From the Sixth Century to the Twelfth Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-86
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Sixth Century

Remembering Pope Gregory VII: Cardinal Boso and Alexander III

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
John Doran
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Gregory The Great ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Church

In the conclusion to his masterly biography of Pope Gregory VII (1073–85), H. E. John Cowdrey notes the paradox that the pope so lionized by modern historians, to the extent that the age of reform bears his name, was largely forgotten in the twelfth century and made little impact on Christian thought, spirituality or canon law. Cowdrey is not alone in his observation that Gregory ‘receded from memory with remarkable speed and completeness’; when he was remembered, it was as a failure and as one who brought decline upon the church. For Cowdrey, the answer to this conundrum lay in the fact that Gregory VII was in fact far closer to the ideals of the sixth century than of the twelfth; he was a Benedictine monk and shared the worldview and oudook of Gregory the Great (590–604) rather than those of the so-called lawyer popes Alexander III (1159–81) and Innocent III (1198–1216). Yet within a century of Gregory’s death he was presented by Cardinal Boso as a model pope, who had overcome a schismatic emperor and the problems which his interference had precipitated in Rome. For Boso, writing for the instruction of the officials of the papal chamber, the very policies set out by Gregory VII were to be pursued and emulated. Far from being a peripheral and contradictory figure, with more in common with the distant past than the near future, Gregory was the perfect guide to the beleaguered Pope Alexander III, who was also struggling against a hostile emperor and his antipope.

scholarly journals Il Castello di “Carta”. Excursus della presenza del castello di Gallipoli nella cartografia storica

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Quarta
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
The State ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Over Time

The Castle of "paper". Excursus of Gallipoli’s castle presence in historical cartographyThe castle is located at the eastern part of the Gallipoli’s old town: the first data in archives and libraries started from the sixth century under the mention of castrum and in the following centuries there are many informations on parchments, written documents and bibliography published until today. The Syllabus Grecarum Membranarum from the twelfth century and the Statutum de reparatione castrorum of Frederick II are two precious sources about the primitive castle’s architecture.The structure endured the passage of the Byzantines, Normans, Swabians, Angevins and again, Aragonese, Venetians, Spaniards, Austrians and finally the Bourbons, until it became property of the State and now of the Gallipoli’s municipality. It has suffered over time numerous interventions to adapt it to new military needs: the castle was no longer effective with leading defence from new siege weapons, as for other architectures of the same period.The numerous representations preserved in Italian and European archives give a complete picture of the Gallipoli’s urban development and include the defensive system of the city: the different views illustrate the walls and allow us to understand the castle’s main evolutionary dynamics and its connection with the town.

scholarly journals Armenia in Armenian in Arab Islamic Sources during the Sixth Century AH / Twelfth Century AD

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
المدرس جواد كاظم عبدالحاج
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
History Of

Although the political and economic decline that occurred to Arabic Islamic world and the division that hit these countries in the sixth century of Hijra /Eleventh  A D and appearance of fighting states with spread of conflicts and battles s among them as well as the increasing crusade danger , bur this age and on the contrary witnessed great thinking production in various knowledge fields .Study the works of historians and thinkers expose the existence of insights , visions and rules that they dedicated from  through their living with these events .Each historian has his works in his specialization which its reflections  on his books .It seems that the scholars see that history is their first resource and their support which cannot get ride off .This is very i9mportant .Reading books in literature , geography and language helps the scholar to obtain very important information in his scientific study .study the history of Armenia impose on the historian to read these books specially that that the history of these nation that related with Arabs by important historical relations was not studied widely like histories of neighboring  people .Thus this research ( Armenia in the Resources of Sixth century of Hijra /Eleventh  A D  ) as complementary for hat we begins to study the resources of Armenia history

Ibn al-Jauzī's Handbook on the Makkan Pilgrimage

1938 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Joseph de Somogyi
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Topical Information

The duty of the pilgrimage to the sanctuary of the Ka'ba (ḥajj), as imposed by Qur'ān 3: 91 on every Muslim, has been expounded in all the collections of traditions (ḥadīth) and all the textbooks of canonical law (fiqh). Historians dealt with the institution of the pilgrimage, and geographers described the sacred cities of Makka and Madīna as well as the surrounding country of al-Ḥijāz. The traditional and topical information about the pilgrimage had in time increased so much that in the sixth century A.H./twelfth century A.D. the celebrated Baghdād polyhistor Ibn al-Jauzī could compile it in a medium-sized handbook.

"دراسة أثرية فنية تحليلية" (ق 6-8هـ/12-14م) نقوش شاهدية غير منشورة من نجران (Unpublished Grave Inscriptions from Najran (6-8 AH/12-14 BCE) ‘Archaeological, Artistic and Analytical Study’)

Abgadiyat ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-61
Author(s):  
ياسر إسماعيل عبد السلام ◽  
عبد العزيز منسي العمري
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Sixth Century

This paper deals with the study of thirteen unpublished grave inscriptions from Najran in the Museum of Najran of Antiquities and Heritage, which mostly date from the sixth century AH to the eighth century AH (twelfth century CE to fourteenth century CE). The authors will analyze types, decorative elements, and linguistic formulas. Finally, the authors will compare the undated inscriptions with those of Najran and of other regions of Hijaz, particularly from Mecca. (Please note that this article is in Arabic)

Monastic Meditation Transformed

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-65
Author(s):  
Mark Chinca
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Spiritual Exercise ◽  
Monastic Education

The chapter has two purposes: to provide a survey of monastic traditions of meditation from roughly the sixth century to the end of the twelfth century, and to describe the transformation of those traditions in the thirteenth century into a systematic regimen of spiritual exercise with clear and explicit instructions that could be followed by users who did not have the resources of a monastic education and community to draw on. The key figure in this transformation is Bonaventure; the chapter concentrates on the ways in which he introduced greater technical rigor into the practice of meditation and endowed it with the directive quality of a method.

Introducing the Byzantine Nomocanon

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
James Morton
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Basic Facts

Chapter 1 introduces the reader to the nomocanon, a type of Byzantine manuscript that serves as the primary source material for the book. Nomocanons are largely unknown among Byzantinists and medievalists, so this chapter explains the basic facts of what they are, how they are designed, and why they are historically significant. Beginning with the emergence of the corpus of Byzantine canon law in Late Antiquity, it outlines the development of the texts from the first systematic collections in the sixth century to the great Byzantine canonists of the twelfth century (Aristenos, Zonaras, and Balsamon). The chapter then describes the typical content and structure of a nomocanon, discussing the example of the eleventh-/twelfth-century manuscript BN II C 4. It closes with a discussion of the material and aesthetic qualities of nomocanons, arguing for the importance of studying the manuscripts not just as sources for textual editions but also as artefacts of specific socio-historical contexts.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Davis-Secord
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Intellectual Networks

This book examines Sicily's place within the religious, diplomatic, military, commercial, and intellectual networks of the Mediterranean world. It traces the history of Sicily, from the sixth-century incorporation of the island into the Byzantine empire, through the period of Muslim rule (827–1061), until the end of Norman rule there in the late twelfth century. In particular, it investigates how Sicily moved from the Latin Christian world into the Greek Christian one, then into the Islamicate civilization, and then back into Latin Christendom. In order to understand Sicily's role(s) within the broader Mediterranean system of the sixth through twelfth centuries, the book explores patterns of travel and communication between Sicily and elsewhere—between Constantinople and Rome, between Byzantium and the Islamic world. Finally, it describes Sicily in the dār al-Islām.

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