Resource Regimes: Natural Resources and Social Institutions. By Oran R. Young. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982. Pp. x + 276. $25.00.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Bruce Stiftel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
University Of California

scholarly journals Reliability, Safety and Exploitation of Technical Objets - Attributes to be out of Order of Modern Civilizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Jerzy Lewitowicz ◽  
Stefan Rutkowski ◽  
Ryszard Tomaska ◽  
Andrzej Żyluk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Separate Line ◽  
Means Of Production

Abstract Civilization is a state of human society during a particular period of time, conditioned with the degree to which the humans are able to control the nature; the total of already collected material goods, means of production and exploitation, suitable skills (know-how), and social institutions. It is processes of exploitation of engineered objects and natural resources of the Earth that closely and directly relate the economy, safety (widely understood) and environmental protection. Nowadays, as the development of technology has become a hectic process, too little attention is paid to safety. People die. The above outlined considerations can be summarized in the form of the following conclusion: Exploitation is an area that covers the art of many and various activities. It is a philosophy that puts all the fields of knowledge together. Therefore, it should be considered a separate line of science.

State Administration of Natural Resources in the West

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Ostrom
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
The West

West of the one hundredth meridian, the average annual rainfall is generally less than twenty inches except for higher mountainous areas and the humid area west of the Cascade range in western Washington and Oregon and an area west of the Coast range in northwestern California. With less than twenty inches of rainfall, irrigation and dry-farming methods are required to supplement and conserve the native moisture if successful crops are to be produced. At twenty inches of rainfall successful agriculture is subject to extreme hazards from frequent droughts that call to mind the tragedy of crop failure and dust storms. In the humid Pacific Northwest the dry summer climate introduces another variable limiting successful agricultural production without supplementary water.American institutional arrangements, sustenance patterns and resource policies were conceived in humid England and developed in the humid regions of the United States. However, the general aridity of the West stands in marked contrast to the humidity that prevailed in the physical environment where American social institutions and traditions were formed. This alteration of the physical environment has caused an important shift in the balance of human ecology requiring significant modification in institutional arrangements and social policy, especially in regard to the control and development of natural resources.

Supremacy, Debasement, and Symbolic Investiture in Lawrence Kramer's Modern ‘Opera’: a Review of Lawrence Kramer, Opera and Modern Culture: Wagner and Strauss (Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 2004), ISBN 0 520 24173 8 (hb)

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-302
Author(s):  
Stephen Downes
Keyword(s):  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Defining Moments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Historical Moment

Lawrence Kramer’s latest book offers a reading of ‘Opera’ and modernity in terms of a crisis of ‘symbolic investiture’. This latter concept, developed out of the work of Pierre Bourdieu and its application by Eric Santer, is defined by Kramer as ‘the process by which social institutions grasp the inner being of the individual in its essence, and in so doing both define and confer that essence […] Although often in need of later supplements to sustain its power, this process is dramatic and discontinuous, enacted in defining moments that resonate through the rest of the person’s life and “fate”’. This symbolic investiture ‘can come in moments of rapture as well as terror, enfranchisement as well as confinement, even if each of these terms always harbors traces (if not more) of its opposite’ (5). Kramer tackles his project through interpreting examples of revolt against the concept of the norm (which, as Foucault famously argued, is based on disciplinary regulations specific to modernity) in figures of variance, deviance, and difference. He is especially interested in how ‘normative’ subjectivity can be revitalized by borrowing from the ‘abnorm’; how the supreme, as a hypertrophied form of the norm, has a secret kinship with the debased. This is a topic powerfully expressed in the exceptional states of supremacy and debasement characteristic of ‘Opera’. It is tied to Opera’s emergence at the historical moment of the ascendancy of bourgeois subjectivity and its norms, regulations, and desires.

scholarly journals Community knowledge and sustainable natural resources management: learning from the Monpa of Arunachal Pradesh

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjay K. Singh ◽  
Amish K. Sureja
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Management Learning ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

Community knowledge and local institutions play a significant role in sustainable comanagement, use and conservation of natural resources. Looking to the importance of these resources, a project, funded by the National Innovation Foundation (NIF), Ahmedabad, India was implemented to document the community knowledge associated with agriculture and natural resources in few selected Monpa tribe dominating villages of West Kameng and Tawang Districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Dynamics of various indigenous practices, gender role, culture and informal rural social institutions, cultural edges significantly contribute in managing and using the natural resources sustainably. Experiential learning and location specific knowledge play a pivotal role in ecosystem sustainability. Study also indicates the synergistic relation existing between local knowledge and ecological edges, thereby helping in sustaining livelihood in high altitude. Indigenous resource management systems are not mere traditions but adaptive responses that have evolved over time.

scholarly journals What is an institution? An ontological debate illustrating community forestry of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Dilli Prasad Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
History Of

Illustrating Community Forestry (CF) of Nepal, this article discusses the concept of ‘institution’ through the perspectives of the phenomenology of Peter Berger & Thomas Luckmann (1966), the structuration theory of Anthony Giddens (1984), and the conception of institution as people-nature relations. Phenomenologists concentrate on the structures of consciousness as individuals experienced and expressed while turning an objective world or phenomenon into a subjective one through objectivation, internalization and externalization/ institutionalization process. The structuralist holds that the creation of an institution is a reproduction of interaction between structures and actors. And other theorists (e.g., Leach et al., 1999; Ostrom 2005, 2009; Gupta et al., 2010; Young, 2010) consider that institutions for natural resources conflate with social institutions and mediate their relations. Although these theories are not explicit epistemologically in a pragmatic sense, they have indicated language, rules, (embedded) practices and knowledge are the referential artifacts of institutions. These theories are found applicable in the institutionalization/socialization history of CF as it had gone through the social rejection (i.e, objectivation) during the 1970s, internalization during the 1980s, and socialization of it during and after the 1990s. The socialization of CF after the 1990s was due to the formation of CF as a social space (a ‘structure’ or ‘institution’) to discuss social and environmental issues into one place where forest dependent users (‘actors’) rationalize the use of forest and its conservation for local environment in a more pragmatic sense (i.e., mediate people-nature relations). An institution for natural resources is, therefore, the combined perspectives of phenomenologists, structuralists, and those who think institutions as a mediator of people-nature relations. Thus, an institution is political (i.e., relations and interactions) and ecological/economic (i.e., access to natural resources, livelihood practices).

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