Deforestation in Central America: Spanish Legacy and North American Consumers

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Myers ◽  
Richard Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
North American

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of Russula subsection Amoeninae from South Korea

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Komsit Wisitrassameewong ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Aniket Ghosh ◽  
Kanad Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pileus Surface ◽  
A New Species

Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.

Interannual Variability of Tropical Atlantic-to-Pacific Moisture Transport Linked to ENSO, Atlantic Niño, and Freshwater Budget in the Northwestern Tropical Atlantic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-61
Author(s):  
Jun-Chao Yang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ingo Richter ◽  
Xiaopei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Freshwater Budget ◽  
Sst Gradient

AbstractMoisture transport from the Atlantic to Pacific is important for basin-scale freshwater budget and the formation of meridional ocean circulation. Although the climatological tropical Atlantic-to-Pacific moisture transport (TAPMORT) has been well investigated, few studies have focused on its variability. Here we investigate the interannual variability of TAPMORT based on the atmospheric reanalysis data sets. The TAPMORT interannual variability is dominated by the variations of trans-basin winds across Central America, and peaks in late boreal summer and late boreal winter. 1) In late summer, a developing El Niño and a mature Atlantic Niña set up an interbasin sea-surface temperature (SST) gradient that strengthens the low-level jet across Central America and therefore TAPMORT (with weakened TAPMORT for opposite signed events). This process typically occurs from July to September, with a peak in August. 2) In late winter, the strengthened southern North American center of the Pacific-North American-like pattern intensifies the TAPMORT variations. Although atmospheric interannual variability dominates these variations, extreme El Niño events are also important for the teleconnections. This process shows a single peak in February, in contrast to the persistent peak in late summer. We further demonstrate that the persistent TAPMORT variability in late summer dominates the moisture divergence over the northwestern tropical Atlantic and modulates freshwater flux there. Thus, our study improves the understanding of how TAPMORT interannual variability and the related interbasin SST gradient regulate the northwestern tropical Atlantic freshwater budget and the related salinity variability.

Quaternary Faulting Along the Caribbean–North American Plate Boundary in Central America

1979 ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID P. SCHWARTZ ◽  
LLOYD S. CLUFF ◽  
THOMAS W. DONNELLY
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
The Caribbean

Why Tiempo is under attack

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
George Black
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government

‘Those who are not with the government are considered enemies of Honduras, anti-patriots, Communists’ says Tiempo's editor, Manuel Gamero Honduras was until recently an area of calm in the stormy region of Central America. Now, however, its civilian government is hard-pressed by the armed forces who have involved the country in the struggle against the Sandinista government in Nicaragua and the guerrilla fighters in El Salvador. Both Honduras' press and university are coming increasingly under attack, as George Black, a British journalist who is on the staff of the North American Congress on Latin America in New York, here explains.

Five new species of Stenochrus (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4374 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO MONJARAZ-RUEDAS ◽  
OSCAR F. FRANCKE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
New World ◽  
The North ◽  
Mexican State

The North American genus Stenochrus is represented by 22 species distributed mainly in Mexico, Central America and the U.S.A.; the genus was erected originally to place the species Stenochrus portoricensis and was characterized by the presence of lateral lobes reduced on female spermathecae, male flagellum without important dorsal relief, pedipalps without distinctive armature and without posterodorsal process on segment XII. Here we describe five new species from the Mexican state of Oaxaca; we discuss the presence of dimorphic males in the genus. With this contribution the genus Stenochrus reaches 27 species, becoming the second most diverse genus of schizomids in the New World. 

New and unusual host records for North American and South American spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4891 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-112
Author(s):  
FRANK E. KURCZEWSKI ◽  
RICK C. WEST ◽  
CECILIA WAICHERT ◽  
KELLY C. KISSANE ◽  
DARRELL UBICK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
South American ◽  
New Host ◽  
United States Mexico ◽  
First Time ◽  
Taxonomic Order

New and unusual host records for 133 species and subspecies of Pompilidae predominantly from the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America are presented in modified taxonomic order. First-time species host records are given for Calopompilus Ashmead, Pepsis Fabricius, Hemipepsis Dahlbom, Priocnessus Banks, Entypus Dahlbom, Pompilocalus Roig-Alsina, Sphictostethus Kohl, Auplopus Spinola, Ageniella Banks, Eragenia Banks, Aporus Spinola, Poecilopompilus Ashmead, Tachypompilus Ashmead, Anoplius Dufour, Priochilus (Fabricius) and Notocyphus Smith. New host spider families are introduced for Calopompilus, Pepsis, Hemipepsis, Priocnessus, Entypus, Cryptocheilus Panzer, Priocnemis Schiødte, Auplopus, Ageniella, Eragenia, Aporus, Tachypompilus, Anoplius, Priochilus and Notocyphus. Eight host spider families are reported from the Western Hemisphere for the first time: Halonoproctidae (Notocyphus dorsalis dorsalis Cresson); Dipluridae (Pepsis pretiosa Dahlbom, P. montezuma Smith, P. infuscate Spinola, P. atripennis Fabricius, P. martini Vardy, Priocnessus vancei Waichert and Pitts); Nemesiidae (Pepsis pallidolimbata Lucas, P. viridis Lepeletier, P. spp., Pompilocalus hirticeps (Guérin), Sphictostethus gravesii (Haliday), S. striatulus Roig-Alsina, Priocnemis oregona Banks); Barychelidae (Eragenia sp.); Paratropididae (Pepsis stella Montet); Trechaleidae (Hemipepsis toussainti (Banks), Entypus unifasciatus cressoni (Banks), Tachypompilus ferrugineus (Say), Tachypompilus unicolor cerinus Evans, Priochilus gloriosum (Cresson); Desidae (Ageniella accepta (Cresson), Sphictostethus isodontus Roig-Alsina) and Selenopidae (Priochilus scrupulum (Fox), Tachypompilus erubescens (Taschenberg) or xanthopterus (Rohwer)). The first known host records for the rare South American pompilid genera Chirodamus (Lycosidae: Lycosa sp.) and Herbstellus (Nemesiidae: Diplothelopsis cf bonariensis Mello-Leitão) are presented. 

A morphological phylogenetic analysis of Aesculus L. and Billia Peyr. (Sapindaceae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Forest ◽  
Josée Nadia Drouin ◽  
René Charest ◽  
Luc Brouillet ◽  
Anne Bruneau
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
North American ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Asian Origin

The hippocastanaceous Sapindaceae (family Hippocastanaceae) consists of two genera: Aesculus and Billia. The genus Aesculus (buckeyes) is distributed throughout the northern hemisphere. Twelve of the thirteen species of Aesculus are found in eastern Asia and North America, and one is native to Europe. The two species of the genus Billia are found in South and Central America. Aesculus is traditionally divided into five sections. This analysis, based on morphological characters, suggests that the monotypic section Parryanae (Aesculus parryi Gray) is sister to the remainder of the genus, and the other species are divided into two clades. One clade comprises all species from southeastern North America with the monotypic section Macrothyrsus (Aesculus parviflora Walt.) as sister to section Pavia. The other clade consists of all species found in Eurasia included in sections Aesculus and Calothyrsus, with the only North American member of this clade (Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutall) as sister to the rest of the group. According to this analysis, section Calothyrsus is rendered paraphyletic by the inclusion of section Aesculus. In contrast to previous studies that suggest an Asian origin for the genus, our study suggests an American origin for Aesculus from an ancestor similar to Billia with a single migration to Eurasia via the Bering land bridge.Key words: Aesculus, Billia, character evolution, Hippocastanaceae, morphology, phylogeny, Sapindaceae.

The Influence of Travel Books on Early American Hispanism

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Frederick S. Stimson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Early American ◽  
Travel Books ◽  
Travel Accounts

Students of the famous first contingent of Yankee Hispanists and of North American literature in general, during the national and revolutionary periods, are prone to overlook the pronounced influence of British, American, and French travel books about Spain and Spanish America. The popularity which travel accounts enjoyed in the nineteenth century is attested by a well-known publisher’s observation to the distinguished pioneer explorer of Central America, John L. Stephens, author of the recently reprinted Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas & Yucatan (1841, 1949). On the latter’s query as to what forms of literature Harper Brothers favored, Harper is said to have replied: “Travels sell about the best of anything we get hold of. They don’t always go with a rush, like a novel by a celebrated author, but they sell longer, and in the end, pay better.”

scholarly journals Kinematics of the North American–Caribbean-Cocos plates in Central America from new GPS measurements across the Polochic-Motagua fault system

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lyon-Caen ◽  
E. Barrier ◽  
C. Lasserre ◽  
A. Franco ◽  
I. Arzu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Gps Measurements ◽  
The North
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