree of complementarity. On average, 2 Kg Zn•ha-1 gave the highest total land equivalent ratio (LER 1.89) in soybean/rice, followed by 4 Kg Zn•ha-1 (LER 1.64) in mungbean/rice compared to other zinc rates.The application of 6 Kg Zn•ha-1 in cowpea/rice intercrop gave the highesttotal gross monetary and net returns (NR) but lowest benefit–cost ratio (BCR) compared to the other trials at the same Zn rate.In mungbean/rice intercrop,highest NR (₦263692:77•ha−1)and BCR(0.90) were exhibited at 4 Kg Zn•ha-1. The application of 4 or 6 Kg Zn•ha-1in intercropping to the selected legumespecies with upland rice enhanced productivity and financial returns in the systems.


2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-489
Author(s):  
MN Islam ◽  
M Akhteruzzaman ◽  
MS Alom ◽  
MAI Sarker ◽  
MA Mannaf

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur and ARS, Burirhat, Rangpur during consecutive two years of 2009-10 and 2010-11 to find out optimum fertilizer dose for hybrid maize-mukhikachu relay cropping system. Five fertilizer combinations viz, Recommended fertilizer of hybrid maize (RFM) + 112 kg N/ha, RFM + 25% recommended fertilizer of mukhikachu (RFK), RFM + 50% RFK, RFM + 75% RFK and RFM + 100% RFK were tested on hybrid maize-mukhikachu relay cropping system. Sole crops of hybrid maize (cv. BARI Hybrid Maize-5) and mukhikachu (cv. Bilashi) with their respective recommended fertilizer dose (maize: 255-55-140-40-6-2 kg/ha NPKSZnB and mukhikachu: 112-32-95-22 kg/ha NPKS) were included for comparison. Grain yield of sole maize with recommended fertilizer practice was identical with other fertilizer combinations at both the locations. Yield and yield components of mukhikachu under different fertilizer management practices increased with the increase of fertilizer levels up to RFM + 50% RFK and then decreased at both the locations. Edible yield of sole kachu with recommended fertilizer practice was the highest but it was identical to RFM + 50% RFK at both the locations. The highest maize equivalent yield (Joy: 24.26 t/ha, Buri: 31.56 t/ha) and gross return (Joy: Tk 291120/ha, Buri: Tk 378720/ha) was recorded in RFM + 50% RFK. But the highest gross margin (Joy: Tk 207035/ha, Buri: Tk 291570/ha) was obtained from RFM + 25% RFK at Joydebpur and from RFM + 50% RFK at Burirhat. The highest benefit cost ratio (Joy: 3.69, Buri: 4.64) was found from RFM + 112 kg N/ha at both the locations. The results revealed that recommended fertilizer dose (255-55-140-40-6-2kg/ha NPKSZnB) of hybrid maize plus 112 kg N/ha (extra) might be economically profitable for hybrid maize mukhikachu relay cropping system at both the locations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16975 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 481-489, September 2013


2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-357
Author(s):  
MN Islam ◽  
M Akhteruzzaman ◽  
MS Alom

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during consecutive seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13 to optimize fertilizer rate for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system. Seven treatments viz., T1= Farmers? fertilizer dose of potato (FFDP: N504P162K309 kg/ha) + Farmers? fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (FFDM: N0 P0 K0 kg/ha), T2= FFDP + 100% N of recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (RFDM: N255 P55 K140 S40 Zn6 B2 kg/ha), T3= FFDP + 100% N & 25% others of RFDM, T4= FFDP + 100% N & 50% others of RFDM, T5= Recommended fertilizer dose of potato (RFDP: N198 P44 K194 S24 Zn6 B1.2 kg/ha) +100% N of RFDM, T6= RFDP +100% N & 25% others of RFDM, and T7= RFDP +100% N & 50% others of RFDM were tested on potato-hybrid maize relay cropping system. Potato (var. Diamant) and hybrid maize (var. BARI Hybrid Maize-9) were used in this experiment. Results indicated that yield of potato (28.38 - 28.83 t/ha) did not differ significantly but yield of hybrid maize (4.90 - 8.74 t/ha) varied significantly under different treatments. The higher grain yield (8.74 t/ha) of hybrid maize was recorded in farmers? fertilizer dose of potato or recommended fertilizer dose of potato (8.61 t/ha) along with 100% N plus 25% other fertilizers or 100% N plus 50% other fertilizers from recommended dose of hybrid maize. The highest potato equivalent yield (41.94 t/ha) and gross return (Tk. 335520/ha) were obtained from FFDP along with 100% N plus 25% others of RFDM (T3). But the highest gross margin (Tk. 219790/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.01) were found from RFDP along with 100% N plus 25% others of RFDM (T6). The results revealed that recommended fertilizer rate of potato (N198 P44 K194 S24 Zn6 B1.2 kg/ha) along with 100% N plus 25% other fertilizers from recommended fertilizer rate of hybrid maize (N255 P55 K140 S40 Zn6 B2 kg/ha) might be optimum for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system for obtaining higher economic return. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20443 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(2): 351-357, June 2014


2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
Md Rayhan Shaheb ◽  
Mahmudul Islam Nazrul ◽  
MJU Sarker

Global food and feed demands have been projected to double in the 21st century, which will further increase the pressure on the use of land, water and nutrients. To increase food productivity, production potential and economic returns, improvement of cropping system may play a vital role in this regards. A study was conducted to determine the economic consequences of two cropping patterns viz., ICP: Improved Cropping Pattern (Chickpea-T.Aus-T.Aman) and FECP: Farmer’s Existing Cropping Pattern (Fallow-T. Aus-T. Aman) through incorporation of modern high yielding varieties and improved management practices for crop production at farmers' fields of Sylhet during three consecutive years 2009-10, 2010-11, and 2011-12, respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The pooled data showed that the improved management practices for the pattern provided higher yield in T.Aus and T.Aman rice, respectively. The gross return and gross margin of ICP were higher compared to that of FECP with only 21% extra cost. The higher benefit cost ratio (2.20), rice equivalent yield (10.29 t/ha), production efficiency (27.36 kg/ha/day), land-use efficiency (91.32%) and sustainable yield index (0.41) indicated the superiority of the ICP over the FECP. Higher rice equivalent yield indicate that ICP is suitable in Sylhet region for increasing crop productivity and cropping intensity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21991 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 479-490, September 2014


2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Nazrul ◽  
MK Hasan ◽  
MRI Mondal

The study was conducted at the farmers field in Sylhet under AEZ 20 during three consecutive years 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15 to determine the productivity and profitability of cropping patterns viz., IP: improved pattern (Mung bean-T. aus-T. aman rice) and FP: farmer’s pattern (Fallow-T. aus-T. aman rice) through incorporation of high yielding varieties and improved management practices. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Results showed that the improve pattern with management practices provided 10.85 and 14.32% higher grain yield of T. aus and T. aman rice, respectively; also contributed more T. aman mean rice equivalent yield (11.81 t ha-1) compared to farmer’s pattern. Mean sustainable yield index (77.63%), production efficiency (47.88 kg ha-1day-1), and land use efficiency (67.66%) were maximum in Mung bean-T. aus- T. aman rice cropping system. Similarly, the highest mean gross margin (Tk.126762 ha-1) with benefit cost ratio (2.10) was obtained from improved pattern. Three years results revealed that 42% extra cost provides an ample scope of considerable improvement of the productivity of improved pattern with the inclusion of Mungbean before T. aus rice.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 413-424, September 2017


2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
AKM S Hoque ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MH Hossain ◽  
MAH Khan

The experiment was conducted at research field of Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Comilla during November 2012 to June 2013 with a view to find out economic fertilizer dose for potato- hybrid maize relay cropping system. The potato variety BARI Alu-7 and the maize variety BARI Hybrid Maize-7 were used. Seven fertilizer combinations viz. T1= Farmers fertilizer dose of potato (FFDP) + without additional fertilizer for maize (WAFM), T2= FFDP + 100% N of recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (RFDM), T3= FFDP + 100% N & 25% others of RFDM, T4= FFDP + 100% N & 50% others of RFDM, T5= Recommended fertilizer dose of potato (RFDP) +100% N of RFDM, T6= RFDP +100% N & 25% others of RFDM and T7= RFDP +100% N & 50% others of RFDM were tested on potato-hybrid maize relay cropping system. Farmer’s fertilizer dose for potato was 504-162-309 kg ha-1 NPK. Recommended fertilizer dose for potato and hybrid maize was 198-44-194-24-6-1.2 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB and 255-55-140-40-6-2 kgha-1 NPKSZnB, respectively. The highest potato equivalent yield (37.80 t ha-1) and gross return (4,53,600 Tk. ha-1) were obtained from T3 treatment. But the maximum gross margin (Tk. 3,03,075 Tk. ha-1) was found from treatment T1 and the highest benefit cost ratio (3.14) was observed in T5 whichwas close to T1 (3.06) and T6 (3.0) .The results revealed that recommended fertilizer dose of potato and 100% N from recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize might be used for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system for getting higher economic return at Comilla region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 9-13


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