Identification of a Novel Signaling Molecule and Elucidation of Its Cellular Functions-Development of an Interface between Neuroscience and Oral Health Science-

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-258
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanematsu ◽  
Akiko Mizokami ◽  
Miho Terunuma ◽  
Hiroshi Takeuchi ◽  
Masato Hirata
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Signaling Molecule

scholarly journals Mice Deficient in Sphingosine Kinase 1 Are Rendered Lymphopenic by FTY720

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (50) ◽  
pp. 52487-52492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Allende ◽  
Teiji Sasaki ◽  
Hiromichi Kawai ◽  
Ana Olivera ◽  
Yide Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Development ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Lymphocyte Trafficking ◽  
Signaling Molecule ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Sphingosine Kinases ◽  
S1p Receptor

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid signaling molecule that regulates many cellular functions, is synthesized from sphingosine and ATP by the action of sphingosine kinase. Two such kinases have been identified, SPHK1 and SPHK2. To begin to investigate the physiological functions of sphingosine kinase and S1P signaling, we generated mice deficient in SPHK1.Sphk1null mice were viable, fertile, and without any obvious abnormalities. Total SPHK activity in mostSphk1-/-tissues was substantially, but not completely, reduced indicating the presence of multiple sphingosine kinases. S1P levels in most tissues from theSphk1-/- mice were not markedly decreased. In serum, however, there was a significant decrease in the S1P level. Although S1P signaling regulates lymphocyte trafficking, lymphocyte distribution was unaffected in lymphoid organs ofSphk1-/- mice. The immunosuppressant FTY720 was phosphorylated and elicited lymphopenia in theSphk1null mice showing that SPHK1 is not required for the functional activation of this sphingosine analogue prodrug. The results with theseSphk1null mice reveal that some key physiologic processes that require S1P receptor signaling, such as vascular development and proper lymphocyte distribution, can occur in the absence of SPHK1.

scholarly journals PERMANENT MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLARS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1747-1753
Author(s):  
Asma Saher Ansari ◽  
Amynah Tariq Shaikh ◽  
Syed Jaffar Abbas Zaidi ◽  
Zairah Muqaddas Ansari ◽  
Shakeel Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Occlusal Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Surface Patterns

Objectives: Tooth morphology plays an important role in dental anthropology& forensic odontology. This study was conducted to determine the frequencies of variationsin occlusal surface patterns in permanent mandibular second molars in a subset of Pakistanipopulation. Data Source: 500 medical and dental students of Dow University of Health Sciencesand healthy volunteers visiting the dental OPD with age range from 17 to 25 years. Design ofStudy: Cross-sectional analytical Study. Setting: Department of Oral Biology, Dr. IshratulIbadKhan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences. Period: May 2017till August 2017. Materials & Methods: This analytical study was conducted in the departmentof Oral Biology at Dr Ishratul Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Science. Five hundred dentalcasts after interoral exam and impression taking were studied for the variations in the frequencyof of cusps and their relative groove and fissure pattern. Statistical analysis was performed byDescriptive analysis and Chi Square. Results: Out of the fivbe hundred casts that were analysed,51% were of males and 49% were of females. The four-cusped variety of mandibular molars withpresence of distal fovea and distal marginal ridge was the most frequent (95.4%) while the mostprevalent occlusal groove form was “+” shape (88.4%). Frequently present occlusal patternwas the “+4” form (85.4%). Conclusion: The occlusal configurations of mandibular molarsshowed high degree of variability. The most frequently occurring pattern of occlusal surface ofmandibular second molars in this subset of Pakistani population was determined to be “+4”form. These findings can be used for forensic, teaching & clinical purposes by providing aPakistani database for morphological characteristic of mandibular molars.

Current and future prospects for oral health science and technology

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
JS Greenspan ◽  
AJ Kahn ◽  
SJ Marshall ◽  
E Newbrun ◽  
O Plesh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Future Prospects

scholarly journals Woman Authorship in Pre-print Versus Peer-Reviewed Oral Health-Related Publications: A Two-Year Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effie Ioannidou ◽  
Lavanya Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Women in oral health science face similar societal issues and challenges as those in other STEMM careers, and gender disparities continue to exist as evidenced by fewer women represented as first and last authors in scientific publications. Pre-prints may serve as a conduit to immediately disseminating one's work, bypassing the arduous peer review process and its associated inherent biases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to 1) compare the gender of first and last authors in pre-print versus peer reviewed publications, 2) examine the composition of first and last author pairs as stratified by publication type, and 3) examine the correlation between woman authorship and institutional geographic location and publication metrics stratified by publication type. Methods: The keyword "oral health" was used to search for publications in BioRxiv and Pubmed in the years 2018 and 2019. Gender of first and last authors were determined, and its frequency was considered as the primary outcome. Additionally, the geographic location of the author's associated institution and publication metrics measured by Altmetrics score were extracted. Data was descriptively summarized by frequencies and percentages. Chi-square analysis was conducted for categorical variables which included the relationship between gender and publication type as well as gender and region of author's associated institution. Binomial regression analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between gender and Altmetrics. Results: Woman first authors comprised 40.3% of pre-prints and 64.5% of peer reviewed publications (p<0.05). Woman last authors comprised 31.3% of pre-prints and 61.5% of peer reviewed publications (p<0.05). When analyzing the relationships between first and last author, the Man-Man pairing represented 47.7% of the pre-print publications and the Woman-Woman pairing comprised a majority of the of the peer review publications at 47.5%. All results were statistically significant with a p-value <0.05. No significant correlation was found between region of institution or Altmetrics and gender of first or last authors (p>0.05). Conclusion: For the first time in oral health science, it was found that women show higher representation as first and last author positions in peer reviewed publications versus pre-prints.

scholarly journals Woman authorship in pre-print versus peer-reviewed oral health-related publications: A two-year observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260791
Author(s):  
Lavanya Rajendran ◽  
Namita Khandelwal ◽  
Jocelyne Feine ◽  
Effie Ioannidou
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives Women in oral health science face similar societal issues and challenges as those in other STEMM careers, and gender disparities continue to exist as evidenced by fewer women represented as first and last authors in scientific publications. Pre-prints may serve as a conduit to immediately disseminating one’s work, bypassing the arduous peer review process and its associated inherent biases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to 1] compare the gender of first and last authors in pre-print versus peer reviewed publications, 2] examine the composition of first and last author pairs as stratified by publication type, and 3] examine the correlation between woman authorship and institutional geographic location and publication metrics stratified by publication type. Methods The keyword “oral health” was used to search for publications in BioRxiv and Pubmed in the years 2018 and 2019. Gender of first and last authors were determined, and its frequency was considered as the primary outcome. Additionally, the geographic location of the author’s associated institution and publication metrics measured by Altmetrics score were extracted. Data was descriptively summarized by frequencies and percentages. Chi-square analysis was conducted for categorical variables which included the relationship between gender and publication type as well as gender and region of author’s associated institution. Binomial regression analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between gender and Altmetrics. Results Woman first authors comprised 40.3% of pre-prints and 64.5% of peer reviewed publications [p<0.05]. Woman last authors comprised 31.3% of pre-prints and 61.5% of peer reviewed publications [p<0.05]. When analyzing the relationships between first and last author, the Man-Man pairing represented 47.7% of the pre-print publications and the Woman-Woman pairing comprised a majority of the of the peer review publications at 47.5%. All results were statistically significant with a p-value <0.05. No significant correlation was found between region of institution or Altmetrics and gender of first or last authors [p>0.05]. Conclusion For the first time in oral health science, it was found that women show higher representation as first and last author positions in peer reviewed publications versus pre-prints.

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