Measurement of mini-implant stability using resonance frequency analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is suitable to measure orthodontic mini-implant stability. Implant size significantly affects the level of resonance frequency. Regarding the operating mode of RFA, it has to be proven whether the resonance frequency of mini-implants in bone fits the range of frequency emitted by the Osstell ISQ device. Material and Methods: For this purpose the SmartPegs in the Osstell ISQ device were modified to fit with the inner screw thread of orthodontic mini-implants, and 110 mini-implants were inserted into porcine pelvic bone. RFA was performed parallel and perpendicular to the run of superficial bone fibers. A suitability test, Periotest, was also performed in the same directions. Compacta thickness was measured using cone-beam computed tomography. Correlation tests and linear regression analysis were carried out between the three methods. Results: The RFA showed a mean Implant Stability Quotient value of 36.36 ± 2.67, and the Periotest mean value was −2.10 ± 1.17. The differences between the two directions of measurement were statistically significant (P > .001) for RFA and the Periotest. There was a high correlation between RFA and the Periotest (r = −0.90) and between RFA and compacta thickness (r = 0.71). The comparison between the Periotest and compacta thickness showed a correlation coefficient of r = −0.64. Conclusion: The present results suggest that RFA is feasible as a measurement method for orthodontic mini-implant stability. As a consequence, it could be used for clinical evaluation of current stability and allow stability-related loading of mini-implants to reduce the failure rate.

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Is gingival biotype a critical determinant of secondary stability of orthodontic mini-implants – A prospective clinical study using resonance frequency analysis

APOS Trends in Orthodontics ◽

10.25259/apos_105_2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 245-252

Author(s):

Sayali Prashant Pradhan ◽

Supriya Nambiar ◽

Shravan Shetty ◽

Siddarth Shetty ◽

Nidhin Philip Jose

Keyword(s):

Resonance Frequency ◽

Frequency Analysis ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Longitudinal Assessment ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gingival Biotype ◽

Secondary Stability

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the association of gingival biotype and secondary stability of orthodontic mini-implants using resonance frequency analysis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, each receiving two mini-implants, were divided into two groups; thick and thin gingival biotype based on the thickness of gingiva before mini-implant placement. Implant stability was assessed at the time of placement; at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month by resonance frequency analysis. Peri-implant soft-tissue conditions were also examined at each month till 4 months interval using periodontal indices. Results: Thick and thin gingival biotype groups showed statistically different implant stability quotient (ISQ). Mini-implants showing signs of failure consistently displayed lesser ISQ. Statistically significant difference was observed in the scores of peri-implant indices of failure and no failure group of mini-implants. Conclusion: Mini-implants in thin gingival biotype are more susceptible to failure and peri-implantitis compared to thick gingival biotype. Longitudinal assessment of mini-implant stability may help predict failure so as to avoid long duration and cost of orthodontic treatment.

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Is It Possible to Monitor Implant Stability on a Prosthetic Abutment? An In Vitro Resonance Frequency Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17114073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 4073

Author(s):

Paula López-Jarana ◽

Carmen María Díaz-Castro ◽

Artur Falcão ◽

Blanca Ríos-Carrasco ◽

Ana Fernandez-Palacín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resonance Frequency ◽

Frequency Analysis ◽

Mean Value ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Implant Stability Quotient ◽

The Mean ◽

The One ◽

Implant System

In order to apply the “one-abutment–one-time” concept, we evaluated the possibility of measuring resonance frequency analysis (RFA) on the abutment. This trial aimed to compare the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values obtained by the PenguinRFA when screwing the transducer onto the implant or onto abutments with different heights and angulations. Eighty implants (VEGA®, Klockner Implant System, SOADCO, Les Escaldes, Andorra) were inserted into fresh bovine ribs. The groups were composed of 20 implants, 12 mm in length, with two diameters (3.5 and 4 mm). Five different abutments for screwed retained restorations (Permanent®) were placed as follows: straight with 1, 2, and 3 mm heights, and angulated at 18° with 2 and 3 mm heights. The mean value of the ISQ measured directly on the implant was 75.72 ± 4.37. The mean value of the ISQ registered over straight abutments was 79.5 ± 8.50, 76.12 ± 6.63, and 71.42 ± 6.86 for 1, 2, and 3 mm height abutments. The mean ISQ over angled abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights were 68.74 ± 4.68 and 64.51 ± 4.53 respectively. The present study demonstrates that, when the ISQ is registered over the straight abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights, the values decrease, and values are lower for angled, 3 mm height abutments.

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Measurement of Primary Stability of Mini Implants Using Resonance Frequency Analysis

APOS Trends in Orthodontics ◽

10.4103/apos.apos_20_18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 139-145

Author(s):

Ashish Kumar Singh ◽

Sridhar Kannan ◽

Nitin Arora ◽

Yatin Bajaj ◽

Ameet V. Revankar

Keyword(s):

Resonance Frequency ◽

Frequency Analysis ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Pelvic Bone ◽

Contactless Measurement ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

The Stability

Introduction In the last decade, anchorage control with mini-implants has gained enormous credibility in maintaining orthodontic anchorage. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) has proven to be an adequate method to measure the stability of these mini-implants because of its non-invasiveness and contactless measurement method. Materials and Method Tomas and S.K surgical mini-implants were tested. For this purpose custom fabricated attachment was fabricated to attach the smart peg on orthodontic mini-implant head, and 45 mini-implants were inserted in fresh swine pelvic bone in the density matched sites to that of most common sites where mini-implants are placed in human mandible. Mini-implants of two different lengths with diameter constant were also placed to assess the effect of length on primary stability. Results The mean ISQ of Group 1 (Tomas 10 mm) was 55.53±3.39 while that of Group 2 (S.K Surgical 10mm) was 56.63±3.48 and that of Group 3(S.K Surgical 8 mm) was 55.90±3.48. Difference among the groups were not statistically significant when ANOVA test was used (P >0.05). Conclusion The resonance frequency analysis is applicable to comparatively assess the primary stability of orthodontic mini-implants. There was no difference in primary stability of Tomas and S.K Surgical mini-implant and primary stability was not affected by the length of the mini-implant.

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Does the manual insertion torque of smartpegs affect the outcome of implant stability quotients (ISQ) during resonance frequency analysis (RFA)?

International Journal of Implant Dentistry ◽

10.1186/s40729-019-0195-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ingrid Kästel ◽

Giles de Quincey ◽

Jörg Neugebauer ◽

Robert Sader ◽

Peter Gehrke

Keyword(s):

Resonance Frequency ◽

Frequency Analysis ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Reliable Determination ◽

Torque Values ◽

Finger Pressure

Abstract Background There is disagreement about the optimal torque for tightening smartpegs for resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Subjective finger pressure during hand tightening could affect the reliability of the resulting values. The aim of the current study was therefore to assess whether or not the insertion torque of a smartpeg magnetic device influences the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value during RFA. Methods Thirty self-tapping screw implants (XiVE S, Dentsply Sirona Implants, Bensheim, Germany) with a diameter of 3.8 mm and a length of 11 mm were inserted in three cow ribs with a bone quality of D1. The RFA value of each implant was measured (Ostell, FA W&H Dentalwerk, Bürmoos, Austria) in two orthogonal directions (mesial and buccal) after tightening the corresponding smartpeg type 45 with a mechanically defined value of 5 Ncm (Meg Torq device, Megagen, Daegu, South Korea) (test). Additionally, 4 different examiners measured the RFA after hand tightening the smartpegs, and the results were compared (control). Insertion torque values were determined by measuring the unscrew torque of hand seated smartpegs (Tohnichi Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Results The ISQ values varied from 2 to 11 Ncm by hand tightening and from 2 to 6 Ncm by machine tightening. The comparison of hand and machine tightening of smartpegs displayed only minor differences in the mean ISQ values with low standard deviations (mesial 79.76 ± 2,11, buccal 77.98 ± 2,) and no statistical difference (mesial p = 0,343 and buccal p = 0,890). Conclusions Manual tightening of smartpeg transducers allows for an objective and reliable determination of ISQ values during RFA.

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