From Intricacy to Conciseness: A Progressive Transfer Strategy for EEG-Based Cross-Subject Emotion Recognition

Emotion plays a significant role in human daily activities, and it can be effectively recognized from EEG signals. However, individual variability limits the generalization of emotion classifiers across subjects. Domain adaptation (DA) is a reliable method to solve the issue. Due to the nonstationarity of EEG, the inferior-quality source domain data bring negative transfer in DA procedures. To solve this problem, an auto-augmentation joint distribution adaptation (AA-JDA) method and a burden-lightened and source-preferred JDA (BLSP-JDA) approach are proposed in this paper. The methods are based on a novel transfer idea, learning the specific knowledge of the target domain from the samples that are appropriate for transfer, which reduces the difficulty of transfer between two domains. On multiple emotion databases, our model shows state-of-the-art performance.

Parental Disease Specific Knowledge and Its Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life

Objective: Structured education programs have been shown to improve somatic outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a variety of chronic childhood diseases. Similar data are scarce in paediatric liver transplantation (pLTx). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of parental disease-specific knowledge and psychosocial disease outcome in patients after pLTx. Methods: Parents of 113 children (chronic liver disease n = 25, after pLTx n = 88) completed the transplant module of the HRQOL questionnaire PedsQL, the “Ulm quality of life inventory for parents of children with chronic diseases” ULQUI, and a tailor-made questionnaire to test disease-specific knowledge. Results: Parental knowledge was highest on the topic of “liver transplantation” and lowest in “basic background knowledge” (76% and 56% correct answers respectively). Knowledge performance was only marginally associated with HRQOL scores, with better knowledge being related to worse HRQOL outcomes. In contrast, self-estimation of knowledge performance showed significant positive correlations with both PedsQL and ULQUI results. Conclusion: Patient HRQOL and parental emotional wellbeing after pLTx are associated with positive self-estimation of parental disease-specific knowledge. Objective disease-specific knowledge has little impact on HRQOL. Parental education programs need to overcome language barriers and address self-efficacy in order to improve HRQOL after pLTx.

Designing a Framework of Ethnomedicinal Plant Knowledge Integration Using OSS

Indigenous knowledge refers to the knowledge, innovations, and practices of indigenous communities. Ethnic groups are repository knowledge of herbal medicine. Many indigenous people use several plants for medicinal preparations, and these medicines are known as ethnomedicine. It has developed from experience gained over centuries. Species of ethnomedicinal plants are threatened in most of nations due to overexploitation, habitat loss, destructive harvesting techniques, unsustainable trade, and deforestation. Documented indigenous knowledge on ethnomedicine forms part of the documentary heritage of the nation. The chapter will provide a framework for design an information retrieval system for ethnomedicine or knowledge on medicinal plants that are used to manage human ailments. The framework will be prepared, established on the open source software (OSS), and is appropriate not only for documentation but also beneficial for retrieving domain-specific knowledge. The model provides a framework for resource integration digitally using Greenstone Digital Library (GSDL) software.

Dialog Development Manager

This chapter shows how software development professionals use the provided flow charts and pseudo-code to create the Dialog Development Manager. Analysts then use the Dialog Development Manager to create the problem-specific knowledge needed by a natural language processor to support the conversation between Socrates DigitalTM and end users. The Dialog Development Manager guides the analysts through design and development of the Understand, Explore, Materialize, and Realize phases to create the conversational interface for Socrates DigitalTM.

A expertise em educação de Carleton Washburne na produção de saberes sobre o ensino de aritmética

O objetivo deste texto é analisar, em perspectiva historiográfica, a constituição de saberes sobre o ensino de matemática a partir da emergência da figura do expert no âmbito escolar. Trata-se, em específico, de analisar as ações pedagógicas de Carleton Washburne, importante pedagogo estadunidense da educação progressista. Para tanto, utilizou-se como ferramenta de análise os conceitos de expertise e expert advindos dos estudos desenvolvidos por Hofstetter et al. (2017). Os resultados da análise indicam que ao ser convocado para transformar as escolas públicas de Winnetka em escolas de excelência, Washburne produziu e sistematizou saberes específicos sobre o ensino de aritmética, resultando na reestruturação dos conteúdos matemáticos, em novas práticas, novos materiais didáticos, nova relação aluno-professor-saber, novos saberes pedagógicos, de modo a garantir que o aluno seguisse seu próprio ritmo de desenvolvimento. A esse tempo, não basta mais ao professorado saber os conteúdos aritméticos e os métodos pelos quais ensiná-los, mas o que, como, por que e quando e isso depende da produção de novos saberes escolares sobre o ensino de aritmética na escola primária.Carleton Washburne's pedagogical expertise in the production of knowledge about the teaching of arithmeticThe objective of this text is to analyze, from a historiographic perspective, the constitution of knowledge about the teaching of mathematics from the emergence of the figure of the expert in the school environment. It is specifically about analyzing the pedagogical actions of Carleton Washburne, an important American pedagogue of progressive education. For this purpose, the concepts of expertise and expert arising from the studies developed by Hofstetter et al 2017 were used as an analysis tool. The results of the analysis indicate that when invited to transform Winnetka's public schools into schools of excellence, Washburne produced and systematized specific knowledge about the teaching of arithmetic, resulting in the restructuring of mathematical contents, in new practices, new teaching materials, new student-teacher-knowledge relationship, new pedagogical knowledge, in order to ensure that the student followed his own pace of development. At this time, it is no longer enough for teachers to know the arithmetic contents and the methods by which to teach them, but what, how, why and when, and this depends on the production of new school knowledge about the teaching of arithmetic in primary school.Keywords: Arithmetic made to mesure; Teaching individualization; Expert in education; Winnetka system; Teacher training.

Obraz przewodnika górskiego w literaturze romantycznej. Część I

The intensive development of tourism in the 19th century significantly contributed to the emergence of the guide’s profession. In earlier centuries, this feat was practiced by random people, often unqualified, but with time they became indispensable companions and patrons of tourists. Special qualities were required from mountain guides who, when introducing people to the mountains, had to show special qualities: responsibility, good knowledge of the topography of a given area, care, specific knowledge, as well as good physical condition. The job was professionalized the earliest in the Alps, but the process took place more or less at the same time in other European mountains, for example in the Karkonosze Mountains. It was much more difficult to hire an experienced guide in the Carpathians, where the leadership developed much later. Travel literature of the nineteenth century brought numerous accounts describing the relationship between the guide and the tourist as well as providing numerous realistic descriptions of the first to “hike in the mountains”. Due to the factual nature of this travel literature (diaries, memoirs, etc.), the pioneers of the leadership remained anonymous and found their place in the history of tourism and mountain climbing. This article omits the subject of Tatra guides, which will be the subject of a separate study.

MKA: A Scalable Medical Knowledge-Assisted Mechanism for Generative Models on Medical Conversation Tasks

Using natural language processing (NLP) technologies to develop medical chatbots makes the diagnosis of the patient more convenient and efficient, which is a typical application in healthcare AI. Because of its importance, lots of researches have come out. Recently, the neural generative models have shown their impressive ability as the core of chatbot, while it cannot scale well when directly applied to medical conversation due to the lack of medical-specific knowledge. To address the limitation, a scalable medical knowledge-assisted mechanism (MKA) is proposed in this paper. The mechanism is aimed at assisting general neural generative models to achieve better performance on the medical conversation task. The medical-specific knowledge graph is designed within the mechanism, which contains 6 types of medical-related information, including department, drug, check, symptom, disease, and food. Besides, the specific token concatenation policy is defined to effectively inject medical information into the input data. Evaluation of our method is carried out on two typical medical datasets, MedDG and MedDialog-CN. The evaluation results demonstrate that models combined with our mechanism outperform original methods in multiple automatic evaluation metrics. Besides, MKA-BERT-GPT achieves state-of-the-art performance.

Language Assessment Literacy in Second Spoken Language Assessment Contexts

This chapter provides an overview of language assessment literacy (LAL) as it relates to spoken language assessment. The chapter begins by charting developments in how LAL has been defined and conceptualized in language assessment research. Then, specific knowledge and skills related to the assessment of spoken language are discussed, organized according to the nine dimensions of LAL identified in Kremmel and Harding’s survey-based study. Critical issues are raised throughout with respect to the unique challenges involved in assessing spoken language in a fair, equitable, and inclusive manner. The authors conclude by pointing to future directions for LAL and highlight the increasingly important role of technology in language assessment practices.

Unsupervised Panoptic Segmentation

The contributions of this paper are two-fold. We define unsupervised techniques for the panoptic segmentation of an image. We also define clusters which encapsulate the set of features that define objects of interest inside a scene. The motivation is to provide an approach that mimics natural formation of ideas inside the brain. Fundamentally, the eyes and visual cortex constitute the visual system, which is essential for humans to detect and recognize objects. This can be done even without specific knowledge of the objects. We strongly believe that a supervisory signal should not be required to identify objects in an image. We present an algorithm that replaces the eye and visual cortex with deep learning architectures and unsupervised clustering methods. The proposed methodology may also be used as a one-click panoptic segmentation approach which promises to significantly increase annotation efficiency. We have made the code available privately for review¹.<div><br></div>