scholarly journals Greenhouse and field evaluation of two biopesticides against Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Marcic ◽  
Mirjana Prijovic ◽  
Tanja Drobnjakovic ◽  
Irena Medjo ◽  
Pantelija Peric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Botanical Pesticide ◽  
High Control ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

The mycopesticide Naturalis (based on Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040) and botanical pesticide Kingbo (based on oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens, a traditional Chinese herb) were tested against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) on greenhouse vegetables and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) on apples. These biopesticide products were applied twice at 5-day interval and concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2%, and their effectiveness was compared to abamectin-based products and the synthetic acaricides acrinathrin and spirodiclofen, applied once at their recommended rates. The mycopesticide Naturalis, applied at 0.1% concentration against T. urticae on cucumber, reduced mite population density by 85-86%, achieving 91-93% efficacy. In a trial on tomato, efficacy reached some 96%, while population density was reduced by 93%. In a field trial on apple, Naturalis demonstrated an increasing and long-lasting effectiveness against the summer population of P. ulmi of nearly 100%, and population reduction was achieved in assessments 30 days after the first treatment. Naturalis applied at a double rate achieved a somewhat better effect but only in the first trial. The botanical pesticide Kingbo, applied at 0.1% concentration, demonstrated very high control efficacy (?98%) and population density reduction (?96%) of T. urticae in both trials. A high and long-lasting effectiveness of this bioacaricide was also achieved in a trial on P. ulmi. Its concentration of 0.2% achieved similar effect. The results in these trials indicate that applications of the mycopesticide Naturalis and the botanical pesticide Kingbo can provide effective control of T. urticae on cucumber and tomato grown in greenhouses, as well as P. ulmi on apple.

Ethyl formate and phosphine fumigations on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and their biochemical responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeongnam Kim ◽  
Yong Ho Lee ◽  
Gayoung Kim ◽  
Byung-Ho Lee ◽  
Jeong-Oh Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Ethyl Formate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Abstract Two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a polyphagous pest to a variety of plants and they are hard to be controlled due to occurrence of resistance to acaricides. In this study, biochemical evaluation after ethyl formate (EF) and phosphine (PH3) fumigation towards T. urticae might help officials to control them in quarantine purposes. PH3 fumigation controlled eggs (LC50; 0.158 mg/L), nymphs (LC50; 0.030 mg/L), and adults (LC50; 0.059 mg/L) of T. urticae, and EF effectively affected nymphs (LC50; 2.826 mg/L) rather than eggs (LC50; 6.797 mg/L) and adults (LC50; 5.836 mg/L). In a longer exposure time of 20 h, PH3 fumigation was 94.2-fold more effective tool for control of T. urticae than EF fumigant. EF and PH3 inhibited cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity differently in both nymphs and adults of T. urticae. It confirmed COX is one of target sites of these fumigants in T. urticae and COX is involved in the respiratory chain as complex IV. Molecular approaches showed that EF fumigation completely down-regulated the expression of cox11 gene at the concentration of LC10 value, while PH3 up-regulated several genes greater than twofold in T. urticae nymphs treated with the concentration of LC50 value. These increased genes by PH3 fumigation are ndufv1, atpB, para, and ace, responsible for the expression of NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, ATP synthase, and acetylcholinesterase in insects, respectively. Lipidomic analyses exhibited a significant difference between two fumigants-exposed groups and the control, especially an ion with 815.46 m/z was analyzed less than twofold in the fumigants-treated group. It was identified as PI(15:1/18:3) and it may be used as a biomarker to EF and PH3 toxicity. These findings may contribute to set an effective control strategy on T. urticae by methyl bromide alternatives such as EF and PH3 because they have shared target sites on the respiratory chain in the pest.

The Role of Predators and Other Biotic Agents in Regulating the Population Density of Phytophagous Mites in Ontario Peach Orchards

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 808-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Putman ◽  
D. H. C. Herne
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
One Year ◽  
Heavy Mortality

AbstractMore than 40 species of insects and arachnids attack Panonychus ulmi (Koch), Tetranychus urticae Koch, T. canadensis (McGregor), Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson, or Aculus cornutus (Banks) in peach orchards of the Niagara Peninsula. The most effective predators attacking P. ulmi are Typhlodromus caudiglans Schuster, Haplothrips faurei Hood, Stethorus punctillum Weise, and Chrysopa spp. Peach orchards lack the predatory mirids characteristic of apple orchards. A condition, presumably disease, caused heavy mortality in one year. Endemic densities of P. ulmi are maintained in that state by predators, chiefly T. caudiglans, that subsist to a considerable extent on other sources of food, whereas epidemics of P. ulmi are reduced largely by other predators, chiefly H. faurei and S. punctillum, that increase in numbers by feeding on the mite during its period of rapid population growth but exert their greatest effect later in the season by destroying the winter eggs.

scholarly journals Management of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae [Acari: Tetranychidae] in eggplant fields

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noubar J. Bostanian ◽  
Martin Trudeau ◽  
Jacques Lasnier
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Action Threshold ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Summary A three-season field evaluation showed that eggplants (Solanum melongena) are very tolerant to damage caused by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Although large numbers of the predacious mites, Neoseiulus fallacis or Phytoseiulus persimilis were released, biological control of the two-spotted spider mite could not be sustained in the field. Based on a preliminary comparison of yield in both sprayed and unsprayed plots and on a three-year qualitative assessment, a tentative action threshold of 600 two-spotted spider mites per leaf would not decrease yield and would reduce the number of acaricide treatments per season. The new acaricide spirodiclofen was effective against the two-spotted spider mite in a preliminary trial.

scholarly journals Influence of leaf pubescence on the behavior of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi)

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Warabieda ◽  
Mike Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Stop Time ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Movement behavior of two mite species: two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) on leaves of some apple cultivars (´Greensleeves´, ´Spartan' and SA 455-2 selection) with different density of pubescence was analysed. Assessment of the leaf pubescence density was performed using an originally developed quick method based on digital pubescence mage analysis. For P.ulmi, both stop time and average speed did not depend on kind of leaf. In contrary. T.urticae revealed higher movement activity on slight pubescent leaves compared to leaves with high leaf hair density.

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