The Development of Positive Attributes of Character: On the Embodiment of Specificity, Holism, and Self-System Processes

Positive character involves a system of mutually beneficial relations between individual and context that coherently vary across ontogenetic time and enable individuals to engage the social world as moral agents. We present ideas about the development of positive character attributes using three constructs associated with relational developmental systems (RDS) metatheory: the specificity of mutually beneficial individual<-->context dynamics across time and place; holistic integration of dynamic processes of an individual with both context and all cognitive, affective, and behavioral processes; and integration of the character-system with other facets of the self-system. These features of RDS-based ideas coalesce on the embodiment of positive character development. We discuss the need for more robust interrogation of embodied features of the character development system by suggesting that coaction of morphological/physiological processes with cultural processes become part of a program of the integrated individual<-->contextual processes involved in the description, explanation, and optimization of positive character attribute development. We discuss moments of programmatic research that should be involved in this interrogation and point to the potential contribution of theory-predicated research about the embodied development of positive character attributes of to enhancing the presence of moral agency and social justice in the world.

Нарративы детей Сибири о депортации калмыков. Интервью с В. И. Бадмаевым и А. Н. Овшиновым

Introduction. This publication is devoted to the issues of deportation of the Kalmyk people to Siberia (1943–1956) and the memories that the individuals have of their traumatic experience of the exile period. It consists of an introduction, two interviews, and comments on them. The narratives belong to Kalmyks who were of preschool age at the time of Siberian exile. The purpose of the publication is to focus on “children of Siberia” as a separate generational stratum, with their own specific experiences and loyalties; Siberian villages, sites of their socialization, becoming their homeland. Of relevance are the facts that contribute to the mosaic of the Siberian life of Kalmyks and the stories shedding light on the feelings and experiences of children growing up in Siberia. Also, the author was interested in analyzing the expressions and verbal formulas, plots and associations that create the protagonists’ spontaneous narratives, and the ways the language of trauma, which arises in any narrative of the traumatic event, is used in the material under study. Data and methods. The interviews were taken by the author from V. I. Badmaev (2008) and from A. N. Ovshinov (2018); presented in the form of transcribed texts, these are examined via the method of discourse analysis. Results. The discursive strategies of the two narratives indicate their largely positive character. The author shows that, for their specific exile experience, the “children of Siberia” should be singled out into a separate generational stratum. The material will be of interest to the student of the Kalmyk deportation history and the people’s memory of the exile.

GENDER INEQUALITY AND MORAL VALUE IN "WONDER WOMAN" BY PATTY JENKINS

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: The title of this thesis is “Gender Inequality and Moral Value in “Wonder Woman” by Patty Jenkins”. The study was conducted in August 2019. The objective of this research paper was to found out the gender inequality and moral value of this movie. The research method was the qualitative. The instrument of this research were covered the list of the question designed based on the elements of the movie. The data was collected by watching the movie and reading the script movie, identifying, classifying, and analyzing based on gender inequality and moral value. 1). The result of this research showed the Gender Inequality has highest percentage of the Gender Equality. The draw of Gender conclusion that the Gender Inequality is 33,45% and Gender Equality is 21,00%. 2). The moral value are justice 17,41%, honesty 33,45%, bravery 17,10%, responsibility 30,89%, and beneficence 31,11%. The beneficial input of analyzing the movie is that movie can be used as the advice for teacher of English can make students have positive character.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Gender Inequality; Moral Value; Movie</p>

Childhood trauma and perceived control in adulthood

Introduction: Prejudices might negatively influence the well-being of people they concern and often lead to discrimination. Hence, it’s important to search for effective ways to improve intergroup attitudes and implement them during education. One of the most effective known methods is intergroup contact. However, as it’s not always possible to implement, it’s important to search for more accessible methods. The article proposes a new form of reducing prejudices, i.e. a letter of contact with fictitious outgroup members. In such interaction, people receive a letter and are asked for a reply. The method is based on two concepts of improving attitudes: imaginary contact and narrative about positive intergroup interaction. Its effectiveness in improving attitudes was experimentally tested and compared to a typical imaginary contact task. Method: Participants were 179 high school students. They were divided into three experimental conditions: replying to a letter from an outgroup member; replying to a similar letter from an ingroup member; imagining interaction with an ingroup member. After the manipulation, participants completed an intergroup attitudes questionnaire. Results: What had an impact on intergroup attitudes was the perceived pleasure of the task, while the type of manipulation had no effects. Conclusions: Results suggest that in manipulations based on imaginary contact or narration, responses are probably influenced not by imaging interaction with an outgroup member, but by the positive character of the task, which probably has an impact on attitudes by priming a good mood. This calls into question the effectiveness of methods of imaginary contact and narrative about the contact. They probably temporarily affect mood but have no influence on prejudice.

Swami Vivekananda’s Karma Yoga and Seligman’s PERMA Model: A Conceptual Study

The contemporary human civilization has reached the peaks of accomplishment in various knowledge domains. However, people are so obsessed with their extrinsic achievements that they have forgotten to see the psychological damage caused to themselves. So, it is very crucial to explore the remedies for psychological aberrations caused by the strains of modernization. In this regard, the research article attempts to explore two psychological frameworks: Vivekananda’s Karma Yoga and Seligman’s PERMA (Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) Model. Vivekananda’s Karma Yoga places character as the centre of influence and the positive character produces appropriate behavioural or cognitive patterns. He also infers on other dimensions of positive psychology such as integration of three Gunas (Samkhya Philosophy), altruism in work and the concept of Vasudeva Kutumbakam. Besides, the article tries conceptualizing the dimensions of Karma Yoga with the PERMA Model. Seligman’s PERMA Model acts as the foundation to the western concept of positive psychology and offers objective strategies to nurture positivity in people. Although there is a subjective or objective variation in these Indian and Western frameworks, there is a commonality in each dimension of these frameworks. The research article tries to exemplify commonalities among these dimensions and their applicability in achieving personal transformation. The article also exemplifies the application value of Karma Yoga and PERMA model at the workplace and how these two frameworks may be integrated to infuse more intrinsic and extrinsic positivity in the professionals. The scope of the conceptual study is widely elaborated in the article and it may be an enlightening outcome for the professional working in the corporate world.

Letters from Russia: impact of imaginary contact, epistolary contact, and narrative on intergroup attitudes of adolescents

Introduction: Prejudices might negatively influence the well-being of people they concern and often lead to discrimination. Hence, it’s important to search for effective ways to improve intergroup attitudes and implement them during education. One of the most effective known methods is intergroup contact. However, as it’s not always possible to implement, it’s important to search for more accessible methods. The article proposes a new form of reducing prejudices, i.e. a letter of contact with fictitious outgroup members. In such interaction, people receive a letter and are asked for a reply. The method is based on two concepts of improving attitudes: imaginary contact and narrative about positive intergroup interaction. Its effectiveness in improving attitudes was experimentally tested and compared to a typical imaginary contact task. Method: Participants were 179 high school students. They were divided into three experimental conditions: replying to a letter from an outgroup member; replying to a similar letter from an ingroup member; imagining interaction with an ingroup member. After the manipulation, participants completed an intergroup attitudes questionnaire. Results: What had an impact on intergroup attitudes was the perceived pleasure of the task, while the type of manipulation had no effects. Conclusions: Results suggest that in manipulations based on imaginary contact or narration, responses are probably influenced not by imaging interaction with an outgroup member, but by the positive character of the task, which probably has an impact on attitudes by priming a good mood. This calls into question the effectiveness of methods of imaginary contact and narrative about the contact. They probably temporarily affect mood but have no influence on prejudice.

URGENSI PENDIDIKAN MORAL DAN KARAKTER DALAM MEMBENTUK KEPRIBADIAN PESERTA DIDIK

This article discusses the urgency of moral and character education in shaping the personality of students. Character is an important thing in a person's life, because character is one of the determinants of a person's success. Therefore, a strong and positive character needs to be well formed. Education not only aims to make students smart, but also must be able to create noble values ​​or character. Character building, especially students, is urgent and urgent to be realized in order to create a better society, namely a society that can face regional and global challenges. The regional and global challenge in question is how our young generation does not only have academic abilities that focus on cognitive abilities, but affective aspects and morality are also touched. The birth of moral and character education as an effort to revive the ideal-spiritual pedagogy that was lost by the wave of positivism. The substance of moral and character education is to form a complete personality for each student. The behaviors that are expected to be born are; do honesty, help people, respect, be responsible, appreciate, cherish, accept each other, sympathy, empathy, and accept what it is. Education as the totality of efforts and actions must be carried out through three educational institutions, namely, family, school and community. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate family education institutions, school education, and community education institutions in carrying out character education. The strengthening of the three educational institutions shows that character education is needed in order to anticipate future problems that are increasingly complex.

“Concepts of Konstantine Gamsakhurdia`s “Moon`s Abduction”

“Moon`s Abduction” by Konstantine Gamsakhurdia is a very important text written in the Soviet Georgia. The writer created monumental literary landscape in the period of so called “socialist realism” literary style. The novel makes a great demand on the reader`s erudition, on his capacity to understand the complex allusions, literary, philosophical and mythological, that characterize Gamsakhurdia`s prose. The present article deals with the world-outlook of Soviet and Post-Soviet literary critique – on the background of the publicistic letters of the outstanding critics Beso Zhghenti and Soso Sigua. The novel clears up the writer`s attitude to the revolution, socialism, collectivization of agriculture, person`s role as a member of society. The Soviet and Post-Soviet critics world-outlooks are absolutely different. By the Soviet critic (Beso Zhghenti) the novel is an excessive apologia of Soviet system, of Soviet state-building, a positive character (hero) is Arzakan Zvambaia, the security officer, the ossicial of Cheka, Bolshevism is better than traditional life of Georgia, civilization is better than culture. By the Post-Soviet world-outlook (Soso Sigua) the novel is a reflection of tragedy of the Georgian nation (because of negation of Georgian traditions, unique Georgian culture), a positive character is a prince Tarash Emkhvari, cultural and well-educated person; Bolshevizm is tragedy. Literary, philosophical and mythological allusions characterize Gamsakhurdias literary heritage (verses, short-stories, novels). The article deals with the world-outlook of the author. The official of Cheka Arzakan is a patricide, another official Arlan cut the centuries-old sacral tree - Bolhevizm hates roots and traditions. There are a lot of mythological characters reflected in the novel (Aramkhutu-Amirani, Sacral-tree, Mezir – Sacral serpant…). A reader feels the influence of Nitcze and Bergson world-outlook, passages from Hesiod`s “Theogony” and Appolonios from Rodoss “Argonautica.”The novel of Konstantine Gamsakhurdia is one of the best reflections and the best samples of Georgian novel of the 30s of the 20th century epoch.

Artistic and Aesthetic Representation of the Mythological Image of the Water Damosel in the Bashkir Folk Epic (on the Material of the Epics “Akbuzatˮ and “Zayatulyak and Khyuhyluˮ)

Using the Bashkir epics “Akbuzatˮ and “Zayatulyk and Khyukhyluˮ, the article examines the mythical image of the water damosel – khaukhylu, which has significant artistic and aesthetic functions. This image takes a special place in the mythology of all peoples and in ancient sacred beliefs. Due to the fact that after the adoption of Christianity / Islam among the peoples, all the once sacred, pagan deities – the keepers of rivers and lakes, mountains and natural boundaries, forests and fields, as well as the ones connected with home, were endowed with a negative characteristic and began to be represented as an evil spirit. Such a fate was waiting for, for example, the traditional hero Baba Yaga – Yashchura, raised to the rank of a positive character, deified by the canon of the ancient Slavs, she was the keeper of the clan, its traditions and customs. Accordingly, after the adoption of Christianity, Yashchura took on that negative, pernicious character known to us from Slavic folk tales and folkloric accounts. As E.V. Pomerantsev correctly states, in the artistic and aesthetic sense in mythological legends and folkloric accounts there are always similar motives of “sudden meetingˮ, “sinking into the underwater kingdomˮ, “awards of the water kingˮ, “... the marriage of a hero in the underwater kingdomˮ, etc. In the Bashkir epic monuments observed in the article, these motives are strictly traced and successfully actualized.