Polish and Deodorize: Paving the City in Late-Eighteenth-Century France

Assemblage ◽  
1996 ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe el-Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The City

Robert Owenson’s macaronic song repertoire and the Dublin theatre audience of the late eighteenth century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Burke
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Song Repertoire ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The City ◽  
Radical Element

This article argues that Robert Owenson’s bilingual song repertoire represents an urban strain of the Irish macaronic tradition which developed over the course of the eighteenth century as Irish-speaking poets and song composers responded to a public that was increasingly diglossic. In Owenson’s case, this repertoire was formed from the crossings between songs and tunes from the Irish-speaking area where this performer grew up, and those that came out of the playhouses, taverns, and streets of Dublin, the city where he spent his twenty-year Irish stage career. The article also explores the politics of these songs and the Dublin audience’s shifting response to their performance. While Owenson’s songs were enthusiastically received in the years leading up to 1782, a period dominated politically by the patriots and the Volunteers, they provoked a reactionary backlash in the later 1780s and 1790s when Dublin’s radical element began claiming them as their own.

scholarly journals Using Microcredit and Restructuring Households: Two Complementary Survival Strategies in Late Eighteenth-Century Barcelona

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (S8) ◽  
pp. 71-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Carbonell-Esteller
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Regional Specialization ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Major Transformation ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
Intense Process

In the last third of the 1700s Barcelona was a city undergoing a major transformation. The regional specialization process that took place in Catalonia, and the intensification of exchange, generated spectacular economic growth and an unprecedented increase in population. The city of Barcelona tripled its population in just over seventy years; in 1787 it already had around 100,000 inhabitants. Immigration, both from the Pyrenean areas and from the proto-industrial areas of central Catalonia, the natural growth of the population, the intense process of urbanization, and the dynamism of the labour market explain the densification of the city and the rise in the price of rents.

scholarly journals Treatment rates for the pox in early modern England: a comparative estimate of the prevalence of syphilis in the city of Chester and its rural vicinity in the 1770s

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON SZRETER
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
Comparative Estimate ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Disease

ABSTRACTThis article offers an innovative attempt to construct an empirically-based estimate of the extent of syphilis prevailing in two contrasting populations in late eighteenth-century Britain. Thanks to the co-incident survival of both a detailed admissions register for Chester Infirmary and a pioneering census of the city of Chester in 1774 taken by Dr John Haygarth, it is possible to produce age-specific estimates of the extent to which adults of each sex had been treated for the pox by age 35. These estimates can be produced both for the resident population of Chester city and comparatively for the rural region immediately surrounding Chester. These are the first estimates of the prevalence of this important disease produced for the eighteenth century and they can be compared with similar figures for England and Wales c. 1911–1912.

scholarly journals Frederick Douglass's “Our National Capital”: Updating L'Enfant for an Era of Integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-935
Author(s):  
GRAHAM CULBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
National Capital ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

In this article I argue that scholars have been insufficiently attentive to Frederick Douglass's engagement with American cities, particularly Washington, DC. I show that Frederick Douglass's 1877 speech “Our National Capital” should not be relegated, as it usually is, to an autobiographical footnote, but is in fact an important document both in Douglass's philosophy and in the history of Washington, DC. This essay places that speech in both of those traditions. First, I give a brief account of Pierre L'Enfant's late eighteenth-century plans for Washington, DC as a cosmopolitan and regionally inclusive place, then use several figures, including Charles Dickens and Eastman Johnson, to show that actually existing DC failed to meet those ideals. The bulk of the essay then shows that Douglass's speech has great affinities with L'Enfant's original ideas, with Douglass adding the crucially important category of race to L'Enfant's vision for the city. I also use a number of Douglass's other writings, including speeches, essays, and autobiographies, to show that “Our National Capital” can serve as a capstone for Douglass's career, in which he articulates how an urban environment should function if it is to live up to his ideals.

scholarly journals Tradition, Innovation, and Experimentation: The Dramatic Stage and New Modes of Performance in Late Eighteenth-Century Naples

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-172
Author(s):  
Anthony R. DelDonna
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Reform Culture ◽  
The City ◽  
Royal Theater

Naples in the last thirty years of the eighteenth-century was characterized by a fervent climate of theatrical experimentation. Although too often viewed as the last stronghold of Metastasian dramatic principles and traditions, the city was deeply influenced by the “reform culture” of Northern Europe. These exterior influences were bolstered by the contributions of local practitioners, whether composers, performers, and theorists. This essay is a brief consideration of how the ideas of “reform culture” affected contemporary Neapolitan theatrical practices and the emergence of new works in the city. A critical source for “reformed” theatrical philosophy was the work of Antonio Planelli (1747–1803), whose treatise Dell’opera in musica (1772) is a significant exploration and commentary on the dramatic stage of the Bourbon capital. Progressing from theatrical philosophy to existing practice, I will consider how the prevailing conditions animated the creation of the largely unknown cantata/pastorale/opera, La pietà d’amore (1782) by the singer, composer, and Calzabigi protégé Vito Giuseppe Millico (1737–1802), created expressly for Naples under the sway of reform principles and his direct collaborations with the poet of Orfeo, Alceste, and Paride ed Elena. My study concludes with an examination of the emergence of the so-called “Lenten tragedy” or azione sacra per musica, a theatrical form created in the exclusive environs of the Teatro di San Carlo, the royal theater of the Bourbon capital, yet imparting a new theatrical aesthetic and modes of representation for contemporary sacred genres consistent to select ideals of reform culture.

Notes on a Scandal: Transregional Networks of Violence, Gossip, and Imperial Sovereignty in the Late Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Empire

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-128
Author(s):  
Tolga U. Esmer
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Ottoman Balkans ◽  
The City

AbstractThis essay reconstructs a scandal in the fall of 1797 involving Ottoman governors, leaders of a notorious network of irregular soldiers cum bandits, and residents of the city of Filibe (Plovdiv in Bulgaria). It erupted over whether or not state officials should pacify successful bandit enterprises by co-opting their leaders. The scandal escalated into a crisis in which the large armies of the governors of Anatolia and Rumeli (the Ottoman Balkans) verged on clashing because each wanted to lead the state's lucrative war against Rumeli bandit networks. Imperial administrators issued dispatches regarding this scandal that were based on gossip and rumor circulating within the general population as well as among bandits. I draw on understandings of gossip as a social and cultural resource from linguistic anthropology to make sense of Ottoman political culture. I analyze these dispatches to uncover how the performance of these informal scripts featured prominently in correspondence with the Imperial Council and related surveillance reports, and thereby mediated resources, power, and authority among different agents of imperial violence. I show that gossip, rumor, and related forms of seemingly informal “talk” played a fundamental role in sovereign decision making. I also transpose methodologies and approaches of “history from below,” conceived by earlier generations of cultural anthropologists and historians, onto elite letters to ask new questions about information brokerage, the negotiation of power among different agents of imperial violence and their interlocutors, and the contested nature of imperial intelligence gathering and sovereignty.

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