The Historians and the Decline of the Liberal Party

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
World War ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Britain ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First World

The dramatic collapse of the Liberal party during the second decade of the twentieth century has long fascinated academic historians, but only in the past twenty years has it become one of their major preoccupations. Every history of modern Britain now has a discussion of the causes and course of the Liberal collapse, and the specialized literature on the subject is voluminous, much of it highly technical and sophisticated.It is easy to see why the Liberal decline appeals to historians. It has personal drama: the contest between Herbert Asquith, “the last of the Romans,” and David Lloyd George, “the Welsh Wizard.” There is the larger drama associated with the collapse of a great party and the rise of another. There are the large silent “revolutions” historians have found behind the political changes: the rise to maturity of the working classes, the evolution of British capitalism, and a vast cultural shift ushered in with the First World War.

Ale na razie tu cisza” – fotografie sprzed katastrofy w wybranych zapisach literackich (Stefan Chwin, Ryszard Kapuściński, Wisława Szymborska)

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strąk
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
First World War ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

The work aims to show a peculiar perspective of looking at photographs taken on the eve of the broadly understood disaster, which is specified in a slightly different way in each of the literary texts (Stefan Chwin’s autobiographical novel Krótka historia pewnego żartu [The brief history of a certain joke], a poem by Ryszard Kapuściński Na wystawie „Fotografia chłopów polskich do 1944 r.” [At an exhibition “The Polish peasants in photographs to 1944”] and Wisława Szymborska’s Fotografia z 11 września [Photograph from September 11]) – as death in a concentration camp, a general concept of the First World War or a terrorist attack. Upcoming tragic events – of which the photographed people are not yet aware – become for the subsequent recipient an inseparable element of reality contained in the frame. For the later observers, privileged with time perspective, the characters captured in the photograph are already victims of the catastrophe, which in reality was not yet recorded by the camera. It is a work about coexistence of the past and future in the field of photography.

De Brusselse vereniging De Veldbloem zoekt toenadering tot Hendrik Conscience. Twee pas ontdekte brieven

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
Luc Vandeweyer
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
De Man ◽  
First World

Het wordt in de historiografie van de Vlaamse beweging aanvaard dat Hendrik Conscience door de Brusselse progressieve vereniging ‘De Veldbloem’ in 1872 werd gevraagd om te kandideren voor de parlementaire verkiezingen. Conscience zou dat geweigerd hebben. Dit is uiteraard geen onbetekenend feit in de biografie van de man die ‘zijn volk leerde lezen’.Dit gegeven is terug te voeren op de geschriften van Antoon Jacob (°1889) van na de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Jacob werd beschouwd als een autoriteit inzake Conscience. Maar waar is het bewijs? Hij verwees daarbij naar “uitvoerige correspondentie” maar die is niet te vinden. Het ADVN slaagde erin om de archivalische nalatenschap van de in 1947 gestorven Jacob te verwerven. Daarin bleken heel wat brieven van en aan Conscience te zitten. De briefwisseling met ‘De Veldbloem’ was onderwerp van deze bijdrage. Daarin is geen spoor te vinden van de poging om Conscience op het politieke strijdtoneel te brengen in Brussel. Daarbij moet de vraag gesteld worden hoe Jacob deze archiefstukken verzamelde en wat ermee is gebeurd tijdens zijn turbulente leven en talrijke omzwervingen. Het is best mogelijk dat er een en ander is verloren gegaan. Toch is deze nalatenschap een belangrijke aanwinst voor de studie van de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging en die van Conscience in het bijzonder. ________ The Brussels association ‘De Veldbloem’ seeks contact with Hendrik Conscience. Two recently discovered letters It is an accepted fact in the historiography of the Flemish Movement that the Brussels progressive Association ‘De Veldbloem’ [=the Wildflower] asked Hendrik Conscience in 1872 to be their candidate for the parliamentary elections. It is said that Hendrik Conscience refused the request. This is of course a very significant fact in the biography of the man ‘who taught his people to read.’ This information may be inferred from the writings of Antoon Jacob (°1889) from the period after the First World War. Jacob was regarded as an authority on Conscience. But where is the evidence of this? In his claim, he referred to ‘extensive correspondence’, but that correspondence is not extant. The ADVN managed to acquire the archival legacy of Jacob who died in 1947. It turned out that it included quite a number of letters to and from Conscience. The exchange of letters with ‘De Veldbloem’ was the subject of this contribution. It contains no trace of the attempt to bring Conscience into the political arena in Brussels. It raises the question how Jacob collected these archival documents and what happened to them during his turbulent life and his many peregrinations.  It is certainly possible that some documents have been lost. However, this legacy is still an important acquisition for the study of the history of the Flemish Movement and of Conscience in particular.

Reflections on Feminism and Monism in the Kaiserreich, 1900–1913

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Ross Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
National Socialism ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First World

The League for the Protection of Motherhood (Bund für Mutterschutz und Sexualreform, or BfM) was the largest and most active sex-reform organization in Germany before the First World War. The league was at the center of a broad debate about sexuality, gender roles, the family, and population policy, in which representatives not only of the women's movements but also of the Christian churches, the medical and psychiatric establishments, and the sexology, eugenics, and life-reform (particularly nudist) movements participated. Both this broader debate and the BfM itself have been the subject of intensive study over the past fifteen years. One major interpretive focus of the literature to date has been on the issue of the extent to which the biologistic, social Darwinist, and eugenic ideas prominent in the thinking of many of the leading figures in the BfM were or were not evidence of a turning away from liberal, individualist feminism and toward the political and social Right, or of deeper intellectual affinities between National Socialism and sex reform — a point regarding which there is still considerable disagreement.

scholarly journals The First World War and its Legacy in the Middle East

2016 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Eugene Rogan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
First World War ◽  
Past Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

The First World War proved a crucial turning point in the modern history of the Middle East and North Africa. Under conditions of total warfare, conscripts and civilians suffered greater losses and depredations than in any other conflict in the region before or since. The Great War also led to the breakup of the Ottoman Empire after four centuries of rule over the Arab lands, to be replaced by a modern state system actively negotiated between the Entente Powers in the course of the war. While the borders of Middle Eastern states have proven remarkably enduring over the past century, so too have the problems engendered by the wartime partition diplomacy.

scholarly journals British Catholicism and the British Army in the First World War

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Snape
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First World

The history of British Catholic involvement in the First World War is a curiously neglected subject, particularly in view of the massive and ongoing popular and academic interest in the First World War, an interest which has led to the publication of several studies of the impact of the war on Britain’s Protestant churches and has even seen a recent work on religion in contemporary France appear in an English translation. Moreover, and bearing in mind the partisan nature of much denominational history, the subject has been ignored by Catholic historians despite the fact that the war has often been regarded by non-Catholics as a ‘good’ war for British Catholicism, an outcome reflected in a widening diffusion of Catholic influences on British religious life and also in a significant number of conversions to the Catholic Church. However, if some standard histories of Catholicism in England are to be believed, the popular Catholic experience of these years amount to no more than an irrelevance next to the redrawing of diocesan boundaries and the codification of canon law.

Breaking from and building on the past: Helsinki and Dublin after independence

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (160) ◽  
pp. 238-255
Author(s):  
Marjaana Niemi
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Capital City ◽  
World War ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clean Break ◽  
The City ◽  
First World

AbstractCapital cities play a significant role in interpreting a country’s past and charting its future. In the aftermath of the First World War nine new European states, Finland and Ireland among them, were confronted with the question of how to create a capital city befitting their new status and national identity. Instead of designing and constructing an entirely new capital city which would have marked a clean break from the past, all these states chose an existing city as the capital. This article will examine processes through which two capitals, Helsinki and Dublin, were renewed physically and symbolically to make the political change ‘real’ to people, but also to reinterpret the past and create a ‘teleology for the present’. The aim is to discuss the ways in which the changes, planned and implemented, both reflected and reinforced new interpretations of the history of the city and the nation, and the continuities and discontinuities the changes created between the past and the present. Some elements and versions of the past were chosen over others, preserved and reinvented in the cityscape, while others were ignored, hidden or denied.

Lo "spirito magiaro". Destre e nazionalismo in Ungheria

2012 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Massimo Congiu
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Right ◽  
First World

Fidesz and Jobbik are the most important Hungarian right wing parties. The first one leads actually a government which has such a majority in the Parliament that gives it the opportunity to rule the country without having to face an effective opposition. This situation allowed it to change the pre-existing Constitution with a conservative and nationalist Charter. The second one represents the most extreme aspirations of the Hungarian political right wing and its references are more proletarian and militant than the ones of the Fidesz. Jobbik has actually three eurodeputies and 47 deputies at the Hungarian Parliament. For a better comprehension of the Magyar nationalism it is very useful to consider such crucial moments of the contemporary history of the country as for instance the peace treaties that followed the end of the First World War and imposed to Hungary such severe territorial losses. The treaties have become the subject of a rhetoric which is based upon the historical injustice that Hungary suffered. This aspect is part of the Hungarian collective feeling and it is one of the main topics of the conservative circles and the radical right wing.

Histories of Everyday Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Carter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social History ◽  
Mass Education ◽  
World War ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First World

Histories of Everyday Life is a study of the production and consumption of popular social history in mid-twentieth-century Britain. It traces how non-academic historians, many of them women, developed a new breed of social history after the First World War, identified as the ‘history of everyday life’. The ‘history of everyday life’ was a pedagogical construct based on the perceived educational needs of the new, mass democracy. It was popularized to ordinary people in educational settings, through books, in classrooms and museums, and on BBC radio. In the 1970s this popular social history declined, not because academics invented an alternative ‘new’ social history, but because bottom-up social change rendered the ‘history of everyday life’ untenable in the changing context of mass education. Histories of Everyday Life ultimately uses the subject of history to demonstrate how profoundly the advent of mass education shaped popular culture in Britain after 1918, arguing that the twentieth century was Britain’s educational century.

scholarly journals The past as a work in progress

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA FARA
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
British Society ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Scientists ◽  
First World

AbstractOriginating as a presidential address during the seventieth birthday celebrations of the British Society for the History of Science, this essay reiterates the society's long-standing commitment to academic autonomy and international cooperation. Drawing examples from my own research into female scientists and doctors during the First World War, I explore how narratives written by historians are related to their own lives, both past and present. In particular, I consider the influences on me of my childhood reading, my experiences as a physics graduate who deliberately left the world of science, and my involvement in programmes to improve the position of women in science. In my opinion, being a historian implies being socially engaged: the BSHS and its members have a responsibility towards the future as well as the past.Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards.Søren Kierkegaard,Journals and Papers, 1843

scholarly journals La tarjeta postal como documento histórico: una aproximación visual a la Primera Guerra MundialThe postcard as a historical document: a visual approach to the First World War

2017 ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
José Manuel López Torán
Keyword(s):  
Time Spectrum ◽  
First World War ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
World War ◽  
Graphic Arts ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Visual Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

Desde que en 1869 aparecieran las primeras tarjetas postales ilustradas, estas pequeñas cartulinas han logrado convertirse con el tiempo en testimonio del pasado, en documentos históricos de primer orden que cubren un espectro temporal de casi siglo y medio de nuestra historia y en objetos culturales que simbolizan el desarrollo de toda una época y que abarcan los principales acontecimientos más recientes y muchos de los aspectos de la vida diaria. La Primera Guerra Mundial, por su magnitud y sus consecuencias, se ha posicionado como uno de los episodios más importantes de nuestra historia reciente y, sin lugar a dudas, las artes gráficas se convirtieron en un mecanismo de expresión de los acontecimientos que iban ocurriendo, de ahí la enorme difusión a través de fotografías, carteles, grabados y, por supuesto, de tarjetas postales, que tan populares se hicieron durante aquellos años. A través del análisis de más de diez mil postales, consultadas en su mayoría a través de las páginas web de los principales centros de documentación a nivel internacional, se pretende realizar un acercamiento a este episodio histórico, a la vez que poner en valor el papel que jugaron en el propio desarrollo del conflicto, al convertirse en uno de los principales medios utilizados en la difusión y propaganda de la contienda.PALABRAS CLAVE: Primera Guerra Mundial, tarjeta postal, historia de las emociones, propaganda, fotografía.ABSTRACTSince the first picture postcards appeared in 1869, these small cards have managed over time to become a testimony of the past, a top-notch historical document which covers a time spectrum of close to a century of our history, and a cultural object which symbolizes the development of an era that covers the major recent events and many aspects of daily life. The First World War, in its magnitude and its consequences, has been one of those historical chapters of our recent historyand the graphic arts became a mechanism for the expression of the events that happened during it. It was during the war that the popularity of photographs, posters, prints and, of course, postcards became more widespread. Through the analysis of more than 10000 postcards, consulted mostly through the webpages of the most important international documentation centers, we seek to take a close look at this historical development and to focus on the role they played in the conflict as they became one of the main media used in the dissemination and propaganda of the battle.KEY WORDS: First World War, postcard, history of emotions, propaganda, photography.

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