Hospital Lobbying and Performance

Lobbying is a primary avenue through which business organizations attempt to influence legislation, regulations, or policies. In this study, we examine the association between lobbying and hospital performance and find that the effects of lobbying activities on hospital performance vary according to the distinct types of hospital ownership. Specifically, we find that lobbying raises employee salaries in not-for-profit (NFP) hospitals, reduces uncompensated care costs in both for-profit and NFP hospitals, and increases return on assets (ROA) in for-profit hospitals. We also find that the effects of lobbying on employee salaries, uncompensated care costs, and ROA are not significant in government hospitals. Taken together, our findings suggest that NFP hospitals lobby to protect employees’ interests, while for-profit hospitals lobby to maximize investors’ interests. Our paper provides evidence to illustrate that the goals and effects of hospital lobbying vary according to hospital ownership types.

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Association of hospital characteristics with outcomes for pediatric neurosurgical accidental trauma patients

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2020.10.peds20538 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Shenae Samuels ◽

Rebekah Kimball ◽

Vivian Hagerty ◽

Tamar Levene ◽

Howard B. Levene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Inpatient Mortality ◽

Hospital Ownership ◽

Ownership Type ◽

Accidental Trauma ◽

For Profit ◽

Discharge Disposition ◽

Not For Profit ◽

Children’S Hospitals ◽

Hospital Characteristics

OBJECTIVE In the pediatric population, few studies have examined outcomes for neurosurgical accidental trauma care based on hospital characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between hospital ownership type and children's hospital designation with primary outcomes. METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2006, 2009, and 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database. Primary outcomes, including inpatient mortality, length of stay (LOS), and favorable discharge disposition, were assessed for all pediatric neurosurgery patients who underwent a neurosurgical procedure and were discharged with a primary diagnosis of accidental traumatic brain injury. RESULTS Private, not-for-profit hospitals (OR 2.08, p = 0.034) and freestanding children's hospitals (OR 2.88, p = 0.004) were predictors of favorable discharge disposition. Private, not-for-profit hospitals were also associated with reduced inpatient mortality (OR 0.34, p = 0.005). A children's unit in a general hospital was associated with a reduction in hospital LOS by almost 2 days (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Management at freestanding children's hospitals correlated with more favorable discharge dispositions for pediatric patients with accidental trauma who underwent neurosurgical procedures. Management within a children's unit in a general hospital was also associated with reduced LOS. By hospital ownership type, private, not-for-profit hospitals were associated with decreased inpatient mortality and more favorable discharge dispositions.

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How performance measurement influences stakeholders in not-for-profit organizations

International Journal of Operations & Production Management ◽

10.1108/ijopm-08-2015-0481 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (9) ◽

pp. 1164-1184 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Haley Allison Beer ◽

Pietro Micheli

Keyword(s):

Performance Measurement ◽

Single Case ◽

Institutional Logics ◽

Performance Goals ◽

Content Type ◽

For Profit ◽

Not For Profit ◽

And Performance ◽

The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influences of performance measurement (PM) on not-for-profit (NFP) organizations’ stakeholders by studying how PM practices interact with understandings of legitimate performance goals. This study invokes institutional logics theory to explain interactions between PM and stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach An in-depth case study is conducted in a large NFP organization in the UK. Managers, employees, and external partners are interviewed and observed, and performance-related documents analyzed. Findings Both stakeholders and PM practices are found to have dominant institutional logics that portray certain goals as legitimate. PM practices can reinforce, reconcile, or inhibit stakeholders’ understandings and propensity to act toward goals, depending on the extent to which practices share the dominant logic of the stakeholders they interact with. Research limitations/implications A theoretical framework is proposed for how PM practices first interact with stakeholders at a cognitive level and second influence action. This research is based on a single case study, which limits generalizability of findings; however, results may be transferable to other environments where PM is aimed at balancing competing stakeholder objectives and organizational priorities. Practical implications PM affects the experience of stakeholders by interacting with their understanding of legitimate performance goals. PM systems should be designed and implemented on the basis of both their formal ability to represent organizational aims and objectives, and their influence on stakeholders. Originality/value Findings advance PM theory by offering an explanation for how PM influences attention and actions at an individual micro level.

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PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT, GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN EAST AFRICA

American Journal of Finance ◽

10.47672/ajf.241 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Dr. Rutto Peter Ketyenya

Keyword(s):

Performance Measurement ◽

East Africa ◽

Commercial Banks ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Financial Structure ◽

Return On Assets ◽

Policy Makers ◽

For Profit ◽

Net Interest Margin ◽

And Performance

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze Performance Measurement, Growth and Structure of Commercial Banks in East AfricaMethodology: The study used cross country data analysis of 100 commercial banks and collected secondary data from annual published audited financial statements for the period 1997-2011Results: The results indicate that the OPM which combines productivity and profitability captured a high percentage of similar banks when the top 20 commercial banks were ranked; 80% for return on assets, 60% for profit margin and 55% for net interest margin. A positive and significant relationship between economic growth and performance measures was confirmed. Similarly market structure had a positive relationship with the performance. The results further showed an insignificant relationship with financial structure which conforms to the financial structure theory.Policy recommendation: The study recommended that the OPM should enable central banks to assess the performance levels of banks and be able to detect those that are underperforming and take corrective measures to either improve productivity, profitability or both. For policy makers in the EAC secretariat, the measure will enable comparison on the performance of banks in East Africa for subsequent integration to the monetary union

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For-profit hospital ownership status and use of brachytherapy after breast-conserving surgery.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6511 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 6511-6511

Author(s):

Sounok Sen ◽

Pamela R. Soulos ◽

Jeph Herrin ◽

Kenneth B Roberts ◽

James B. Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Conserving Surgery ◽

Whole Breast Irradiation ◽

Medicare Beneficiaries ◽

Breast Irradiation ◽

Hospital Ownership ◽

For Profit ◽

Not For Profit ◽

Ownership Status ◽

To Receive

6511 Background: Because the benefits of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer decrease with increasing age, the use of newer and more expensive RT modalities such as brachytherapy in the treatment of older women has been questioned. In particular, patients and policy makers may be concerned that for-profit hospitals might be more likely to use therapies with higher reimbursements. Among both younger and older Medicare beneficiaries with breast cancer, we examined whether hospital ownership status is associated with use of adjuvant brachytherapy. Methods: Using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Chronic Condition Warehouse database, we conducted a retrospective study of female Medicare beneficiaries aged 66-94 years old receiving breast-conserving surgery for invasive breast cancer in 2008 and 2009. We assessed the relationship between hospital ownership and receipt of brachytherapy, as well as overall RT (i.e. brachytherapy or whole breast irradiation) using hierarchical generalized linear models. Results: The sample consisted of 35,118 women, 8.0% of whom had undergone surgery at for-profit hospitals.Among patients who received RT, those who underwent surgery at for-profit hospitals were significantly more likely to receive brachytherapy (20.2%) than patients treated at not-for-profit hospitals (15.2%; OR for profit vs. not-for profit: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.23-1.84; p<0.001). Among women 66-79 years old, there was no relation between hospital profit status and overall RT use. However, among women age 80-94 years old, receipt of surgery at a for-profit hospital was significantly associated with higher overall RT use (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.45, p=0.03) and brachytherapy use (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.18-2.34, p=0.003), but not whole breast irradiation use (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.96-1.36, p=0.13) Conclusions: Medicare beneficiaries undergoing breast-conserving surgery at for-profit hospitals were more likely to receive brachytherapy, a newer, less proven, and more expensive technology. Among the oldest women, who are least likely to benefit from RT, care at a for-profit hospital was associated with higher overall RT use, with this difference largely driven by the use of brachytherapy.

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Key Enablers for Knowledge Management for Australian Not-for-Profit Organizations

Organizational Culture and Behavior ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1913-3.ch030 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 628-648

Author(s):

Craig Hume ◽

Margee Hume

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Management ◽

Employee Engagement ◽

Knowledge Worker ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Volunteer Retention ◽

For Profit ◽

Not For Profit ◽

Grant Applications ◽

And Performance ◽

Government Grant

Not-for-Profit (NFPs) organizations operate in an increasingly competitive marketplace for funding, staff and volunteers, and donations. Further, NFPs, both in Australia and internationally, are growing rapidly in number in response to increasing needs for humanitarian services and environmental sustainability that local and national governments and established international aid organizations cannot or struggle to provide effectively. Many NFPs are being driven to adopt more commercial practices in order to improve their donor appeal, government grant applications, staff/volunteer retention, and service delivery. Knowledge Management (KM) is one such “corporate” practice being explored to address the increasingly competitive environment. Although the concept of knowledge management may be basically understood in NFPs, researchers and NFP managers are yet to explore and fully understand the complex inter-relationships of organizational culture, ICT, internal marketing, employee engagement, and performance management as collective enablers on the capture, coordination, diffusion, and renewal of knowledge in a NFP environment. This chapter presents research into the relationship of KM with those enabling elements and presents an implementation model to assist NFPs to better understand how to plan and sustain KM activity from integrated organisational and knowledge worker perspectives. The model emphasises an enduring integrated approach to KM to drive and sustain the knowledge capture and renewal continuum. The model provides an important contribution on “how to” do KM.

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Hospital Ownership Conversions: Defining the Appropriate Public Oversight Role

Forum for Health Economics & Policy ◽

10.2202/1558-9544.1031 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Frank A. Sloan

Keyword(s):

Nationwide Inpatient Sample ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Hospital Ownership ◽

Uncompensated Care ◽

Discharge Data ◽

For Profit ◽

Profit Status ◽

Public Scrutiny ◽

Public Oversight

This paper reviews recent empirical evidence on the effects of hospital ownership conversions on quality of care and provision of public goods, such as uncompensated care, and presents new results on these topics based on hospital discharge data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Projects (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample. My analysis of these data reveals that conversion from government or private nonprofit to for-profit ownership has no effect on in-hospital mortality, but rates of pneumonia complications increased following conversion to for-profit status. Other research, discussed in the paper, found increased mortality rates following discharge from the hospital for patients admitted to hospitals that had converted to for-profit ownership. There was no effect of such conversions on the propensity to admit uninsured or Medicaid patients. Clearly, there is considerable heterogeneity in outcomes attributable to conversions. Overall, the evidence suggests a role for public scrutiny of hospital ownership conversions.

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Hospital Board Power

Health Services Management Research ◽

10.1177/095148488800100202 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 74-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

David Starkweather

Keyword(s):

Hospital Performance ◽

Actual Performance ◽

For Profit ◽

Not For Profit ◽

Hospital Board

This paper is about governance of community not-for-profit hospitals. It begins by noting the marked inconsistencies between widely shared views of official hospital board functions and the actual performance of these boards. Several models of organisation power are then reviewed, with comment on their adequacy for hospitals. Then the notion of hospital board power as a convenient fiction is presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of the sufficiency of this arrangement for hospital performance.

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