scholarly journals Radiation retinopathy in patients treated for sinus and epipharingeal malignancies

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 775-778
Author(s):  
Natalija Kosanovic-Jakovic ◽  
Dijana Risimic ◽  
Lidija Petrovic ◽  
Svetislav Milenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Retinopathy ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells ◽  
Capillary Telangiectasia ◽  
Intraretinal Hemorrhages

Background. Radiation retinopathy is vasculopathy induced by ionising radiation delivered by either brachytherapy or teletherapy for ocular and nonocular malignancies. The first signs of radiation retinopathy typically occur a few months to a few years after the exposure to ionizing radiation. Case report. In the 3 of our patients, changes like capillary telangiectasia, microaneurysms, intraretinal hemorrhages, hard exudation, and capillary nonperfusion showed a clinical picture of macular edema. Two of the patients were suspected of diabetic retinopathy, and 1 patient had optic neuropathy. In our group of patients a latent period was between 3 and 8 years. The incidence of radiation retinopathy increases significantly with the total doses of radiation above 45 Gy, and, thus, it has not been found in the lower doses. Conclusion. Radiation retinopathy is a diagnostical and therapentical problem. Clinical picture can be identical to that of diabetic retinopathy suggesting a common pathophysiologic mechanism of the damage to capillary endothelial cells, and the importance of clinical examination, anamnesis and fluorescein angiography.

scholarly journals Protective Effects ofPanax notoginsengSaponins against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Injury in Rat Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Fan ◽  
Yuan Qiao ◽  
Jianmei Huang ◽  
Minke Tang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽  
Retinal Capillary ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells

Diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of visual loss and blindness, is characterized by microvascular dysfunction. Hyperglycemia is considered the major pathogenic factor for diabetic retinopathy and is associated with increased oxidative stress in the retina. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects ofPanax notoginsengSaponins (PNS) in retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) exposed to high glucose conditions. We found a pronounced increase in cell viability in rat RCECs incubated with both PNS and high glucose (30 mM) for 48 h or 72 h. The increased viability was accompanied by reduced intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-), decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. PNS also increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD), MnSOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). The glutathione (GSH) content also increased after PNS treatment. Furthermore, PNS reduced NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression. These results indicate that PNS exerts a protective effect against high glucose-induced injury in RCECs, which may be partially attributed to its antioxidative function.

Case Report: Patient with POLG Mutation with the Clinical Picture of a Myocerebrohepatopathy Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Spiegler ◽  
Y. Hellenbroich ◽  
U. Ahting ◽  
P. Freisinger
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Polg Mutation

Diagnostic confusion in paediatric respiratory pathology. Case report

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Adina A. Zamfir-Chiru-Anton ◽  
D.C. Gheorghe
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Confusion ◽  
Respiratory Pathology

The authors present the case of a 4-year-old child admitted to the ENT Department with possible pulmonary foreign body aspiration. A detailed history revealed a clinical picture that seemed to depict an absence episode (with partial loss of conscience and cianosis) occured when eating, less the symptomes of a respiratory foreign body. Diagnosis needed full respiratory endoscopy and neurologic evaluation for correct assesment and effective therapy approach.

scholarly journals Age influences susceptibility of brain capillary endothelial cells to La Crosse virus infection and cell death

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Basu ◽  
Vinod Nair ◽  
Clayton W. Winkler ◽  
Tyson A. Woods ◽  
Iain D. C. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
La Crosse Virus ◽  
Brain Capillary ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background A key factor in the development of viral encephalitis is a virus crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We have previously shown that age-related susceptibility of mice to the La Crosse virus (LACV), the leading cause of pediatric arbovirus encephalitis in the USA, was associated with the ability of the virus to cross the BBB. LACV infection in weanling mice (aged around 3 weeks) results in vascular leakage in the olfactory bulb/tract (OB/OT) region of the brain, which is not observed in adult mice aged > 6–8 weeks. Thus, we studied age-specific differences in the response of brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) to LACV infection. Methods To examine mechanisms of LACV-induced BBB breakdown and infection of the CNS, we analyzed BCECs directly isolated from weanling and adult mice as well as established a model where these cells were infected in vitro and cultured for a short period to determine susceptibility to virus infection and cell death. Additionally, we utilized correlative light electron microscopy (CLEM) to examine whether changes in cell morphology and function were also observed in BCECs in vivo. Results BCECs from weanling, but not adult mice, had detectable infection after several days in culture when taken ex vivo from infected mice suggesting that these cells could be infected in vitro. Further analysis of BCECs from uninfected mice, infected in vitro, showed that weanling BCECs were more susceptible to virus infection than adult BCECs, with higher levels of infected cells, released virus as well as cytopathic effects (CPE) and cell death. Although direct LACV infection is not detected in the weanling BCECs, CLEM analysis of brain tissue from weanling mice indicated that LACV infection induced significant cerebrovascular damage which allowed virus-sized particles to enter the brain parenchyma. Conclusions These findings indicate that BCECs isolated from adult and weanling mice have differential viral load, infectivity, and susceptibility to LACV. These age-related differences in susceptibility may strongly influence LACV-induced BBB leakage and neurovascular damage allowing virus invasion of the CNS and the development of neurological disease.

Interaction of Neutrophils with Endothelial Cells, Fibroblasts and Their Extracellular Matrices: Microscopic and Computerised Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Marina Ziche ◽  
Lucia Morbidelli ◽  
Annalisa Rubino ◽  
Piero Dolara ◽  
Stefano Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Extracellular Matrices ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil ◽  
Initial Event ◽  
Computerised Image Analysis ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vitro Model

Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) interaction with vascular endothelial cells is the initial event in the migration of neutrophils through blood vessel walls before reaching inflammation sites in tissues. The interaction between fibroblasts and endothelial cells and their extracellular matrices might be modulated by the activation of neutrophils that occurs at inflammatory reaction sites. We have used an in vitro model to study PMN function, measuring the adhesion of human PMNs to capillary endothelial cells and fibroblasts grown in culture and to their extracellular matrices. The interaction was measured in basal conditions and in the presence of the chemotactic effector, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP at the concentration of 10 7M). Adhesion was expressed by the number of adherent PMNs/mm2 on a histological specimen. Moreover, we have adapted a program for image analysis to quantify neutrophil adhesion. Three times more PMNs adhered to matrices than to monolayers, and adherence could be increased by the presence of 10-7M FMLP, except in the case of fibroblast monolayers. We found a good correlation between microscopic observation and computerised image analysis measuring PMN adhesiveness to extracellular matrices.

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