Why Are Ground Stone Tools Found in Middle and Late Bronze Age Burials?

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie R. Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Ground Stone

Food-processing ground stone tools in the Greek Neolithic and Bronze Age. A synthesis of the published data

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasos Bekiaris ◽  
Danai Chondrou ◽  
Ismini Ninou ◽  
Soultana-Maria Valamoti
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Ground Stone

scholarly journals How Rocks Die: Changing Patterns of Discard and Re-Use of Ground Stone Tools in Middle Bronze Age Cyprus

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8869
Author(s):  
Andrew McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Middle Bronze Age

Cultural objects are thought to have a lifespan. From selection, through construction, use, destruction, and discard, materials do not normally last forever, transforming through stages of life, eventually leading to their death. The materiality of stone objects, however, can defy the inevitable demise of an object, especially durable ground stone tools that can outlive generations of human lifespans. How groups of people deal with the relative permanence of stone tools depends on their own relationship with the past, and whether they venerate it or reject its influence on the present. A case study from the long-lived site of Prasteio-Mesorotsos in Cyprus demonstrates a shifting attitude toward ground stone objects, from the socially conservative habit of ritually killing of objects and burying them, to one of more casual re-use and reinterpretation of ground stone. This shift in attitude coincides with a socio-political change that eventually led to the ultimate rejection of the past: complete abandonment of the settlement.

scholarly journals Ground stone tools from the copper production site Al-Khashbah, Sultanate of Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Stephanie Döpper
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Molten Copper ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
The University

Archaeological research at Al-Khashbah, Sultanate of Oman, conducted by the University of Tübingen, revealed a large Early Bronze Age (3rd millennium BCE) site. During the intensive surface survey and excavations, several ground stone tools were found. Most of them came from the vicinity of monumental stone and mud-brick structures, so-called towers, and are clearly connected to copper-processing waste such as slag, furnace fragments and prills, i.e., droplets of molten copper. Therefore, it is assumed that these ground stone tools were used within the operational procedures of copper-processing. Interestingly, only the monumental towers from the first half of the 3rd millennium BCE, i.e., the Hafit period, feature larger quantities of ground stone tools as well as copper processing waste. Towers from the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE, i.e., the Umm an-Nar period, have none. Within the scope of this paper, the distribution of the different types of ground stone tools in Al-Khashbah as well as their find context will be presented. They are illustrated with drawings generated from 3D models created using digital photography processed with the software Agisoft Photoscan. Comparisons with other 3rd millennium BCE sites in Eastern Arabia show that there as well, copper-processing remains are often associated with ground stone tools. The overall variety of types seems to be rather homogeneous in the region.

scholarly journals The metal forging tools of the Late Bronze Age population of the forest-steppe Tobol River region (experimental-traceological analysis)

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kostomarova
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
River Region ◽  
Tin Content

The paper reports on the results of experimental-traceological study of stone tools used for metal forging by the Late Bronze Age population of the Middle Tobol River region (Western Siberia). The chronological span of the study, according to the radiocarbon dating, extends from the 17th to 9th centuries BC. This paper aims to substan-tiate and expand the existing knowledgebase on the metalwork production with the aid of experiments in forging copper and bronze. The research materials include about 60 stone tools from the Late Bronze Age sites and 23 experimental tools. The trace evidence analysis and microphotography of the signs of use-wear have been performed using a continuous-zoom microscope MC-2 ZOOM with 10х to 40х magnification and a Canon EOS-1100-D camera. The experimental study involved cold and hot forging of copper and bronze items with different tin content and their surface smoothening. As a result, the efficiency of the stone tools in molding has been con-firmed. The signs of use-wear of the tools have been recorded. Distinctive use-wear features of hammers for cold and hot forging associated with the tool kinematics have been identified. It has been concluded that the wear signs on the hammers used for incomplete hot and hot forging were identical. It appeared that the smooth working area of some flatters was the result of preliminary abrasive treatment. Smoothening and drawing proved efficient in processing of copper items and low-alloyed bronzes. This treatment was carried out on the hot metal. It has been ascertained that the kinematics of processing of the copper and bronze items was the same. The signs of usage of the tools employed for shaping bronze moldings with different tin content differ from those on the tools used on copper by more extensive chipping, which is due to a higher hardness of tin-copper alloys. Prototype multi-functional tools used in different operations, viz., forging and drawing, have been identified. Their specific is the working area with a combination of several groups of wear marks overlapping each other. Therefore, we managed to produce a series of the experimental tools used in copper and bronze forging. This allowed us to elaborate the functional identification and technology of some archaeological instruments from the Late Bronze Age sites of the forest-steppe Tobol River region.

scholarly journals THE ENEOLITHIC ARTIFACTS FROM THE NORTHERN COAST OF ALAKUL LAKES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
V.S. Mosin ◽  
◽  
I.K. Novikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Adjacent Territory ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Mineral Base

The authors present the Eneolithic materials obtained during the excavations of the Late Bronze Age Alakul burial ground in the Trans-Urals. Numerous stone tools and fragments of ceramics typical for the Eneolithic were discovered during the excavations of 20 burial mounds investigated at the territory of burial ground in different years under the direction of K.V. Salnikov, E.E. Kuzmina, and S.N. Shilov. The artifacts were found in the fillings of the mounds and burials; it may indicate the use of soil and turf from the adjacent territory for creation of the mounds, including the territory of an undetected and possibly completely destroyed Eneolithic site. The northern periphery of the site was located under the mound No 49 excavated in 1969 and interpreted by the director of the excavations as a cult place. This publication expands the source base of studying of the Eneolithic in the Trans-Urals and introduces new materials to the scientific world. The collection of finds contains all the main types of stone tools: cores, technical chips, blades with and without retouching, cutters, tips, scrapers, flakes. A rare find is a geometric microlith in the form of symmetrical trapezoid. The article also provides the description of the mineral base of the site.

A Late Bronze Age settlement at Apliki, Cyprus

1952 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan du Plat Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The South ◽  
The Hill

The discovery of the site of ‘Karamallos’, near Apliki, was due to the late Mr. Carl Allen, one of the mining engineers of the Cyprus Mines Corporation. In 1938 the Corporation was engaged in opencast exploration of the South Hill of Apliki. In cutting into the hill they uncovered many fragments of large jars belonging to the Late Bronze Age. One or two whole vessels, together with some stone tools, were brought to the Cyprus Museum for identification.

A functional study of ground stone tools from the Bronze Age site of Dingjiacun in South China: Based on use-wear evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 103215
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Liping Xue ◽  
Ran Chen ◽  
Hongwei Si ◽  
Yao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
South China ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
The Bronze Age
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document