In recent years psychologists have developed new and comprehensive models of positive human character and methods for assessing it. This chapter reviews these developments as they apply to training and preparing soldiers for combat. Positive character is especially important for those who lead others in dangerous and threatening contexts, including leaders in the military, law enforcement, firefighting, and similar occupations. A model of character strengths is described, and different approaches to formally teaching character are explored. The West Point Leader Development System in described in detail. Specific character strengths linked to successful performance in in extremis conditions are described. The relevance of new developments in character science to nonmilitary domains is discussed.