scholarly journals The acute and subchronic effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on body temperature in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Zivorad Malicevic
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hyperthermic Response ◽  
Single And Repeated Administration ◽  
Thermocouple Probe ◽  
Dose Dependent

Introduction. The consumption of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is known to cause severe hyperthermia in humans. This is of extreme importance since ecstasy is often consumed at 'rave' parties, where dancing takes place in a warm environment, which may exacerbate the effect of MDMA on thermoregulation. The present study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of single and repeated administration of MDMA on body temperature in Wistar rats. Material and methods. The study included 72 male Wistar rats, housed in groups of four in cages at a room temperature of 222oC. They were divided in two groups. The rats in the first group were treated with oral solution of MDMA (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg) and their temperature was measured hourly until 8th hour. The rats in the second group were treated with oral solution of MDMA (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg) every day during 15 days and their temperature was measured daily at 0th, 1st, 3rd, 5th and 8th hour. Temperature was measured by inserting a thermocouple probe 2,5 cm into the rectum. Results. Both groups showed dose dependent increase of body temperature, determined by rectal temperature measurements. The magnitude of hyperthemic response caused by subchronic administration of MDMA was markedly diminished during the experiment. Conclusion. The hyperthermic effect of MDMA was dose-dependent. The magnitude of the hyperthermic response was markedly diminished in subchronic administration.

Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of vigabatrin, a γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase inhibitor, in Wistar rats submitted to rotarod task

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 958-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
VR Coelho ◽  
K Sousa ◽  
TR Pires ◽  
DKM Papke ◽  
CG Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Subchronic Treatment ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Vigabatrin (VGB) is an antiepileptic drug thatincreases brain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels through irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase. The aim of this study was to evaluate neurotoxicological effects of VGB measuring motor activity and genotoxic and mutagenic effects after a single and repeated administration. Male Wistar rats received saline, VGB 50, 100, or 250 mg/kg by gavage for acute and subchronic (14 days) treatments and evaluated in the rotarod task. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the alkaline version of the comet assay in samples of blood, liver, hippocampus, and brain cortex after both treatments. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the micronucleus test in bone marrow of the same animals that received subchronic treatment. The groups treated with VGB showed similar performance in rotarod compared with the saline group. Regarding the acute treatment, it was observed that only higher VGB doses induced DNA damage in blood and hippocampus. After the subchronic treatment, VGB did not show genotoxic or mutagenic effects. In brief, VGB did not impair motor activities in rats after acute and subchronic treatments. It showed a repairable genotoxic potential in the central nervous system since genotoxicity was observed in the acute treatment group.

scholarly journals Azathioprine and Methotrexate impaired the morphology and functions of the testes in adult wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 075-081
Author(s):  
A. Akinlolu ◽  
O. Akinola ◽  
P. Khobe ◽  
K. Obasi ◽  
O. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Introduction: AAzathioprine and Methotrexate are both used in the treatment of cancer; and are classified as cytotoxic drugs with reported adverse effects such as oxidative damage to the DNA/RNA, the testes and sperm cells. This study, therefore, tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate administrations impair the morphology and functions of the testes in adult male wistar rats. Methods: AAzathioprine (50-150mg per day) and Methotrexate (2.5mg per week) are used in the treatment of cancer in adult Man. We tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate impair the morphology and functions of testes in rats. Forty adult male wistar rats (150-230g) were employed in the study: Control Group I received physiological saline while Experimental Groups II - V received oral administrations of 5mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 15mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 8mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week and 20mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week respectively for 35 days. Results: Histological examinations of the testes of rats of Groups II - V showed dose-dependent morphological anomalies such as fewer collagen ibers of connective tissues, disrupted seminiferous tubules and scanty spermatozoa when compared to rats of Group I. Statistical analyses showed dose-dependent elevated levels (P≤0.05) of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in testes homogenates of rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. This implied increased oxidative stress in rats of Groups II - V. Evaluations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Testosterone showed dose-dependent significantly elevated levels (P≤0.05) in rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the stated hypothesis.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Docetaxel Plus Saponin Fraction of Vitex doniana on Prostate Specific Antigen and p53 in Nitrsobis (2-oxopropyl) Amine-induced Prostate Toxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ifeanacho Ezeteonu Abireh ◽  
Godson Emeka Anyanwu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Saponin Fraction ◽  
Vitex Doniana ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Group 1

Aim: This study investigated the synergistic effect of docetaxel plus saponin fraction of Vitex doniana on prostate specific antigen and p53 in nitrsobis (2-oxopropyl) amine-induced prostate toxicity in Wistar rat. Methodology: Twenty-four (24) male Wistar rats with elevated serum prostate specific antigen level were selected from a group of sixty (60) rats pretreated with subcutaneous Nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine 5 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks. The selected 24 male Wistar rats were then grouped into 6 groups of four (4) rats each. Group 1 was given 1ml normal saline daily from day 1-28. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 further received subcutaneous nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine 5 mg/kg daily from day 1-28. In addition, groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given weekly intravenous docetaxel 8 mg/kg on day 15 and 22. In addition to docetaxel, groups 4, 5, and 6 were further treated with oral saponin at 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg, respectively, daily, from day 15-28. Immunoenzymometric assay method was used for analysis of blood sample for prostate specific antigen. The prostate tissues were subjected to immuno study using the ImmunoCruz Staining System (Lab Vision Corporation, Fremont, CA, USA). The quantitative evaluation of p53 was done by calculating the percentages of p53-immunostained nuclei (labeling index). Results: Significant increase in prostate specific antigen and p53 expression were observed in group 2 (treated with Nitrsobis (2-oxopropyl) amine alone) when compared with group 1 (control). Dose dependent decrease in prostate specific antigen and p53 expression were observed in groups 4, 5, and 6, treated with docetaxel 8 mg/kg plus 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg of saponin respectively. Conclusion: Docetaxel plus Saponin fraction of Vitex doniana significantly reduced the serum prostate specific antigen concentration and p53 expression in a dose dependent manner, with the group treated with 750 mg/kg showing the highest decrease in the parameters tested.

Effect of single and repeated administration of high-molecular-weight heparin in low doses on brain content of neurotransmitters in wistar rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Kondashevskaya ◽  
V. S. Kudrin ◽  
L. A. Malikova ◽  
P. M. Klodt ◽  
O. V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Single And Repeated Administration

Dose-dependent Effects of Iron Supplementation on Short-term and Long-term Memory in Adult Male Wistar Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 648-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moazedi Ahmad Ali ◽  
Khombi Shooshtari ◽  
Parham Gholam Ali
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Effect of Khatamines and Their Enantiomers on Plasma Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine Levels in Normal Wistar Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Islam ◽  
M. Tariq ◽  
F.S. El-Feraly ◽  
I.A. Al-Meshal
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Catha Edulis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Plasma Triiodothyronine

The effect of cathinone and N-formylnorephedrine, two psychoactive amines of khat (Catha edulis Forsk.) and their enantiomers have been studied on plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in male Wistar rats. The rats were injected with 5, 10 and 30 mg/kg. body weight of four khatamines and the blood samples were collected 2 h after administration. In the separate set of experiments the effect of these khatamines at 1, 2 and 4 h after their administration was also examined. All khatamines failed to produce a significant dose dependent increase in T3 and T4 levels in the dose of 5 mg/kg. However, all these compounds produced a significant dose dependent increase in T3 and T4 levels at higher doses but only T4 levels were increased following the dose of 10 mg/kg. Our studies on the effect of khatamines in T3 and T4 levels at various time showed a significant increase in T4 levels in all the four groups treated with various khatamines and the peak effect was observed in 2 h in case of (-)- and (+)-cathinone and 4 h in case of (-) and (+)N-formylnorephedrine. This study suggests that the symptoms observed in khat chewers including hyperthermia, anorexia, and metabolic changes may to some extent be attributed to the thyroid stimulating effect of khatamines. However, further studies are needed to establish the mechanism of release of thyroid hormones by these compounds and their involvement in the pharmacological effects.

scholarly journals Dual orexin receptor antagonist induces changes in core body temperature in rats after exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Martin ◽  
Yves Dauvilliers ◽  
Ouma-Chandrou Koumar ◽  
Valentine Bouet ◽  
Thomas Freret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Orexin Receptors ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractHypothalamic orexin neurons are involved in various physiological functions, including thermoregulation. The orexinergic system has been considered as a potent mediator of the exercise response. The present study describes how the antagonization of the orexinergic system by a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) modifies the thermoregulatory process during exercise. Core Body Temperature (CBT) and Spontaneous Locomotor Activity (SLA) of 12 male Wistar rats were recorded after either oral administration of DORA (30 mg/kg or 60 mg/kg) or placebo solution, both at rest and in exercise conditions with treadmill running. DORA ingestion decreased SLA for 8 hours (p < 0.001) and CBT for 4 hours (p < 0.01). CBT (°C) response was independent of SLA. The CBT level decreased from the beginning to the end of exercise when orexin receptors were antagonized, with a dose-dependent response (39.09 ± 0.36 and 38.88 ± 0.28 for 30 and 60 mg/kg; p < 0.001) compared to placebo (39.29 ± 0.31; p < 0.001). CBT increased during exercise was also blunted after DORA administration, but without dose effects of DORA. In conclusion, our results favor the role of orexin in the thermoregulation under stress related to exercise conditions.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Repeated Administration of Cadmium on Kidney, Spleen, Thymus, and Bone Marrow in 2-, 4-, and 8-Month-Old Male Wistar Rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Yamano ◽  
Mitsuru Shimizu ◽  
Tsutomu Noda
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Cardioprotective effects of Citrullus lanatus rinds in male wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
O. G. Akintunde ◽  
E. S. Ajibola ◽  
S. A. V. Abakpa ◽  
B. O. Oluwo ◽  
J. O. Olukunle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Water melon, citrullus lanatus is a common edible fruit belongs to the family of cucumber (Cucurbitacea). The outer part of citrullus lanatus known as the rind is always discarded. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds orally administered on some liver function enzymes, kidney function markers, cardiac risk ratio, and the atherogenic coefficient indices in male wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar albino rats were randomly distributed into five groups (I, II, III, IV and V) of five rats each received 0mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds respectively for 35days. The result showed that the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds was not significant difference (p > 0.05) in serum liver enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase) in increasing dose dependent manner when compared with control group. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in serum levels of urea and creatinine with increasing dose of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in rats when compared with control group. The extract showed significantly higher (p< 0.05) values in the serum HDL, cholesterol but there were significant reduction (p< 0.05) in the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and non-HDL values in rats at higher doses of the extract when compared with control group. While it was observed that the cardiac risk ratio, the atherogenic coefficient and indices decreased significantly (p< 0.05) in rats at increasing doses of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds when compared with control group. This may suggest a likely cardio-protective effects of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in increasing dose dependent manner in rats when compared with control group. In conclusion, it can be inferred that Citrullus lanatus rinds can be consumed by animals without detrimental effect.

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