scholarly journals Specificities of psychoses in children and adolescents with mental retardation

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Dusan Kolar ◽  
Svetomir Bojanin ◽  
Mila Kolar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Clinical Pictures ◽  
Developmental Psychiatry

Mental retardation is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by arrested or incomplete psychological development. The first part of the study deals with psychological and biological factors: etiology and pathogenesis of mental retardation and comorbid psychiatric disorders Their etiopathogenesis is similar as in other neurodevelopmental disorders and it was analyzed in the part dealing with biological specificities of persons with mental retardation. Numerous bio-psycho-social factors cause increased vulnerability of the mentally retarded to development of mental disorders. Thus, prevalence of these disorders is higher in mentally retarded persons than in general population. This study also deals with specificities regarding diagnosis of psychotic disorders in mentally retarded persons as well as neurobiologic, epidemiologic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of schizophrenic psychoses, autism and affective disorders in persons with mental retardation. Special emphasis was given to diagnostics of these disorders in mentally retarded children and adolescents, as well as to problems of differential diagnostics. Apart from other things, we have concluded that specific clinical pictures demand subspeciality approach in the frame of developmental psychiatry.

Psychiatric Disorders in Mildly and Severely Mentally Retarded Urban Children and Adolescents: Epidemiological Aspects

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gillberg ◽  
Eva Persson ◽  
Marianne Grufman ◽  
Ulla Themnér
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

A total of 149 children aged 13–17 years were examined. 83 were mildly and 66 severely mentally retarded. These children, especially the severely retarded ones, are representative of all mentally retarded children born in 1966–1970 and living in Göteborg, Sweden. 64% of the severely mentally retarded and 57% of the mildly mentally retarded children were suffering from a handicapping psychiatric condition. Autism-like ‘psychotic behaviour’ was common in the severely retarded. 0.2% of the total child population aged 13–17 years suffering from the combination of mental retardation and ‘psychotic behaviour’. Epilepsy was associated with psychiatric abnormality, but Down's syndrome was generally not so associated.

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC AND ETIOLOGIC FINDINGS IN MENTAL RETARDATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-485
Author(s):  
Gerald D. LaVeck ◽  
Felix de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Mental Subnormality ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

A series of 578 institutionalized mentally retarded patients was evaluated by a multi-discipline approach in order to establish a presumptive etiologic diagnosis. Abnormal electroencephalographic findings were found to be related to the age of the patient, the severity of retardation, and the presence of seizures or motor dysfunction. In this series 65.9% had abnormal tracings, and the most frequent abnormality was a focal change in 18.7%. However, focal abnormalities correlated with seizures and motor dysfunction so that no specific electroencephalographic aberration was characteristic of mental subnormality. Abnormal tracings were most frequent in nonseizure patients when subnormality was caused by intoxication, new growths, metabolic disorders, infectious processes, trauma, and encephalopathy of unknown cause in decreasing order of frequency. Abnormalities were seen in 36.4% of "cultural-familial" defectives and those whose intellectual defect was presumably due to psychologic factors. It is believed that electroencephalography is a valuable diagnostic aid in the evaluation of mentally retarded children.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL INTERACTION OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Yudhie Suchyadi ◽  
Yulia Ambarsari ◽  
Elly Sukmanasa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
The Way

Differences in the characteritics of children with special needs will require the ability of teachers to combine various abilities and talents of each child, such as mentally retarded children who need communication like children in general. His developmental delays are often excluded from his playing enviranment, thus the need for good social interaction with mentally retarded children. Based on these problems, a study was conducted to describe the findings of social interaction in mentally retarded children in extraordinary school Mentari Kita. The research is a descriptive analysis with qualitative research approach. Technique of data analysis was performed with data reduction stage, the presentation of data, and verification (conclusions). Researchers used the test of credibility, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, and konfirmabilitas to obtain the validity of the data. The result showed that the way social interaction with mental retardation children how do social contacts and communication as being able to respond when invited to communicate but it should be repeated over and over,the subject has a weakness in the concentration of so when invited to talk hard staring at your opponents interlocutor. When did the subject communication using language that sounds stilted. Social contact subject well againts his peers is characterized by sensitivity to her friends when in distress, want to help his friend like get a pencil, and divide the food per day taken by subject. Based on the above research result it can be concluded that the way the social interactions of the child with mental retardation how do social contacts and communication in accordance with the terms of the occurrence of social interaction. Keywords: Social Interaction, Mental Retardation

Comparison of Idiom Comprehension of Normal Children and Children With Mental Retardation

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen K. Ezell ◽  
Howard Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Mild Mental Retardation ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Idiom Comprehension ◽  
Picture Stimuli ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Better Than

This study compared the comprehension of 20 idioms of normal children with children exhibiting mild mental retardation. Sixty-six children comprised three groups: normal 9-year-olds, 9-year-old children with mild mental retardation, and younger normal children matched with the mentally retarded children by receptive vocabulary age. The assessment included both literal and idiomatic contexts with accompanying picture stimuli. The three groups demonstrated high accuracy with the literal contexts. On the idiomatic contexts, the normal children comprehended significantly more idioms than the children with mental retardation, and the mentally retarded children performed significantly better than the younger normal children.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN INTELEKTUAL ANAK TUNAGRAHITA RINGAN DI SD NEGERI DEMAKIJO 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Avi Yanni ◽  
Izzatin Kamala ◽  
Muhammad Shaleh Assingkily ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mild Mental Retardation ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Inclusive Schools ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

This study aims to determine (1) intellectual abilities of mentally retarded children in Demakijo State Elementary School (SD) 2 inclusive schools, (2) Obstacles faced by teachers when teaching at Demaijo State Elementary School 2, (3) Teachers' efforts in dealing with intellectual abilities of mentally retarded children in Demakijo State Elementary School 2. The type of approach used in this study is qualitative research with a survey method. Data collection techniques used were through observation and interviews with research subjects one mild retarded grade 1 student at Demakijo State Elementary School 2. The results of the intelligence test with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children (WISC) obtained the results obtained scores of 57 Verbal IQ scores included in the IQ score of 57 Mental Retardation category. IQ Performance Score 55 included in the Mental Retardation category. With the total IQ obtained is 55 included in mental retardation. Based on the analysis results contained in the table in general, mild mental retardation children are difficult to manage and do not do the work. Efforts made by teachers when experiencing difficulties in understanding the lessons conveyed by children with mild mental retardation AD is to provide personal guidance, ask questions and answer, and several times be assertive. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) kemampuan intelektual anak tunagrahita di sekolah inklusi Sekolah Dasar (SD) Negeri Demakijo 2, (2) Hambatan yang dihadapi guru ketika mengajar di SD Negeri Demaijo 2, (3) Upaya guru dalam menangani kemampuan intelektual anak tunagrahita di SD Negeri Demakijo 2. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitataif dengan metode penelitian adalah metode survei. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakanya itu melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan subjek penelitian satu anak tunagrahita ringan kelas 1 SD Negeri Demakijo 2. Hasil dari tes intelegensi dengan Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children (WISC) mendapatkan hasil skor yang didapatkan yaitu skor IQ Verbal 57 yang termasuk dalam kategori Retardasi Mental. Skor IQ Performance 55 yang termasuk dalam kategori Retardasi Mental. Dengan jumlah IQ total yang didapatkanya itu 55 termasuk dalam Retardasi mental.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang terdapat pada tabel secara umum anak tunagrahita ringan susah diatur dan tidak mengerjakan tugas. Upaya yang dilakukan guru ketika mengalami kesulitan dalam memahamkan pelajaran yang disampaikan anak tunagrahita ringan AD ialah dengan memberikan bimbingan pribadi, melakukan tanyajawab, serta beberapa kali bersikap tegas.

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