The Effect of Organizational Forces on Individual Morality: Judgment, Moral Approbation, and Behavior

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Jones ◽  
Lori Verstegen Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract:To date, our understanding of ethical decision making and behavior in organizations has been concentrated in the area of moral judgment, largely because of the hundreds of studies done involving cognitive moral development. This paper addresses the problem of our relative lack of understanding in other areas of human morality by applying a recently developed construct—moral approbation—to illuminate the link between moral judgment and moral action. This recent work is extended here by exploring the effect that organizations have on ethical behavior in terms of the moral approbation construct.

The Evolution of Business Ethics to Business Law

2015 ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Ben Tran
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Moral Awareness ◽  
Business Law

Ethics in business ethics and law in business law are not as ambiguous, rhetorical, and esoteric as practitioners portray. Excuses as such have subconsciously become a habitus platinum safeguard against all wrongdoing. The usage of the habitus platinum safeguard is to defuse the unethical and malpractice of practitioners due to the ambiguous, rhetorical, and esoteric factors of and related to ethics in business ethics and law in business law. The ethical decision-making process, from ethics to law, involves five basic steps: moral awareness, moral judgment, ethical behavior, ethical behavior theorizing, and (business) law.

scholarly journals Cognitive Moral Development, Organizational Situation and Ethical Decision Making in Business and Accounting

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Abdul Hamid Habbe ◽  
Andi Kusumawati ◽  
Alimuddin ◽  
Yohanis Rura ◽  
Iskandar Muda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Ethical Decisions ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the effect of the interaction between cognitive moral development (pragmatic, accommodating, and autonomous) and an organizational situation (agency and stewardship) in business ethical decision making (earnings management and expropriation). This research employed a laboratory experiment design of full factorial factor 3x2 between-within subjects.There were 97 postgraduate students of Hasanuddin University that acted as participants. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and t-test. The results showed that the level of cognitive moral development is positively related to the degree of ethical decisions in accounting and expropriation. The higher the level of cognitive moral development, the more managers act ethically in decisions relating to accounting and expropriation. Meanwhile, the agency and stewardship situation have no effect on the differences in ethical decision making both in accounting and expropriation. Similarly, the exposure to an organizational situation has no impact on the relationship between levels of cognitive moral development and ethical decision making.The assumption stating that cognitive moral development of each participant has been an anchor and not easily changed to the different or the opposite situations is empirically proven.

Decision Making in SMEs

2014 ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Gizem Öksüzoğlu-Güven
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Ethical Ideologies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision

This chapter explores theories and concepts of ethical decision making in SMEs and how individuality of entrepreneurs affects their organisations. In order to investigate the entrepreneurial ethical decision-making process, the chapter crossbreeds the concepts of greed and power, cognitive moral development, ethical ideologies, and individual psychological characteristics as determinant of ethical decision making. Through discussion of relevant models, the chapter presents arguments on determinants of individual ethical decision making as well as external factors that influence the decision-making process. In doing so, it aims to provide a distinctive perspective on understanding decision making in SMEs through forming a bridge between individual moral psychology and entrepreneurial decision making. This understanding enables us to have an alternative reasoning when examining employment-related issues.

Decision Making in SMEs

2015 ◽  
pp. 1049-1062
Author(s):  
Gizem Öksüzoğlu-Güven
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Ethical Ideologies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision

This chapter explores theories and concepts of ethical decision making in SMEs and how individuality of entrepreneurs affects their organisations. In order to investigate the entrepreneurial ethical decision-making process, the chapter crossbreeds the concepts of greed and power, cognitive moral development, ethical ideologies, and individual psychological characteristics as determinant of ethical decision making. Through discussion of relevant models, the chapter presents arguments on determinants of individual ethical decision making as well as external factors that influence the decision-making process. In doing so, it aims to provide a distinctive perspective on understanding decision making in SMEs through forming a bridge between individual moral psychology and entrepreneurial decision making. This understanding enables us to have an alternative reasoning when examining employment-related issues.

The Evolution of Business Ethics to Business Law

2014 ◽  
pp. 109-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Tran
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Moral Awareness ◽  
Business Law

Ethics in business ethics and law in business law are not as ambiguous, rhetorical, and esoteric as practitioners portray. Excuses as such have subconsciously become a habitus platinum safeguard against all wrongdoing. The usage of the habitus platinum safeguard is to defuse the unethical and malpractice of practitioners due to the ambiguous, rhetorical, and esoteric factors of and related to ethics in business ethics and law in business law. The ethical decision-making process, from ethics to law, involves five basic steps: moral awareness, moral judgment, ethical behavior, ethical behavior theorizing, and (business) law.

scholarly journals Moral Development in Business Ethics: An Examination and Critique

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Bell DeTienne ◽  
Carol Frogley Ellertson ◽  
Marc-Charles Ingerson ◽  
William R. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Ethics ◽  
Ethics Research

AbstractThe field of behavioral ethics has seen considerable growth over the last few decades. One of the most significant concerns facing this interdisciplinary field of research is the moral judgment-action gap. The moral judgment-action gap is the inconsistency people display when they know what is right but do what they know is wrong. Much of the research in the field of behavioral ethics is based on (or in response to) early work in moral psychology and American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg’s foundational cognitive model of moral development. However, Kohlberg’s model of moral development lacks a compelling explanation for the judgment-action gap. Yet, it continues to influence theory, research, teaching, and practice in business ethics today. As such, this paper presents a critical review and analysis of the pertinent literature. This paper also reviews modern theories of ethical decision making in business ethics. Gaps in our current understanding and directions for future research in behavioral business ethics are presented. By providing this important theoretical background information, targeted critical analysis, and directions for future research, this paper assists management scholars as they begin to seek a more unified approach, develop newer models of ethical decision making, and conduct business ethics research that examines the moral judgment-action gap.

scholarly journals Bad Apples in Bad Barrels Revisited: Cognitive Moral Development, Just World Beliefs, Rewards, and Ethical Decision-Making

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal M. Ashkanasy ◽  
Carolyn A. Windsor ◽  
Linda K. Treviño
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Just World ◽  
Organizational Rewards

Abstract:In this study, we test the interactive effect on ethical decision-making of (1) personal characteristics, and (2) personal expectancies based on perceptions of organizational rewards and punishments. Personal characteristics studied were cognitive moral development and belief in a just world. Using an in-basket simulation, we found that exposure to reward system information influenced managers’ outcome expectancies. Further, outcome expectancies and belief in a just world interacted with managers’ cognitive moral development to influence managers’ ethical decision-making. In particular, low-cognitive moral development managers who expected that their organization condoned unethical behavior made less ethical decisions while high cognitive moral development managers became more ethical in this environment. Low cognitive moral development managers also behaved less ethically when their belief in a just world was high.

Examining Ethical Decision Making Behavior in E-Learning Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Richelle L. Oakley ◽  
Rahul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

E-Learning has proliferated throughout the education sector in recent years. Unfortunately, an unintended and undesirable aspect of e-Learning is centered on unethical behavior exhibited by students engaged in technology-facilitated cheating. Interestingly, cheating in e-Learning systems occurs in the social context of the class. Using results from a qualitative field study, the authors investigate the socio-technical dimensions of ethical decision-making in e-Learning systems focusing on individual and situational factors. They developed propositions and provide an in-depth discussion of identified factors. Their findings provide the basis for researchers to develop testable propositions for further empirical investigations and provide insight for educators dealing with the unique challenges of the socio-technical dimensions of ethical behavior in e-Learning systems.

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