Leiomyosarcoma of the colon

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. Leiomyosarcomas of the gastrointestinal tract are rare mesenchymal neoplasms which grossly and histologically resemble gastrointestinal stromal tumors. They may be differentiated from gastrointestinal stromal tumors by using immunohistochemistry and they are typically positive for ? smooth muscle actin and desmin and negative for c-kit, CD34 and DOG1.1. They often express calponin and h-caldesmon. Case Report. We present a case of a 59-year-old male with anemia, weight loss, intermittent abdominal pain and right abdominal mass. Colonoscopy revealed an exophytic ulcerated neoplastic mass in the ascending colon and abdominal computed tomography scan showed an ill-defined heterogeneous tumor mass which surrounded almost the whole ascending colon. The patient underwent right hemicolectomy and partial resection of ileum. Histopathological examination revealed a leiomyosarcoma composed of atypical spindle cells positive for ? smooth muscle actin, desmin and vimentin, and negative for c-kit, CD34, S100 and neuron specific enolase. The patient is alive 8 months after the operation, undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusion. We have concluded that the multimodal approach comprising chemotherapy and complete surgical resection controls the leiomyosarcomas.

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Colitis and “diaphragm disease” of the colon in hemodialysis patient due to prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns1512418d ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 68 (11-12) ◽

pp. 418-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nada Dimkovic ◽

Danijela Bojic ◽

Petar Svorcan ◽

Aleksandar Jankovic ◽

Petar Djuric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Ascending Colon ◽

Mesenchymal Tumors ◽

Stromal Tumors

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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors and Leiomyomas in the Dog: A Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Genetic Study of 50 Cases

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.40-1-42 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 42-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

D. Frost ◽

J. Lasota ◽

M. Miettinen

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Molecular Genetic Study ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Pathologic Features ◽

S 100

Fifty canine gastrointestinal (GI) mesenchymal tumors were examined to determine the occurrence of leiomyomas (LM) and GI stromal tumors and to compare their clinicopathologic features. Twenty-one tumors (42%) were histologically reclassified as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and 29 tumors (58%) as LMs on the basis of their histologic similarity with homologous human tumors. The GISTs occurred equally in males and females, with a mean age of 11 years (range 5–14 years). Five GISTs (24%) were associated with clinical signs and six (29%) had metastasis in liver or abdominal cavity. The GISTs occurred in large intestine (10, 48%), small bowel (six, 29%), stomach (four, 19%), and mesentery of small intestine (one, 5%). Histologically, they were highly cellular spindle, or less commonly epithelioid tumors with mitotic rates ranging from 0 to 19 per 10 HPF. Eleven tumors (52%) were positive for CD117 (KIT); seven (33%) were positive for smooth muscle actin but none for desmin and S-100 protein. Sequences of KIT exon 11, often mutated in human GISTs, were evaluated from four GISTs. Deletion of Try556-Lys557 coexisting with duplication of Gln555 in one case of GIST and T to C transition resulting in substitution of Pro for Leu575 in another were identified. The LMs occurred predominantly in males (82%) with a mean age of 11 years (range 8–17 years). Nine tumors (31%) had associated clinical signs. They occurred in the stomach (22, 76%), esophagus (four, 14%), and intestines (three, 10%); all were paucicellular, had no mitoses, and were composed of mature smooth muscle cells. Twenty-eight (97%) were positive for smooth muscle actin and 18(62%) for desmin but none for CD117 and S-100. Both GISTs and true LMs occur in the GI tract of dogs. Both tumors have distinctive pathologic features.

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Smooth Muscle Actin Expression in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of Different Localization and Morphological Types

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1093/annonc/mdu354.14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. iv499

Author(s):

V. Yakovenko ◽

S. Chekan ◽

A. Korolenko

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Actin Expression

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Immunohistochemical Staining Characteristics of Canine Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589703400406 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 303-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

R. G. LaRock ◽

P. E. Ginn

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

S 100 ◽

Microscopic Features ◽

Microscopic Diagnosis

Sections from 35 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors consisting of 14 leiomyomas (five stomach, three small intestine, two colon, four rectum), 18 leiomyosarcomas (one stomach, five small intestine, nine cecum, three rectum), two undifferentiated sarcomas (two stomach), and one neurofibrosarcoma (small intestine) were examined for the expression of vimentin, S-100 protein, α-smooth muscle actin, and desmin via immunoperoxidase methodology using an avidin-biotin complex technique. The leiomyomas were 4/14 (29%) vimentin-positive, 3/14 (21%) S-100 protein-positive, 10/14 (71%) α-smooth muscle actin-positive and 13/14 (93%) desmin-positive. Leiomyosarcomas were 18/18 (100%) vimentin-positive, 11/18 (61%) S-100 protein-positive, 9/18 (50%) α-smooth muscle actin-positive, and 15/18 (83%) desmin-positive. The undifferentiated sarcomas were 2/2 (100%) vimentin-positive, 2/2 (100%) S-100 protein-positive, 1/2 (50%) α-smooth muscle actin-positive, and 0/2 (0%) desmin-positive. The neurofibrosarcoma was vimentin and S-100 protein-positive and α-smooth muscle actin- and desmin-negative. Thirty-one of thirty-five (89%) of all neoplasms demonstrated reactivity for either desmin and/or α-smooth muscle actin. S-100 protein reactivity occurred in 17/35 (49%) of all specimens. Lack of desmin and α-smooth muscle actin reactivity occurred in 4/35 (11%) of all specimens, all of which were vimentin-positive. The immunohistochemical results indicate that the majority of canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with light microscopic features of smooth muscle cells have immunohistochemical staining patterns supporting smooth muscle differentiation. Vimentin reactivity correlated with a light microscopic diagnosis of malignancy. The lack of smooth muscle cell markers in some tumors and the high percentage of cases positive for S-100 protein may suggest a more complex histogenesis or differentiation for subgroups of these tumors.

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Immunohistochemical Comparison of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor and Solitary Fibrous Tumor

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2002-126-1189-icogst ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 126 (10) ◽

pp. 1189-1192 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Vinod B. Shidham ◽

Mamatha Chivukula ◽

Dilip Gupta ◽

R. Nagarjun Rao ◽

Richard Komorowski

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Santa Cruz ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽

Positive Immunoreactivity ◽

Fibrous Tumor

Abstract Context.—The differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) may be a diagnostic challenging because of overlapping clinicopathologic features. Many studies have shown consistent immunoreactivity for CD117 (c-Kit) in GIST. However, only a few studies have evaluated CD117 expression in SFT, and these studies have used an antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. In non-GIST lesions, reactivity with this antibody has been shown to differ from that with a CD117 antibody from Dako Corporation. The immunoreactivity of SFT with the Dako CD117 antibody has not been reported. Conversely, CD99 is a marker for SFT, and its expression in GIST has not been evaluated. Objective.—To study the immunohistochemical profiles of GIST and SFT to evaluate their diagnostic overlap. Design.—We studied the immunoreactivity of 27 unequivocal GIST and 19 unequivocal extra-abdominal SFT for CD117, CD34, CD99, α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, CD31, S100 protein, and muscle-specific actin. All antibodies, including CD117, were from Dako Corporation. Results.—We found positive immunoreactivity for CD117 in 100% of GIST and none of SFT; for CD34 in 89% of GIST, and 100% of SFT; for CD99 in 89% of GIST and 100% of SFT; for α-smooth muscle actin in 48% of GIST and 31% of SFT; for vimentin in 89% of GIST and 90% of SFT; and for muscle-specific actin in 22% of GIST and none of SFT. None of the GIST or SFT showed immunoreactivity for CD31 and S100 protein. Conclusions.—The major difference between GIST and SFT was strong CD117 immunoexpression in all GIST and an absence of this expression in all SFT. With the exception of muscle-specific actin, the prevalence of immunoreactivity for the markers studied did not differ substantially between these 2 tumors. We conclude that GIST and SFT show distinctly divergent immunoprofiles with respect to CD117 and muscle-specific actin.

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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of the Equine Cecum

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.38-2-242 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 242-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

S. Hafner ◽

B. G. Harmon ◽

T. King

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

S100 Protein ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Postmortem Examination ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Neurosecretory Granules ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Spindle Cells ◽

Cell Processes

Ten cecal tumors were identified during the postmortem examination of seven horse carcasses at slaughter (one horse had three tumors). The multinodular and hemorrhagic tumors ranged from 1 to 10 cm in diameter and consisted of spindle cells arranged in thin, interconnected trabeculae that were often separated by sinuses filled with mucinous fluid, erythrocytes, and siderophages. Spindle cells of all tumors were immuno-positive for vimentin, neuron-specific enolase, and c-kit protein but lacked reactivity with antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 protein, and desmin. In one tumor, spindle cells diffusely bound antibodies to synaptophysin. Most tumors contained focal reactivity to smooth muscle actin antibodies; one tumor reacted diffusely. Ultrastructurally, tumor cells were connected by desmosome-like structures and exhibited extended cell processes; some contained dense core neurosecretory granules. These equine stromal tumors appeared to share some characteristics with human gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

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Extraordinarily Large Malignant Extra Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumor Presenting as an Abdominal Mass

Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jbpkihs.v2i2.27875 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 84-87

Author(s):

P Paudyal ◽

TN Subba ◽

A Pradhan ◽

S Dhakal ◽

S Karki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Standard Technique ◽

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽

Epithelial Tumor ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Cut Surface ◽

Histology And Immunohistochemistry

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare of all gastrointestinal neoplasms with histology and immunohistochemistry similar to gastrointestinal stromal tumors. They occur outside the gastrointestinal tract rarely and are, hence, called the extra gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST). Herein, we report a rare case of malignant extra intestinal gastrointestinal tumor. Case report: A 39 yr old female presented to the surgical OPD with a lump in the abdomen since 4 months. We received a lobulated tumor which measured 40x25x20 cm3 and showed capsule. Cut surface was predominantly solid, grey white with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis along with cystic areas. Histopathology and immunohisto chemistry revealed it to be a malignant EGIST of mesentery because of no continuity of the tumor with the small intestine microscopically. Conclusion: EGIST is a rare no epithelial tumor of mesentery. Omentum histopathological examination is a standard technique to diagnose the tumor and to differentiate it immunohistochemically from other tumors having similar morphology. Correct diagnosis plays valuable role in the treatment.

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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a dog – a case report

Clínica Veterinária ◽

10.46958/rcv.2017.xxii.n.126.p.62-70 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol XXII (126) ◽

pp. 62-70

Author(s):

Laís Limeira Rodrigues ◽

Luis Felipe Parra Machado ◽

Rafael Limeira Rodrigues ◽

Andrea D. B. Rangel de Oliveira ◽

Eliane Ferraz Raats ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Case Report ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Intestinal Loop ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Histological Findings ◽

Appetite Loss ◽

Neoplastic Cells ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

S 100

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare in the canine species. The aim of this study was to describe a case of GIST in a ten-year-old female Beagle with appetite loss, hypodipsia and hematochezia. Clinically, a mass within the lumen of an intestinal loop was detected through ultrasonography. An intraluminal nodule within the jejunum was surgically resected. Microscopically, this nodule was composed by interlacing bundles of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells of mesenchymal origin. Neoplastic cells were immunopositive for KIT, s-100 and vimentin and were negative for desmin and muscle actin, which are markers for tumors arising from smooth muscle. Histological findings and specially the immunolabeling for KIT helped establish the diagnosis of GIST.

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Occurrence of an Abdominal Leiomyosarcoma in the Cyprinus carpio: Optical and Immunohistochemical Study

Asian Journal of Research in Zoology ◽

10.9734/ajriz/2021/v4i230109 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10-19

Author(s):

Luis Alberto Romano ◽

Virgínia Fonseca Pedrosa

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Immunohistochemical Study ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Swim Bladder ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Immunohistochemical Examination ◽

Vortex Pattern ◽

Spindle Cells

A capsulated nodular neoplasm measuring 9 cm in diameter, located between the swim bladder and the kidney sample of Cyprinuscarpio, was in laboratory. The neoplasm had a solid consistency in one sector and very adherent to the capsule. Histopathological examination of the neoplasm revealed a monotonous proliferation of spindle cells, and pleomorphic, sometimes in a vortex pattern and interspersed with collagen fibers. Cells had numerous well-oriented myofibrils giving them a deep red. The cytoplasm is eosinophilic and the nuclei are hyperchromatic located in the center with blunt or "cigar-shaped" ends. In the immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells were positive for desmin, smooth muscle actin and K-47, the latter antibody showing significant cell proliferation. Due to histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, diagnosis was made with leiomyosarcoma.

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Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Microscopic and immunihistochemical features

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0709597r ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 64 (9) ◽

pp. 597-603

Author(s):

Gorana Rancic ◽

Vuka Katic ◽

Ljubinka Jankovic-Velickovic ◽

Milan Rancic

Keyword(s):

Mitotic Index ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Mesenchymal Tumors ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

S 100 ◽

Cells Of Cajal

Background/Aim. Gastrointestinal (GI) stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of GI tract. The most frequent localization is gastric (60-70%) followed by intestinal localization (20-30%). The histogenesis, classification, diagnostic criteria and biological behavior of GIST are still discussable. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are thought to originate from interstitial pacemaker intestinal cells of Cajal. Histologic appearance of a GIST is complicated and biologic potential unpredictable. The aim of of tha study was to investigate anatomic localization , the size of the tumor, incapsulation, microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristics. Methods. The study involved 21 GIST taken by a complete resection in the period from 1994-2006. The analysed parameters were the localization, size, microscopic (mitotic index, nectosis, bleeding, invasivity) and immunohistochemical characteristics (CD117 (ckit), CD34, desmin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin and s- 100 protein expression. Results. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (n=21) size varied from 10-150 mm were most frequently gastric localised with predominance of malignant tumors (85.72%). Most GIST were comprised of a uniform spindle cell population, but some were dominated by epitheloid cells. Eosinophilic cells stained CD117, CD34 and vimentin positively, were usually arranged in fascicles with the presence of skeinoid fibers. Positive correlation of biologic potential and tumor size, haemorrhagia and mitotic index were found, so as negative correlation of biologic potential and incapsulation. Conclusion. The above results, a specially localization, tumor size, mitotic index, CD117, CD34 and vimentin positivity, may be helpful for setting of a widespread criteria for diagnostic and differential diagnosis of GIST and their use in practice and therapy. .

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