Economics and Freedom of Expression. Media Structure and the First Amendment.

1977 ◽  
Vol 87 (347) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Jack Wiseman ◽  
B. M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Expression

“Stick to Sports”? First Amendment Values and Limitations to Student-Athlete Expression

2021 ◽  
pp. 107769902110187
Author(s):  
Michael K. Park
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
Public University ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Public Issues ◽  
University Officials

The resurgence of political activism by student-athletes raises the specter of increased constitutional challenges to public university regulations on student-athlete speech. This article explores the special regulatory environment situating student-athletes and gleans the First Amendment values underpinning cases where student-athletes challenge institutional regulations on their freedom of expression. Analysis of the legal discourse suggests that courts are more likely to apply increased scrutiny to university officials’ attempts to regulate expression on public issues versus speech that address personal or private matters. This article ends with some suggestions for practitioners and scholars to consider when evaluating regulations on student-athlete speech.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the Contours of the Copyright Originality and Idea- Expression Doctrines Regarding the Right to Deny Access to Works

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-940
Author(s):  
Michael D. Murray
Keyword(s):  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
The Right

ccess to innovative scientific, literary, and artistic content has never been more important to the public than now, in the digital age. Thanks to the digital revolution carried out through such means as super-computational power at super-affordable prices, the Internet, broadband penetration, and contemporary computer science and technology, the global, national, and local public finds itself at the convergence of unprecedented scientific and cultural knowledge and content development, along with unprecedented means to distribute, communicate, and access that knowledge. This Article joins the conversation on the Access-to-Knowledge, Access-to- Medicine, and Access-to-Art movements by asserting that the copyright restrictions affecting knowledge, innovation, and original thought implicate copyright’s originality and idea-expression doctrines first and fair use doctrine second. The parallel conversation in copyright law that focuses on the proper definition of the contours of copyright as described in the U.S. Supreme Court’s most recent constitutional law cases on copyright—Feist, Eldred, Golan, and Kirtsaeng—interprets the originality and idea-expression doctrines as being necessary for the proper balance between copyright protection and First Amendment freedom of expression. This Article seeks to join together the two conversations by focusing attention on the right to access published works under both copyright and First Amendment law. Access to works is part and parcel of the copyright contours debate. It is a “first principles” question to be answered before the question of manipulation, appropriation, or fair use is contemplated. The original intent of the Copyright Clause and its need to accommodate the First Amendment freedom of expression support the construction of the contours of copyright to include a right to access knowledge and information. Therefore, the originality and idea-expression doctrines should be reconstructed to recognize that the right to deny access to published works is extremely limited if not non-existent within the properly constructed contours of copyright.

Commentary: A First Amendment Perspective on Antitrust Law and Newspaper Chain Ownership, Monopoly

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Coulson
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Antitrust Law ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Newspaper Industry ◽  
New Entry

The economics of the newspaper industry has concentrated in the hands of a few monopolists and chain owners the power to inform and to influence public opinion. The threat to freedom of expression posed by newspaper chain ownership and monopoly is examined with the possible application of antitrust law to foster open and competitive newspaper markets. Recognizing newspaper concentration more adversely affects ideas than the economic marketplace, weight is given to social and political factors in determining anticompetitive market constraints. Extensive newspaper consolidation, it is argued, inhibits new entry and decreases editorial independence and diversity.

The English Deists' Argument for Freedom of Expression: Religious Inquiry and the First Amendment

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Herrick
Keyword(s):  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Expression

scholarly journals Lust on Trial: Censorship and the Rise of American Obscenity in the Age of Anthony Comstock by Amy Beth Werbel

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Christine Schultz-Richert
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
Sexual Control

In her work, Lust on Trial: Censorship and the Rise of American Obscenity in the Age of Anthony Comstock, author Amy Werbel explores the unintended consequences of the forty-year vice suppression campaign of America’s first professional censor, Anthony Comstock. Equal parts a history of lust in art and a legal history of the cultural importance of the First Amendment, this work offers an inspiring tale of artist-, activist-, and attorney-led revolts against censorship, and underlines how the pursuit of moral and sexual control through prosecution is futile in the face of interminable cultural and technological change. Werbel points to the proliferation of lust and freedom of expression as evidence of Comstock’s ultimate failure to “purify” the nation of those materials that he deemed obscene. However, the most salient, underlying current of the story of Comstock is not perhaps the question of the efficacy of his mission, but instead the ways in which such efforts disproportionately silence the most vulnerable.

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