scholarly journals Selenium and vitamin E: Reproductive disorders in dairy cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Joksimovic-Todorovic ◽  
Vesna Davidovic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Harmful Effects

Selenium and vitamin E deficiency leads to reproductive disorders in dairy cows: placental retention, ovarian cysts, metritis, reduced percentage of conception, abortions, birthing of poorly vital calves. Placental retention is a post partal disorder of multifactorial etiology which has harmful effects on reproduction and the feasibility of milk production. The administration of selenium and vitamin E reduces the incidence of placental retention, which suggests that oxidative stress is responsible for the occurrence of this disorder. The occurrence of ovarian cysts has as its consequence a disorder in the oestral cycle. Vitamin E prevents oxidative damage of lipid membranes by preventing the forming of destructive hydroperoxides, acting in synergy with selenium. These nutrients protect cell membranes and lipid organelles, inhibit and destroy endogenous peroxides, and in that way protect the integrity of the membranes and reduce oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Reproductive disorders in dairy cows of the southwest of Paraná

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-539
Author(s):  
Fernanda Elisa Giacomelli ◽  
ADALGIZA PINTO NETO ◽  
MARCELO FALCI MOTA ◽  
ANTÔNIO CAMPANHA MARTINEZ ◽  
LUIZ SÉRGIO MERLINI
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
South Of Brazil

Reproductive efficiency of dairy cows is evaluated directly considering the calving interval, which is affected by nutrition, irregular estrus cycle, prolonged anestrus, and reproductive diseases. Reproductive diseases cause economic losses due to diagnosis and treatment costs, and reduction in milk production. Thus, the objective of this study was to report the occurrence of the main reproductive disorders in dairy cows of the Southwest of Paraná, South of Brazil. Data of ultrasound diagnoses were collected from 2274 cows of 70 rural properties in the municipalities of Realeza, Planalto, Capanema, Pérola do Oeste, and Santa Isabel do Oeste from January 2014 to May 2015. Reproductive disorders were found in 24.50% (557/2274) of the animals evaluated; ovarian cysts (follicular, and luteal) were the most significant disorders, found in 16.13% (367/2274) of the cases. Other disorders were found less frequently. The occurrence of follicular and luteal cysts was observed especially in primiparous animals in months of pasture transition.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, cytokine imbalance, gonadotropic synergism, or all about tocopherol in the practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
E. M. Dzhobava
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Low Cholesterol

Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in every human. The condition of oxidative stress develops when the human antioxidant defenses including the enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidases etc., and biological antioxidant molecules, are insufficient. Vitamin E is part of the antioxidant family. It plays a key role in neutralizing ROS, and its scope of activity ranges from the inhibition of heme biosynthesis and lipid peroxidation to maintaining the collagen/elastin balance. Vitamin E deficiency may be either primary or secondary; both shift the balance towards the development of oxidative stress, which may affect the normal course of pregnancy. As a result, pregnancy loss or preterm birth may ensue. Moreover, the oxidative stress can have a negative impact on the development of a fetus. In addition, the oxidative stress may play a role in various female reproductive disorders, eventually leading to infertility. In the today’s world, the popular commitment to low-cholesterol and low-fat diets often leads to an increasing number of women with vitamin E deficiency. In order to maintain normal pregnancy, this imbalance requires an adequate correction starting at the stage of preconception care.

Severe Vitamin E deficiency exacerbates acute hyperoxic lung injury associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Yamaoka ◽  
Han-Suk Kim ◽  
Tohru Ogihara ◽  
Shinya Oue ◽  
Kimitaka Takitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
Hyperoxic Lung Injury

Localization of α-tocopherol transfer protein in the brains of patients with ataxia with vitamin E deficiency and other oxidative stress related neurodegenerative disorders

1999 ◽  
Vol 822 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Copp ◽  
Thomas Wisniewski ◽  
Fayçal Hentati ◽  
Abdelmajid Larnaout ◽  
Mongi Ben Hamida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Transfer Protein

scholarly journals Is the Clinical Course of Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Oxidative Damage and the Dynamics of the Antioxidant Response?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
kaya N engin ◽  
Duygu Harmancı Karagülle ◽  
Ceren Durmaz Engin ◽  
Melis Kant ◽  
Aylin Yaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

Abstract Purpose: Oxidative stress is known to be a decisive factor in the wide etiopathogenesis of optic neuropathy. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the interaction of optic neuropathy’s clinical course with systemic oxidative damage and antioxidant response dynamics in a large series.Methods: This case-controlled clinical study included 33 non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy patients and 32 healthy individuals. Extensive systemic oxidation profiles were statistically compared between the two groups, and correlations between the clinical and biochemical data in the patient group were analyzed.Results: Vitamin E and MDA levels were significantly higher in the patient group. Significant correlations were observed in the analyses between clinical findings and oxidative stress parameters. Correlations between vitamin E and intraocular pressure, between B12 and cup-to-disc ratio, between antioxidant glutathione and SOD enzyme systems, and between uric acid and age were found to be very significant. As significant correlations were found in either clinical and biochemical data or in oxidative stress parameters, correlations between vitamin E and cholesterol, MDA was found to be very significant. Conclusions: This study not only supplies significant information regarding oxidative damage and antioxidant response in NAION, but also points out the specific interactions of neuromodulators, like vitamin E, in intracellular signaling pathways and regulation mechanisms. A better reading of these connections may help improve diagnosis, follow-ups and treatment criteria and strategies.

Vitamin E status and reproduction in sheep: potential implications for Australian sheep production

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimin Liu ◽  
David Masters ◽  
Mark Ferguson ◽  
Andrew Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Vitamin E Status

Vitamin E concentrations in dried pastures, stubble and most grains are below the recommended requirement of 10–25 mg/kg dry matter (DM). Sheep grazing in an environment when dry pastures and cereal crop stubbles are their primary source of nutrients for a few months have a high risk of developing vitamin E deficiency. If the low vitamin E status coincides with late gestation, the neonate is likely to have a deficiency of vitamin E. Some of the consequences of this are well known, with nutritional myopathy (with high mortality) a risk in young growing sheep unless vitamin E supplements are provided. Vitamin E plays an important role in the management of oxidative stress. Sperm are subject to oxidative damage due to high metabolic rate and high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their membranes. Oxidative stress may also compromise follicular development and ovarian activity. Vitamin E is also involved with improvement in immune response. For these reasons, vitamin E status is important for reproductive efficiency in both males and females and in the survival of lambs and weaners. In addition, vitamin E deficiency is potentially exacerbated by a lack of other nutrients involved in the management of oxidative stress and immune function, such as selenium (Se) and sulfur amino acids. A Se concentration of 0.1 mg/kg DM in feedstuffs is required to maintain immune competency in sheep. In considering possible consequences for reproduction, further investigation is justified into: (i) effects of low vitamin E, in combination with low levels of other natural antioxidants, on the quality and quantity of sperm produced before and during mating; (ii) follicle development, fertilisation and embryonic mortality in Se-supplemented ewes; (iii) assessment of supplementing formulated antioxidants to rams and ewes during the mating season; (iv) managing oxidative stress in the newborn – consequences of large doses of vitamin E to ewes before parturition to boost lamb reserves; (v) potential benefits to lamb survival through boosting maternal innate immunity; (vi) choices for boosting antioxidant and immune function in ewes and lambs through ‘immune pack’ nutrient options that may target nutrients lacking in dry grass pastures; (vii) the potential role of heat stress in modifying the requirements for, and responses to, vitamin E in extensive grazing systems.

Familial vitamin E deficiency: Multiorgan complications support the adverse role of oxidative stress

Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Trotta ◽  
Stefano Bortolotti ◽  
Gabriella Fugazzotto ◽  
Cinzia Gellera ◽  
Sara Montagnese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency
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